soil is sandy and quite barren, the English have suffered much by sickness; some, for want of vegetables, died of the scurvy, but a far greater part of fevers. The excessive heat of the weather has sometimes produced, in this place, a severe fever, similar to the Yellow Fever. This, in the year 1765, proved very fatal to a regiment of soldiers sent from England unseasoned to such climates, they having been landed there in the height of the sickly season. It raged chiefly in the fort, where the air in the soldiers' barracks was extremely sultry and unhealthy; the sea-breeze being shut out by the walls of the fort. And it is worthy of remark, that during the fatal rage of this fever at Pensacola, those that lived on board the ships in the harbour escaped it. Pensacola, however, is of late, esteemed more healthy than Mobile, where intermitting fevers prevail in the months of July, August, and September.

APPENDIX.

Extracts from the definitive Treaty concluded between England and France, Nov. 3d, 1762.

Art. 6. In order to re-establish peace on the most solid and lasting foundations, and to remove for ever every subject of dispute with regard to the limits of the British and French territories on the continent of America, it is agreed, that for the future the confines between the dominions of his Britannic Majesty, and those of his most Christian Majesty in that part of the world, shall be irrevocably fixed by a line drawn along the middle of the river Mississippi, from the source as far as the Iberville, and from thence by a line drawn along the middle of this river and of the lakes Maurepas and Ponchartrain to the sea; and to this purpose the most Christian King cedes in full right, and guaranties to his Britannic Majesty, the river and port of Mobile, and every thing that he possesses or ought to have possessed on the left side of the river Mississippi, except the town of New Orleans and the Island on which it is situated, which shall remain to France; provided that the navigation of the river Mississippi shall be equally free as well to the subjects of Great Britain as to those of France, in its whole length and breadth, from its source to the sea; and that part expressly which is between the said island of New Orleans and the right bank of that river, as well as the passage both in and out of its mouth. It is further stipulated, that the vessels belonging to

the subjects of either nation, shall not be stopped, visited, or subject to the payment of any duty whatever.

Art. 19th. His Catholic Majesty cedes and guaranties in full right to his Britannic Majesty, all that Spain possesses on the continent of North America, to the east or to the south east of the river Mississippi; and his Britannic Majesty agrees to grant to the inhabitants of this country, above ceded, the liberty of the Catholic religion. He will, in consequence give the most exact and the most effectual orders, that his new Roman Catholic subjects may profess the worship of their religion, according to the rites of the Roman church, as far as the laws of Great Britain permit. His Britannic Majesty further agrees, that the Spanish inhabitants, or others, who would have been subjects to the Catholic King, in the said countries, may retire in all safety and freedom, &c.

Extract from Governor Grant's Proclamation, dated St. Augustine, 7th October, 1763.

And whereas, it may greatly contribute to the speedy settling of this His Majesty's province, to inform all persons of the healthiness, soil, and productions thereof, I do in this proclamation, further publish and make known, that the former inhabitants lived to great ages. His Majesty's troops, since their taking possession of it, have enjoyed an uninterrupted state of good health. Fevers, which are so common during the autumn in other parts of America, are unknown here. The winter is so remarkably temperate, that vegetables of all kinds are raised during that season without any art. soil on the coast is in general sandy, but productive with proper cultivation. The lands are rich and fertile in the interior parts of the province, and on the sides of the rivers,

The

which are numerous. Fruits and grain may be raised with little labor the late inhabitants had often two crops of Indian corn in one year, and the breeder here will be under no necessity of laying up fodder for the winter, for there is at all times sufficient pasture to maintain his cattle.

The indigo plant remains unhurt for several years, and may be cut four times in a season. Wild indigo is found here in great abundance, which, with proper cultivation, is esteemed in the French islands to be the best. From the great luxuriance of all the West India weeds found in the southern parts of this province, it is not to be doubted but that all the fruits and productions of the West Indies may be raised here. Oranges, limes, lemons, and other fruits, grow spontaneously over the country. This province abounds with mahogany, and all kind of lumber for transportation or ship building, and the conveyance of the commodities will be attended with little expense, as there is water carriage every where.

Extract from Governor Tonyn's Proclamation, Nov. 1775.

The climate of this country is healthy, as is proved by the circumstance, that many of the Spaniards lived here to a comfortable old age; and from the establishment of the civil government of the colony under the crown of Great Britain, his Majesty's subjects have enjoyed a state of good health, which is particularly manifest from the returns of his Majesty's troops, in garrison at St. Augustine,

The climate is sufficiently cold in winter to brace up the constitution after it has been relaxed by the summer heats, which are greatly mitigated in their effects by a regular sea breeze. Several kinds of grain and vegetables may be cultivated here with success in the winter; and Indian corn, rice,