with that of Gray, will, venerate and enjoy; and from which a spark may be drawn which will kindle in the soul of every aspiring student the ardour of honest emulation. We shall ever consider it as a fortunate and an honourable event in the annals of literature, that the name and the character of Gray should descend to posterity adorned and amplified by the animated exertions and the affectionate zeal of so great a poet and scholar as Mr. Mathias. ART. II. Pindari Carmina juxta Exemplar Heynianum. Quibus accesserunt Note Heymiana; Paraphrasis Benedictina; et Lexicon Pindaricum, ex integro Dummii opere Etymologico excerptum, et justa serie dispositum.--Digessit et edidit Henricus Huntingford, LL.B. Collegi B. Maria Winton prope Winton Socius.-Excudit B. Watts. Sumtibus 'T. Cadell et W. Davies. Londini. MDCCCXIV. THIS comprehensive volume contains whatever may be neces sary for enabling young men in the higher classes of schools, and students not yet graduated in the Universities, to acquire such knowledge of Pindar, as will be deemed competent for their respective ages, by judicious Masters and candid examiners. The several particulars, which the title-page enumerates, are completely given. The reader will accordingly find, in this work, all the Odes of Pindar, as edited by Heyne, and that learned Professor's Notes; the Paraphrase constructed by Benedict; and so much of Damm's Lexicon, as explains and illustrates the Odes of Pindar. The superior merits of Heyne's Text are universally acknowledged, and therefore need not additional praise. The degree of estimation, in which Benedict's Paraphrase was before holden, Heyne sanctioned, when, in speaking of Benedict and his Пdage Tegíodos, the Professor observed, "Habebat Vir Doctissimus, quæ verè de se prædicare poterat: nam in interpretandis sententiis præclara ejus est opera, partim versione recognitâ et Paraphrasi Latinâ primùm additâ." Heyne Præf. Pind. p. 48. Ed. 1798. That the elucidations of Pindar should in Damm's Lexicon have been separate from those of Homer, was Heyue's own wish, expressed in this passage: "Sunt fortè alia, quæ dum hæc scribebamus, memoriæ non suc currebant: ut Dammii Lexicon Homerico-Pindaricum. Berol. 1765. opus Herculei laboris; in quo Utinam Pindarica seorsùm ab Homericis vulgâsset." Præf. p. 50. The distinct view of Pindaric illustration, which the Professor thought desirable, is now set before us, by the labour, accuracy, and judgment of Mr. H. Huntingford. The perseverance of Damm must have been unwearied. For in his Postscript, after having described the method which he had pursued in the collocation of sheets and transcribing words, he adds, "Hic labor mihi nocte dieque continuatus, Octo penè annos, inter alios labores, absumsit." He was of opinion, that all the words of the Greek language, exuberant though it be, were evidently deducible from somewhat fewer than two hundred roots. He conceived a Lexicon Universal should be so composed, as that the derivatives should ultimately refer to primitives not exceeding two hundred. In pursuance of his own idea, he drew up, as a basis for such a Lexicon, his HomericoPindaric. The classification of derivatives under primitives, which is there adopted, may perhaps be just in the abstract and in theory: but it certainly is not calculated for producing two advantages, which readers who need lexicographal information, with reason think very considerable, viz. prompt convenience in shewing the word which they would see explained, and saving of time. The paucity of roots superinduces the necessity of advancing through numerous metaphorical transitions, the line of which is indeed easily traced by the erudition of deeply instructed maturity, but is not obvious to the less extensive learning of adolescent proficiency, even where able Masters have done their duty, by obliging their scholars to state the roots or themes of the most striking words in every lesson. A plan, proceeding on such paucity, must presuppose attainment of Greek learning, which in young men, through want of experience, cammot exist. When the Greek student looks into the Thesaurus of Stephens, or its Abridgment, by Scapula, he finds placed at the head of sections, as primitives, and consequently as the sources from which all in the same section gradually flow, the words following Αβρός-Βάσανος-Γῆρας-Δένδρον Ῥόδον-Σοφός - Ταύρος-Ύπνος In the Homerico-Pindaric Lexicon, the same words are, by indagation, to be traced thus:- Αβρός Αβρός 10 "Απω-Βάσανος το Φάω-Γήρας το Γάω Πόλεμος το Πάλλα-Ρόδον το Όζω- Σοφός το φάω As these words are given in their descent from their original head, they are not found without difficulty. It has been a principal object with Mr. H. Huntingford, that his Lexicon should at once exhibit the words of Pindar, with the learned Damm's interpretation, and frequently derivation, arranged in alphabetical series. For the "Lucidus Ordo," which he has thence transfused into the Pindaric Lexicon, Greek students are much indebted to himn. Conviction of the utility, which others will derive from his labour, must be to a publisher, liberally educated, an estimable remuneration. The pains however of the Editor, whose work is here considered, must have been compensated also by what he will duly appreciate, a great accession of knowledge in Greek, etymology, which he must have himself acquired from the long attention of mind, requisite for examining, new-modelling, transcribing, and editing his Lexicon. Applicable on this occasion are the remarks of one, who in past years derived much philogical benefit from his successful endeavours to improve a Lexicon, added to a Ieraλoyia, on which he had thrown much light. by explanatory annotations. "Qui facit ut Indices locutionibus integris constent, ae verbis difficilioribus, quibus Interpretatio adjungatur; et sibi et Lectori consulit; penitiorem ipse Linguæ cognitionem diligenti observatione consequitur; et Lectori vis atque elegantia sermonis et cujusque scriptorum proprietates, in oculos incurrunt." Preface to the Greek Lexicon of Burton's Nor only by constructing, but also by diligently perusing an Etymological Lexicon drawn up for their accommodation, Greek scholars may improve themselves. Antecedently therefore to their entering on the Odes of Pindar, and before their minds are sufficiently expanded for understanding his sublime poetry; at that period when they must learn the meaning of words, if they would afterwards rightly comprehend things; boys might well be be employed in transcribing and committing to memory those words, in the Pindaric Lexicon, with their interpretation, which to the judgment of Masters might seem most proper for an exer cise so useful. Whoever has fulfilled his engagement to the public, by having laid before it the whole of what he had undertaken to produce, deserves commendation proportioned to the merits of his work, and to the fidelity with which it is executed. The Editor of the book, which is now under review, has given more than what his advertisement promised, or than what his title-page announces. He seems to have formed a just conception of Pindar's manner, and to have discerned, what to an oscitant reader is not always apparent, a scope at which the poet continually aims. Pindar did indeed professedly celebrate the successful feats of victors in the games of Greece. But his noble spirit could not be insensible of the little value which the wise and good would attach to praise for the past, if it were unaccompanied with admoni. tory reflections, which might be useful for the future. Therefore, to check the insolence of power, to humble the pride of triumph, to inculcate inoral virtues and pious sentiments, were objects which, to a greater or less degree, this poet had constantly in view. Yet there was often need of address for accomplishing this instructive purpose. Precepts were rather to be insinuated, than obtruded. Knowing this, he very frequently avails himself of an allusion to the name either of a place, or of a person, or of an exploit, and thence takes occasion for expatiating into circuitous amplifications, which he artfully uses as vehicles for grave and devout sentiments. These sentiments, and the mode of conveying them, are the βέλη φωνᾶντα συνέτοῖσιν, of which his second Olympic Ode speaks (V. 150.) intelligible in themselves as to substance, and apt in propriety as to form and place of introduction. A brief selection of those serious thoughts, whether as they stand prominent, or are interwoven with the subject-matter, could not fail of being " Bona Frugis.". The Editor therefore has chosen out many of that description, .. and from them has formed a Γνωμολογία, styled however by him "Sententiarum Pindaricarum Delectus." DUPORT compiled a Gnomologia," from Homer, on a larger scale, and for a more extensive design. To the moral and religious sentiments of Pindar, equally as to those of Homer, may be applicable this passage, in the Epistle Dedicatory; "Cùm ergo tot monïta salutaria, atque documenta ad vitam et mores spectantia, eaque divinis eloquiis plane συνωδά et σύμφωνα hic inveniatis, licet profectò vobis ex hujus Poetæ lectione non Græcam Linguam solummodò, sed et Mentem Bonam, et (si fas) etiam pietatem addiscere. Apprimè enim mihi placet id quod in Epistolis Epistolis nuper editis alicubi scripsit eruditorum princeps Salma sius, Nihil moror libros, et combustos omnes velim, si doctiores tantùm, non etiam meliores, qui dant illis operam, reddere idonei sunt.” (Duporti Epist. Defic. p. 7.) Those who would not be so intemperate as to applaud the tyish of Salmasius, may nevertheless not hesitate to acknowledge the truth of the Horatian maxian, "Omne tulit punctum, qui miscuit UTILE Dulci.” A. P. 342. That Pindar has blended the utility of admonition with the delight of poetical imagination, may be shewn to readers, who are not yet conversant with the original, through the aid of English verse translation. WEST, PYE, GREEN, TASKER, and GIRDLESTONE, have given such translations. The latter, for the most part, expresses the sense of his author correctly from him, therefore, shall be copied a version of some lines, which appear in the "Sententiarum Pindaricarum Delectus." "When to the generous mind, By virtue polished and refin'd, Wealth deigns her golden treasures to impart And to high thoughts and feats, warms and expands the heart, O'er glory's path she shoots her light." V.97. Through various channels various blessings flow. Full many different ways are different honours given." V. 18. ODE ix. 41. "Man, boast of nought, whate'er thou hast is given, Wisdom and virtue are from heaven." V. 33. PYTHIAN |