Abp. Cant. JUXON, property and civil right. In short, they resolved to present an address, importing "that it was the humble advice of their house that no indulgence be granted to Dissenters from the Act of Uniformity." They likewise ordered a committee "to collect and bring in the reasons of the house for this vote." The next day a report was made to the house from the committee by sir Heneage Finch, his majesty's solicitor-general; and after some amendments, the address was agreed, and presented by the speaker to his majesty at the banqueting-house at Whitehall. I shall insert only that part of their application in which their reasonings are mentioned. Feb. 16, A. D. 1662-3. The commons' remonstrance upon this head. 890. "We have considered," say they, "the nature of your majesty's declaration from Breda, and are humbly of opinion that your majesty ought not to be pressed with it any farther. "Because it is not a promise in itself, but only a gracious declaration of your majesty's intentions, to do what in you lay, and what a parliament should advise your majesty to do; and no such advice was ever given, or thought fit to be offered; nor could it be otherwise understood, because there were laws of uniformity then in being, which could not be dispensed with but by act of parliament. "That they who do pretend a right to that supposed promise, put the right into the hands of the representatives, whom they chose to serve for them in this parliament, who have passed, and your majesty consented to, the Act of Uniformity; if any shall presume to say, that a right to the benefit of this declaration doth still remain after this act passed. "It tends to dissolve the very bonds of government, and to suppose a disability in your majesty and the houses of parliament, to make a law contrary to any part of your majesty's declaration, though both houses should advise your majesty to it. "We have also considered the nature of the indulgence proposed, with reference to those consequences that must necessarily attend it. "It will establish schism by a law, and make the whole government of the Church precarious, and the censures of it of no moment or consideration at all, "It will no way become the gravity or wisdom of a parlia II. ment, to pass a law at one session for uniformity, and at the CHARLES next session (the reasons of uniformity continuing still the same) to pass another law to frustrate or weaken the execution of it. "It will expose your majesty to the restless importunity of every sect or opinion, and of every single person also, who shall presume to dissent from the Church of England. "It will be a cause of increasing sects and sectaries, whose numbers will weaken the true Protestant profession so far, that it will at least be difficult for it to defend itself against them: and, which is yet farther considerable, those numbers, which by being troublesome to the government, find they can arrive at an indulgence, will, as their numbers increase, be yet more troublesome, that so at length they may arrive at a general toleration, which your majesty hath declared against; and in time some prevalent sect will at last contend for an establishment, which, for aught can be foreseen, may end in popery. "It is a thing altogether without precedent, and will take away all means of convicting recusants, and be inconsistent with the method and proceedings of the laws of England. 66 Lastly, it is humbly conceived, that the indulgence proposed will be so far from tending to the peace of the kingdom, that it is rather likely to occasion great disturbance. And on the contrary, that the asserting of the laws and religion established, according to the Act of Uniformity, is the most probable means to produce a settled peace and obedience throughout your kingdom: because the variety of professions in England, when openly indulged, doth directly distinguish men into parties, and withal gives them opportunity to count their numbers; which, considering the animosities, that out of a religious pride will be kept on foot by the several factions, doth tend directly and inevitably to open disturbance. "Nor can your majesty have any security, that the doctrine or worship of the several factions, which are all governed by a several rule, shall be consistent with the peace of your kingdom." His majesty gave them hearty thanks for their address, acknowledged that never any king was so happy in a house of commons, as himself in this; telling them withal, that their paper and reasons being long, he should take time to consider them, and send them a message. JUXON, Abp. Cant. The king inclined to make the Dissenters easy. By this answer, and his late declaration, we may collect, the king was unwilling to part with the toleration. Whether this unwillingness proceeded from good nature, or to make a return to some of the Nonconformists for promoting the Restoration; or because he thought the public tranquillity might be better preserved by such usage: which of these motives, or whether all of them affected his majesty, cannot certainly be determined but it is pretty plain, he was not a little desirous the indulgence should have passed, and that the non-complying divines should have been gently treated, and suffered to live at their ease 1. The next remarkable occurrence was the providing a better maintenance for the clergy. The appropriations of rectories made by the popes to religious houses; the secular views of some great persons of the temporalty at the Reformation, continuing the alienation of the great tithes, and settling them upon the laity; and farther depredations being afterwards made upon the patrimony of the Church;-this unfortunate conduct had reduced many of the parochial clergy to a lamentable condition. In many towns the whole profits were appropriated, and only a slender stipend allowed to the person officiating. In many others a vicarage was settled, but so meanly endowed, that a vicar, though without the charge of a family, could not tolerably subsist upon it. This mismanagement of the consecrated revenues has been the calamity and scandal of the nation. For without a competent settlement for the parochial clergy, it was reasonably concluded the Church of England could never be happily established. And in regard many of the impropriate rectories were annexed to sees, to cathedral and collegiate bodies, and other ecclesiastical dignities, it was thought proper the precedent for restitution should be set by the bishops and clergy: the ecclesiastics being, at that juncture, particularly furnished for augmenting slender livings, upon the score of the considerable fines lately received by them. For this purpose a bill was depending in parliament for laying down rules and proportions to be observed in the augmentation of poor vicarages, and other cures not competently endowed. But the disadvantages arising from the 1 Charles II. had been well initiated in the syncretic policy of Grotius, he was also a man of the world, and illustrated the text, that "the children of this world are wiser in their generation than the children of light." II. instructions passing such a bill being foreseen, or at least suspected, it was CHARLES thought more advisable to refer the matter to the king's instructions. Pursuant to this suggestion, his majesty directed his letters to the archbishops, bishops, deans, and chapters, "That The king's forthwith provision be made for the augmentation of all such for augvicarages and cures where the tithes and profits are appro- vicarages, menting poor priated to them and their successors, in such manner, that §o. they who immediately attend upon the performance of ministerial offices in every parish, may have a competent portion out of every rectory impropriate," &c. impropria tors. 891. These letters were readily complied with, and very consi- They are answered by derable augmentations made in most of the parishes appro- the clergypriated to ecclesiastical corporations: but lay impropriators stuck too close to the point of interest, and refused to be governed by his majesty's direction. It is true, many of the house of commons seemed well disposed to a remedy for this evil, and several resolves were made to this purpose; but these pious advances came to nothing. The miscarriage is supposed to have happened, either by the members being diverted and called off by the king's pressing for supplies, by the covetousness of impropriators, or by the disaffection of some lay patrons, who envied the clergy a better supported and independent condition. derson's A.D. 1662-3. In January last, Sanderson, bishop of Lincoln, departed Bishop Santhis life. He was youngest son of Robert Sanderson, of Gilth- death. wait-hall, esq., in Yorkshire, by Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Jan. 29, Carr, gent., of Rutherwait-hall, in Ecclesfield, in the same county. He was educated at Lincoln college, Oxford, where he was regius professor of divinity. In the year 1647 he was principally concerned in drawing up the university's reasons against the covenant and negative oath formerly mentioned. The next year he was turned out of his professorship and canonry of Christchurch, by the parliament visitors. After this he retired to Boothby Pannel, in Lincolnshire, where he was plundered and imprisoned. In his younger time he was inclined to Calvinism: but having argued the quinquarticular controversy with Dr. Hammond, he came off from Calvin and Twiss, and disliked both the supra and sublapsarian schemes. Soon after the Restoration he was promoted to the see of Lincoln, and assisted at the conference of the Savoy, but did not engage much in that debate. He was a prelate of considerable DON, SHEL- learning: the talent which distinguished him most was the Abp. Cant. resolution of cases of conscience, in which he was particularly eminent. His principal works are, "De Juramenti Obligatione Prælectiones Septem;" "De Obligatione Conscientiæ Prælectiones Decem." Nine Cases of Conscience in English, Walton's Life of Bishop San- and a volume of Sermons in folio. derson. Athen. Oxon. Juxon. The next summer, in June, William Juxon, archbishop of The death of Canterbury, died in his palace at Lambeth, and was buried in archbishop the chapel of St. John's college, Oxford, to which he was a considerable benefactor. He received his education in this society, and was some time afterwards student in Gray's-inn. In the late reign he was first preferred to the bishopric of Hereford, next to that of London, and upon the Restoration was translated to the see of Canterbury: but part of his character being touched already, I shall add nothing farther. Upon his death, Gilbert Sheldon, bishop of London, was made his successor, and Humphry Henchman, bishop of Sarum, removed to London. hall. And of priAbout this time, John Bramhall, archbishop of Armagh, mate Bram- departed this life. He was a gentleman of an ancient family, descended from the Bramhalls of Bramhall-hall, in Cheshire. He was educated in Cambridge, where he commenced doctor of divinity. Being beneficed in Yorkshire, he engaged a Jesuit in a conference about transubstantiation, and had the advantage in the dispute. Upon this he was made chaplain to Mathews, archbishop of York. and not long after prebendary of York and Ripon. In 1633 he resigned his preferments in England, and settled in Ireland: where, by the recommendation of the lord deputy Strafford, he was made bishop of Derry. At his coming to Ireland he found the revenues of the Church miserably wasted, and procured several acts of parliament for securing the ecclesiastical revenue; and, not stopping at the preventing future encroachment, he regained the rights of the Church by argument, law, and purchase; got fee farms surrendered, and recovered between thirty and forty thousand pounds per annum in four years time. To conclude: at the Restoration he was made archbishop of Armagh, and speaker of the house of lords in the parliament at Dublin. To take leave of his memory, he was very considerable in the argumentative part of learning, a great controversial divine, a good governor and statesman, and furnished with courage |