Recrystallization and Grain Growth in Metals

abnormal grain growth activation energy alloys containing aluminium aluminium nitride annealing temperature associated boundary migration boundary velocity cell structure coalescence cold-worked composition concentration copper curvature curves decreases diameter diffusion dihedral angles dislocation density dispersed particles dispersion alloys distribution drag coefficient driving force effect experimental Gladman grain boundaries grain size grain-boundary migration grain-size growth rate Hence impurity increased inhibition interfacial energy interparticle spacing iron kinetics lattice Lücke manganese matrix matrix-phase mechanism microns microstructure migration rate misorientation mobility nearest neighbour distance niobium normal grain growth nucleation rate observed occur orientation overall precipitation primary recrystallization radius recrystal recrystalliza recrystallization nuclei recrystallization process recrystallization temperature recrystallized grains reduction regions relationship reported second-phase particles similar single crystals single-phase solid-solution alloy solute atoms solute content specimens stacking-fault energy stored energy strain subgrain supersaturated tantalum texture theory thoria tion Trans tungsten two-phase values volume fraction whilst