...a power — and how to limit it. Alexander Hamilton, in the Federalist, unflinchingly observed that in "the general course of human nature, a power over...man's subsistence amounts to a power over his will." Thus the Kramers, in seeking to secure executive and judicial independence, provided that the judges...

...their salaries.'" O'Donogkue v. United States, 289 US 516, 531 (1933). The Framers thus recognized: "Next to permanency in office, nothing can contribute...the judges than a fixed provision for their support. ... In the general course of human nature, a power over a man's subsistence amounts to a power over...

...CLAUSES OUTLINED IN THE CONSTITUTION ITSELF. AS ALEXANDER HAMILTON STATED IN THE FEDERALIST PAPERS, "IN THE GENERAL COURSE OF HUMAN NATURE, A POWER OVER...MAN'S SUBSISTENCE AMOUNTS TO A POWER OVER HIS WILL." FINALLY, THIS PROCEDURE IS AN UNCONSTITUTIONAL DELEGATION OF LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY, BECAUSE IT PROVIDES...

...Congress. See generally The Federalist, No. 78. In The Federalist, No. 79, Alexander Hamilton wrote: "In the general course of human nature, a power over a man's subsistence amounts to a power over his vill" (emphasis in original). Although the courts have, in this context, paid little heed to the appointment...

...discussed by Alexander Hamilton in The Federalist. No. 79, 403-405 (M. Beloff ed. 1987). He observed: Next to permanency in office, nothing can contribute...than a fixed provision for their support .... The precautions for [state judges'] responsibility are comprised in the article respecting impeachments...

...clause was discussed by Alexander Hamilton in The Federalist. No. 79, 403-405 (M. Beloff ed. 1987): Next to permanency in office, nothing can contribute...than a fixed provision for their support .... The precautions for [state judges'] responsibility are comprised in the article funds at the close of the...

...consulted but the Constitution and the laws." Ibid. "Next to permanency in office," Hamilton added, "nothing can contribute more to the independence of...the Judges than a fixed provision for their support" because "a power over a man's subsistence amounts to a poiver over his mill. " Id. , at 548 (emphasis...

...removing a considerable potential legislative threat to judicial independence. As Hamilton argued, "Next to permanency in office, nothing can contribute...independence of the judges than a fixed provision for their support."7 Hamilton expressed the practical wisdom of the framers in justifying the salary protection...

...that judges' salaries shall not be decreased during their term of service. Hamilton points out that "a power over a man's subsistence amounts to a power over his will" (531-34). He then goes on to identify the main safeguard against arbitrary rulings by the courts. Judges...

...A man or woman can enjoy no freedom if denied the right to earn a living. Alexander Hamilton said, "A power over a man's subsistence amounts to a power over his will." It is the boast of American democracy that all the might and majesty of Government exist for one purpose:...