...result sought by Jefferson, whom Madison approvingly quotes in The Federalist No. 48: a government "in which the powers of government should be so divided...without being effectually checked and restrained by others." Madison develops this line of reasoning mainly in a separation-of-powers context, concerned...

...doubt it turn their eyes on the republic of Venice. As little will it avail us that they are chosen by ourselves. An elective despotism was not the government...effectually checked and restrained by the others." In a modern democratic state, the chief executive office must be elective. But as heredity, prescription,...

...familiar. (86, 120) To remedy this defect, Jefferson proposed that "the powers of governr Vil * ment should be so divided and balanced among several bodies...effectually checked and restrained by the others." So Jefferson called in checks and balances— not, as previously, of social classes, but of governmental...

...Jefferson's charge that the Virginia legislature had usurped the powers of the other branches of government: "An elective despotism was not the government we fought...effectually checked and restrained by the others. * * * [The legislature] ha[s] .... in many instances, decided rights which should have been left to...

...1961). Thomas Jefferson also wrote of the necessity of internal restraints on the powers of government: ...An elective despotism was not the government we...be so divided and balanced among several bodies of magistry, as that no one could transcend their legal limits, without being effectually checked and...

...tyranny even if under democratic forms. As Thomas Jefferson wrote in his Notes on the State of Virginia: An elective despotism was not the government we fought...effectually checked and restrained by the others. 4 From what quarter, then, was the drive toward consolidation likely to originate? Publius minced no...

...as oppressive as one. . . . An elective despotism was not the government we fought for, but one ... in which the powers of government should be so divided...without being effectually checked and restrained by the others."52 Writing a few years later about the federal legislature, Jefferson equated a constitutional...

...elective despotism is not the government we fought for, but one which should not only be founded in free principles, but in which the powers of government...effectually checked and restrained by the others. Why should such a complex mechanism be necessary? It is because government itself was regarded by the...

...Congress. . . .' In the Federalist No. 48, James Madison expressed that the framers strove for a government "in which the powers of government should be so divided...without being effectually checked and restrained by others."4 Thus, the framers regarded the system of separated powers and checks and balances established...

...be as oppressive as one ... An elective despotism was not the government we fought for; but one ... in which the powers of government should be so divided and balanced among several bodies or magistracies, as that no one could transcend their legal limits, without being effectually checked...