I. Fuller's of Cam chaplains, reports they had longer time afterwards given them. CHARLES But no leisure for recollection could reconcile them to this compliance: the covenant was generally refused, the non-com- Hist. of the pliers turned out of their preferments, and ordered to quit the University university within three days. In Queen's college they made a bridge, thorough reformation: the master, all the fellows, and scholars deinc. were turned out; for here they could not debauch so much as a single member of the foundation. The masters or heads of the following colleges were ejected, viz. p. 167. et 1. Peter-house.-Dr. John Cosens, dean of Peterborough, Heads and prebendary of Durham. 2. Clare-hall.-Dr. Thomas Pask, archdeacon of London. 5. King's-college.-Dr. Samuel Collins, the king's professor. 6. Queens'-college.-Dr. Edward Martin, chaplain to archbishop Laud. 7. Catharine-hall.—Ralph Brownrigge, bishop of Exeter. 8. Jesus-college.-Dr. Richard Stern, chaplain to archbishop Laud. 9. St. John's-college.-Dr. William Beale, chaplain to the king. 10. Trinity-college.-Dr. Thomas Cumber, dean of Carlisle. 11. Emanuel-college.-Dr. Richard Holdsworth, archdeacon of Huntingdon. 12. Sidney-college.-Dr. Samuel Ward (in effect but a prisoner) died a natural death. To this list may be subjoined some other misfortunes suffered by the university: The soldiers were quartered in their colleges, their chapels plundered and defaced, the Common Prayer-books torn in St. Mary's before the coming out of the suppressing ordinance. Their bridges were broken, their materials for building seized, their groves felled; and, which was almost an irreparable damage, a choice collection of antiquity in coins and medals, weighing twenty-two pounds, was plundered from St. John's college. And for a further mortification, their estates, formerly exempted, were taxed, and the assessment proportioned by the townsmen. To proceed: a general assembly met at Edinburgh on the 4th of August this summer. Two of the Scotch com 854. turned out of the university of Cambridge. The West locutor's speech to Gillespy, a Scotch mi commis sioner, at the Westminster assembly. missioners, Bailly and Gillespy, who sat with the divines at Westminster, produced a copy of the Confession of Faith made by the assembly at Westminster, part of their Catechism, the Directory, and Rouse's Paraphrase on the Psalms. Gillespy likewise laid a copy before them of the prolocutor's speech, made to him at his taking leave of the assembly at West minster. By the prolocutor's speech, it appears Gillespy had dropped minster pro- some suspicion of the English assembly's defection. The grounds for this imputation, the prolocutor endeavours to disprove. "He excuses the Directory's not being punctually obmister and served; complains the assembly have no power to call offenders to account; and that the Lord was pleased still to exercise them with many wrestlings.' He confesses their affairs are very much embarrassed, and that they are, as it were, in a chaos at present. He takes notice what distress the parliament was formerly in; that the common enemy, (meaning the king) was high and strong; and that their extraordinary success was owing to the prayers of their brethren of Scotland, and other Protestants abroad. He makes an apology for their not returning an answer to several letters sent them from the Edinburgh assembly. And here he puts Gillespy in mind of the restraints they lie under from the parliament: and that this was no proper juncture to apply for leave, it being a time of Archibald general darkness and sad apprehension." Their meaning is, they were afraid the Independents would top them, pull their scheme in pieces, and set up their own fancies; which happened accordingly. MS. penes Honorab. Campbel. Armig. of the West- attested by The next day, this Mr. George Gillespy gave the Scotch Adoniram assembly a letter from the Churches of Zurich, Berne, Basil, Byfield, and Schaffhausen, in Switzerland, directed to the assembly at Edinburgh. clerk or actuary to the assembly, August 7, 1647. In the beginning of their letter they profess a hearty The Swiss friendship and strong sympathy with the Scotch Covenanters, Protestants and regret the civil commotions. A great part of their letter general is spent in lamenting the misfortune of the elector palatine, Edinburgh, and that his interest was no farther considered in the treaty at letter to the assembly at Munster. By the way, this elector palatine, for whom they solicit so earnestly, had deserted the king, his uncle, at York; notwithstanding his majesty had interposed so far in his nephew's behalf, and embroiled his affairs for his restitution : I. notwithstanding all the assistance given this elector and his CHARLES father, he left the king at York, transported himself to Holland, returned afterwards to England, caressed and joined the In the year two houses at Westminster, and sat in the assembly of Whitlock's divines. 1642. Memorials, p. 97. 103. et alib. To return. These Swiss take their leave with a prayer, MS. penes "That God would dispose the king to a reconciliation with the Archib. Scots, and their Church government." Campbel. Armig. And thus, notwithstanding his majesty's manifesto to justify the English hierarchy, to expose the innovations and dangerous practice of the Covenanters; notwithstanding this pre- See above. caution, these foreign Protestants close with the revolters, address them with respect, take them into intimacy and union, and make themselves a party to the British rebellion. About two months forward, the general assembly at Edinburgh appointed a fast throughout the kingdom, and assigned several reasons for this public humiliation. burgh assem They begin with a complaint, "That notwithstanding their The Edinsolemn engagement, a multitude of heinous sins abound every bly complain where in the land, and that they fall short of that sobriety, of apostacy in England. righteousness, and holiness, which becomes the Gospel. They suggest the great danger to religion and civil government, from the prevalency of the sectaries in England: and that this kingdom has made a fearful defection from the solemn league and covenant. They lament the distressful condition of those who are zealous for the work of God in England: that such good people are now oppressed by those, who, under the pretence of liberty, aim at no less than tyranny and arbitrary power. And, lastly, they instruct the people to pray, that Id. MS. et God would preserve the king from farther snares, ' and bow Rushworth's his heart to the obedience of his will in all those things that concern religion and righteousness." Hist. Coll. part 4. p. 644. byterians The reason of the Scotch complaining thus tragically of the apostacy in England, was occasioned by a surprising turn which happened in the beginning of June last. For when the Pres- June 4. byterian party had disabled the king in the field, and got him The Presinto their custody at Holdenby; when they had battered down ousted by the Independthe Church, ousted the greater part of the regular clergy, and ents." procured a settlement of their discipline from the two houses; 855. when they had surmounted so many difficulties, and thought their prosperity established; when they were thus far ad Memorials. part 4. vanced, they met with unexpected misfortune. For the two houses having brought the war to an end, and dismissed the Scots, resolved the disbanding a great part of the army. But these measures were by no means acceptable to some of the general officers. They were altogether unwilling to quit their commands, and lose the advantage of so much hazard and fatigue. These men therefore declared against disbanding, stood on their guard, and marched towards London, contrary to the orders of the two houses. After this, they proceeded more directly towards a rupture, and impeached eleven members of Whitlock's the house of commons of high treason. And being sensible Rushworth's how serviceable the king's person would be to them, they sent Hist. Coll. cornet Joice, with a party of horse, to bring his majesty to their head-quarters at Woburn, in Bedfordshire. Joice executed his commission, and succeeded in the attempt, without meeting with any resistance. And thus the Presbyterians having embroiled the kingdoms, kindled and carried on a calamitous war, during which, more seats were plundered and burnt, more Dugdale's churches robbed and profaned, more blood spilt, within the of the Trou- compass of four years; and, in short, more frightful scenes land, p. 553. opened of ravage, of slaughter and confusion, than had been acted in the long contest between the houses of York and Lancaster; the Presbyterians, I say, after having thrown their country into all this misery and convulsion, met with nothing but infamy and disappointment. For after having wrested the sword out of the king's hands, and brought the rebellion to their wishes, when they thought of nothing less than dividing the prey, and raising vast fortunes out of crown and church lands, their hopes were suddenly scattered, they were turned out of their scandalous acquisitions, and publicly exposed to contempt and scorn. For now the Independents forced them to retire from Westminster, seized their posts, and made themselves masters, upon the matter, both in Church and State. But of this more afterwards. Short View bles of Eng et deinc. As for religion, it was in no better condition than civil interest: the Presbyterians preached up the purity and the power, till they left neither. I shall make a report of this inatter from an eminent champion for the cause: it is Edwards, who wrote the " Gangræna; a book in which the errors, From 1642 heresies, blasphemies, and lewd practice, which broke out in the last four years are recited. This divine, in his dedication to 1646. I. to both houses, sets forth how firm he had been to their ser- CHARLES vice, and how forwardly he had engaged when their affairs were most unpromising. He tells them he had laid out his fortune, and exposed his person in the pulpit and the field; and all this when some of the grandees were ready to disengage and shift for themselves. A man thus well affected, we may be sure would not make things worse than they were, nor paint the new reformation in the harshest complexion. Let us hear then what account the gentleman gives of this matter. of heresies, tained since of the re “Things every day," says he, "grow worse and worse; you Abundance can hardly imagine them so bad as they are. No kind of blasphemies, blasphemy, heresy, disorder, and confusion, but it is found &c.mainamong us, or coming in upon us. For we, instead of reforma- the beginning tion, are grown from one extreme to another; fallen from bellion. Scylla to Charybdis; from popish innovations, superstitions, and prelatical tyranny, to damnable heresies, horrid blasphemies, libertinism, and fearful anarchy. Our evils are not removed and cured, but only changed: one disease and devil hath left us, and another as bad is come in the room. Yea, this last extremity into which we are fallen, is far more high, violent, and dangerous, in many respects, &c. Have we not a deformation, and worse things come in upon us than ever we had before? Were any of those monsters heard of heretofore, which are now common among us, as denying the Scriptures, &c.? You have broken down the images of the Trinity, Virgin Mary, Apostles; and we have those who overthrow the doctrine of the Trinity, oppose the divinity of Christ, speak evil of the Virgin Mary, and slight the Apostles. You have cast out the bishops and their officers, and we have many that cast down to the ground all ministers in all the reformed Churches. You have cast out ceremonies in the sacraments, as the cross, kneeling at the Lord's Supper; and we have many who cast out the sacraments of baptism and the Lord's Supper. You have put down saints' days, and we have many who make nothing at all of the Lord's-day and fast-days. You have taken away the superfluous, excessive maintenance of bishops and deans, and we have many that take away and cry down. the necessary maintenance of ministers. In the bishops' days we had singing of psalms taken away in some places, conceived |