person, and a noble and expressive countenance. He excelled ac arch ery, golf, and other Scottish exercises; and it may be added, that, while engaged in painting, his step and attitudes were at once stately and graceful. The mental qualities of that excellent man corresponded with the graces of his conversation and exterior. By those who most intimately knew him, he is described as uniting in an eminent degree the qualities which command genuine esteem. His attendance on the duties of religion was regular and exemplary. In domestic life he appeared peculiarly amiable. Though so much courted in society, he appeared always happiest at home, in the bosom of his family and of his grandchildren; and while mingling in their youthful sports. To young men, who were entering the arduous career of art, he showed himself always a most active and generous friend. Whether acquainted or not, they were welcome to come to him, and were sure of his best advice and assistance. Notwithstanding his extensive engagements and pursuits, a large proportion of his time was always spent in rendering these kind offices. When unable to command time during the day, he would engage them to come to him early in the morning. In passing sentence on the works of his brother-artists, he evinced the most liberal candour: and even where unable to bestow praise, was scarcely ever heard to blame. The merit of Sir Henry was amply acknowledged, both by literary societies and those formed for the promotion of art. He became a member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, of the Imperial Academy of Florence, of the Academy of New York, and of the South Carolina Academy. In 1814, the Royal Academy of London, on occasion of the very first picture sent by him, elected him an Associate; and in the following year they named him an Academician. This honour was conferred in a manner quite unprecedented, not having been preceded by any application whatever; while in general it is the result of a very keen canvass; and at this very time the candidates were particularly numerous. The time was come, however, when the talents of the artist were to meet a still more brilliant and imposing homage. His Majesty, George IV., in the course of his visit to his Scottish subjects, determined to show his esteem for the fine arts by a special mark of honour conferred on the nost distinguished of their professors. This view was happily fulfilled by conferring on Mr Raeburn the dignity of knighthood. Sir Henry received afterwards the appointment of portrait-painter to his Majesty for Scotland; a nomination, however, which was not announced to him till the very day when he was seized with his last illness. king, when conferring the dignity of knighthood, had expressed a wish to have a portrait of himself painted by this great artist; but Sir Henry's numerous engagements prevented him from visiting the metropolis for that purpose. The It reflects great honour on the subject of this memoir, that he never gave way to those secure and indolent habits which advanced age and established reputation are so apt to engender. He continued, with all the enthusiasm of a student, to seek and to attain farther improvement. The pictures of his two or three last years are unquestionably the best that he ever painted. Sir Henry died on the 8th July, 1823, after a brief illness.' 1 Abridged from Edinburgh Annual Register.' courted it ever after, and studiously converted the artist into a friend and acquaintance. Besides his excellence in this essential quality of portrait, Sir Henry possessed also in an eminent degree those secondary merits which are requisite to constitute a fine painting. His drawing was correct, his colouring rich and deep, and his lights well disposed. There was something bold, free and open, in the whole style of his execution. The accessories, whether of drapery, furniture, or landscape, were treated with elegance and spirit, yet without that elaborate and brilliant finishing which makes them become principals. These parts were always kept in due subordination to the human figure; while of it, the head came always out as the prominent part. Animals, particularly that noble species, the horse, were introduced with peculiar felicity; and Sir Henry's equestrian portraits are perhaps his very best performances. The able manner in which the animal itself was drawn, and in which it was combined with the human figure, were equally conspicuous. His portraits of Sir David Baird, of the earl of Hopetoun, of his own son, on horseback, and, above all, perhaps, of the duke of Hamilton, are striking illustrations of this remark. This skilful grouping and judicious arrangement of the accessories gave a peculiarly good effect to his family pictures, for which, however, Scotland did not afford a very extensive demand. The active mind of Sir Henry was by no means confined within the circle of his profession. Indeed, those who best knew him conceived, that the eminence to which he attained in it was less the result of any exclusive propensity, than of those general powers of mind, which would have led to excellence in any pursuit to which he had directed his attention. Though in a great degree self-taught, his knowledge was varied and extensive. His classical attainments were considerable; but mechanics and natural philosophy formed the favourite objects of his study. To these, in a particular manner, he devoted the leisure of his evenings, when not interrupted by the claims of society Sculpture was also an object of his peculiar study; and so great was his taste for it, that at Rome he at one time entertained the idea of devoting himself to that noble art as a profession, in preference to painting. A medallion of himself, which he afterwards executed, satisfied all men of taste who saw it, that he would have attained to equal excellence in this art, had he made it the object of his choice. Few men were better calculated to command respect in society than Sir Henry Raeburn. His varied knowledge, his gentlemanly and agreeable manners, an extensive command of anecdote, always well told and happily introduced, the general correctness and propriety of his whole deportment, made him be highly valued by many of the most distinguished individuals, both as a companion and a friend. His conversation might be said in some degree to resemble his style of painting, there was the same ease and simplicity, the same total absence of affectation of every kind, and the same manly turn of sense and genius. But we are not aware that the humorous gaiety and sense of the ludicrous, which often enlivened his conversation, ever guided his pencil. Sir Henry Raeburn, like Raphael, Michael Angelo, and some other masters of the art, possessed the advantage of a tall and commanding person, and a noble and expressive countenance. He excelled at arch ery, golf, and other Scottish exercises; and it may be added, that, while engaged in painting, his step and attitudes were at once stately and graceful. The mental qualities of that excellent man corresponded with the graces of his conversation and exterior. By those who most intimately knew him, he is described as uniting in an eminent degree the qualities which command genuine esteem. His attendance on the duties of religion was regular and exemplary. In domestic life he appeared peculiarly amiable. Though so much courted in society, he appeared always happiest at home, in the bosom of his family and of his grandchildren; and while mingling in their youthful sports. To young men, who were entering the arduous career of art, he showed himself always a most active and generous friend. Whether acquainted or not, they were welcome to come to him, and were sure of his best advice and assistance. Notwithstanding his extensive engagements and pursuits, a large proportion of his time was always spent in rendering these kind offices. When unable to command time during the day, he would engage them to come to him early in the morning. In passing sentence on the works of his brother-artists, he evinced the most liberal candour: and even where unable to bestow praise, was scarcely ever heard to blame. The merit of Sir Henry was amply acknowledged, both by literary societies and those formed for the promotion of art. He became a member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, of the Imperial Academy of Florence, of the Academy of New York, and of the South Carolina Academy. In 1814, the Royal Academy of London, on occasion of the very first picture sent by him, elected him an Associate; and in the following year they named him an Academician. This honour was conferred in a manner quite unprecedented, not having been preceded by any application whatever; while in general it is the result of a very keen canvass; and at this very time the candidates were particularly numerous. The time was come, however, when the talents of the artist were to meet a still more brilliant and imposing homage. His Majesty, George IV., in the course of his visit to his Scottish subjects, determined to show his esteem for the fine arts by a special mark of honour conferred on the most distinguished of their professors. This view was happily fulfilled by conferring on Mr Raeburn the dignity of knighthood. Sir Henry received afterwards the appointment of portrait-painter to his Majesty for Scotland; a nomination, however, which was not announced to him till the very day when he was seized with his last illness. king, when conferring the dignity of knighthood, had expressed a wish to have a portrait of himself painted by this great artist; but Sir Henry's numerous engagements prevented him from visiting the metropolis for that purpose. The It reflects great honour on the subject of this memoir, that he never gave way to those secure and indolent habits which advanced age and established reputation are so apt to engender. He continued, with all the enthusiasm of a student, to seek and to attain farther improvement. The pictures of his two or three last years are unquestionably the best that he ever painted. Sir Henry died on the 8th July, 1823, after a brief illness.' 1 Abridged from Edinburgh Annual Register.' Matthew Baillie. BORN A. D. 1761.-DIED A. D. 1823. THE father of this eminent physician was professor of divinity in the university of Glasgow. His mother was the sister of Dr William Hunter and of Mr John Hunter. In the earlier part of his education, he enjoyed great advantages; and, indeed, he was in the whole course of it peculiarly happy. From Glasgow, in 1780, he went to Baliol college, Oxford, where he took his degrees; and came finally under the superintendence of his uncle, Dr William Hunter, with whom he lived. By him he was brought forward into life; and through the influence of his uncle's friends, he was made physician to St George's hospital, in 1787. "The merest chance," says Sir Charles Bell, in an eloquent elogé pronounced by him on the subject of this article, in the theatre of anatomy, Great Windmill street, "made me acquainted with a circumstance very honourable to Dr Baillie. While still a young man, and not affluent, his uncle William, dying, left him the small family-estate of LongCalderwood. We all know of the unhappy misunderstanding that existed between Dr Hunter and his brother John. Dr Baillie felt that he owed this bequest to the partiality of his uncle, and made it over to John Hunter. The latter long refused; but in the end, the familyestate remained the property of the brother, and not of the nephew, of Dr Hunter. It was Dr Hunter's wish to see his nephew succeed him, and take his place in these rooms as a lecturer. To effect this, he united with him his assistant, Mr Cruickshanks; and, at his death, assigned to him the use of his collection of anatomical preparations during thirty years. "It was under this roof that Dr Baillie formed himself, and here the profession learned to appreciate him. He began to give regular lectures here in 1785, and continued to lecture in conjunction with Mr Cruickshanks till 1799. He had no desire to get rid of the national peculiarities of language; or, if he had, he did not perfectly succeed. Not only did the language of his native land linger on his tongue, but its recollections clung to his heart; and to the last, amidst the splendour of his professional life, and the seductions of a court, he took a hearty interest in the happiness and the eminence of his original country. And may the world forget him who forgets this first demand on his gratitude, and best excitement to honourable exertions ! But there was a native sense and strength of mind which distinguished him, and more than compensated for the want of the polish and purity of English pronunciation. He possessed the valuable talent of making an abstruse and difficult subject plain: his prelections were remarkable for that lucid order and clearness of expression which proceed from a perfect conception of the subject; and he never permitted any vanity of display to turn him from his great object of conveying information in the simplest and most intelligible way, and so as to be most useful to his pupils. That Dr Baillie ceased to lecture at a time when his opinions became every day more valuable, is the less to be regretted when we consider how he continued afterwards to occupy himself. "His first work, on Morbid Anatomy,' was, like every thing he did, modest and unpretending; but it was not on that account the less valued. A perfect knowledge of his subject, acquired in the midst of the fullest opportunities, enabled him to compress into a small volume more accurate and more useful information than will be found in the works of Bonetus, Morgagni, and Lieutaud. This work consisted at first of a plain statement of facts,-the description of the appearances presented on dissection, or what could be preserved and exhibited ; and he afterwards added the narration of symptoms corresponding with the morbid appearances. This was an attempt of greater difficulty, which will require the experience of successive lives to perfect. His next work was the Illustration of Morbid Anatomy,' by a series of splendid engravings; creditable at once to his own taste and liberality, and to the state of the arts in this country. He thus laid a solid foundation for pathology, and did for his profession what no physician had done before his time. Much, no doubt, remains unperformed; but I am confident that nothing which he has done will be undone by those who shall follow him. Besides his great work, he gave a description of the gravid uterus, and many important contributions to the transactions and medical collections of his time. Dr Baillie presented his collection of morbid specimens to the college of physicians, with a sum of money to be expended in keeping them in order; and it is rather remarkable that Dr Hunter, his brother, and his nephew, should have left to their country such noble memorials as these. In the college of Glasgow may be seen the princely collection of Dr Hunter; the college of surgeons have assumed new dignity, surrounded by the collection of Mr Hunter, more like the successive works of many men enjoying royal patronage or national support, than the work of a private surgeon; and lastly, Dr Baillie has given to the college of physicians, at least, that foundation for a museum of morbid anatomy, which we hope to see completed by the activity of the members of that body. "When a physician rises suddenly into eminence, owing to fortuitous circumstances, connexions, or address, though we cannot condemn that person, nothing can be less interesting than his life or fortunes: but Dr Baillie's success was creditable to the time. It may be said of him, as it was said of his uncle John, 'every time I hear of his increasing eminence, it appears to me like the fulfilling of poetical justice, so well has he deserved success by his labours for the advantage of humanity.' Yet I cannot say that there was not in his manner sufficient reason for his popularity. Those who have introduced him to families from the country, must have observed in them a degree of surprise on first meeting the physician of the court. There was no assumption of character, or warmth of interest exhibited; he appeared what he really was, one come to be a dispassionate observer, and to do that duty for which he was called. But then, when he had to deliver his opinion, and more especially when he had to communicate with the family, there was a clearness in his statement, a reasonableness in all he said, and a convincing simplicity in his manner, that had the most soothing and happy influence on minds, exalted and almost irritated by suffering and the apprehension of impending misfortune. We cannot estimate too highly the influence of Dr Baillie's character on the profession to which he belonged. I ought not, perhaps, to mention his mild virtues and domestic charities; yet the recollection of these must give a deeper |