Boiler, forms of, most convenient, 255. The waggon boiler adopted by
Watt, 255. Furnace, 256. Method of feeding, 257. Combustion
of gas in flues, 260. Mr. Williams's method of consuming the un-
burned gases which escape from the grate, and are carried through
the flues, 260. Construction of grate and ash-pit, 261. Magnitude
of heating surface of boiler, 262. Capacity of, must be proportioned
to the quantity of water to be evaporated, 263. Water-space and
steam-space in boiler, 263. Proportion of water-space in the boiler,
how to be regulated, 264. Position of flues, 264. Method of feed-
ing, 265. The magnitude of the feed should be equal to the quan-
tity of water evaporated, 265. Different methods for indicating the
level of the water in the boiler, 266. Level guages, 266. Self-
regulating feeder, 267. Another method of arranging, 269. Steam
gauge, 270. Thermometer gauge, 271. Barometer gauge, 272. The
indicator to measure the mean efficient force of the piston invented by
Watt, 274. The counter contrived by Watt, 278. Safety valve, 279.
Fusible plugs used in high pressure boilers, 280. Self-regulating
damper, 281. Self-regulating furnace invented by Brunton, 283.
Duty of a boiler, 294. Boilers of locomotive engines, 351. Con-
struction of the boiler of Gurney's steam carriage, 423. All boilers
require occasional cleansing, 427. Gurney's method of removing
crust of deposited matter in boilers, 427. The boiler of Dr. Church's
engine formed of copper, 439. Boilers in marine engines, 449.
Effects of sea-water in, 450. Remedies for them, 451. Substitution
of copper for iron, 460. Expedient of coating boilers with felt, ap-
plied by Watt, 463.
Booth, Mr., his report on locomotive engines, 361.
Boulton and Watt's experiments on the horse power of engines, 288.
Branca, Giovanni, his machine for propelling a wheel by a blast of
steam, 22.
Brindley (James) obtains a patent for improvements in atmospheric
engine, 76. Undertook to erect an engine at Newcastle-under-Lyne,
76. Discouraged by the obstacles thrown in his way, 76.
Brougham, Lord, his sketch of Watt's character, 313. Inscription from
the pen of, on Watt's monument in Westminster Abbey, 320.
Buffers, 404.
Cartwright's engine to use the vapour of alcohol to work the piston, 245.
His piston, 247.
Cawley and Newcomen obtain a patent for the atmospheric engine,
64.
Champion applies atmospheric engine to raise water, 181.
Chapman, Messrs., their locomotive engine, 337.
Chlorine introduced in bleaching by Watt, 310.
Church, Dr., his steam engine, 439. The boiler formed of copper,
439.
Coals, the virtues and powers which steam has conferred upon, 6. The
amount of labour a bushel of performs by means of the steam en-
gine, compared with horse power, 7. Constituents of, 252. Process
of combustion, 252.
Coal mines, apprehensions as to the possibility of the exhaustion of
groundless, 8.
Cocks, friction on, 240.
Cocks and valves, 227.
Combustion of gas in flues, 260.
Condensation by injection, accidental discovery of, 69.
Condensation in the cylinder incompatible with a due economy of fuel,
Condensing principle, circumstance which led to Savery's discovery of,
47.
Condensing pipe in Savery's engine, 52.
Condensing out of the cylinder, 120.
Condensing jet, 191.
Conical steam valves, 228.
Conversion of ice into water, 103. Of water into steam, 105.
Copying press invented by Watt, 302.
Cornish system of inspection, 297.
Cornish engines, improvement of, 298.
Historical detail of the duty
Cylinders, Wilkinson's machine for accurately boring the insides of,
149.
Dalton and Gay-Lussac, law of, relating to the pressure of elastic
bodies, 171.
Dixon, Mr. The substitution of brass for copper tubes in locomotive
engines ascribed to him, 370.
Eccentric, 225. Two expedients to reverse the position of, 379.
Effect of an engine, 285.
Elastic fluids. The law according to which the pressure of, increases
with their temperature, discovered by Dalton and Gay-Lussac, 171.
Evaporation of water and other liquids, physical and mechanical prin-
ciples connected with, 97.
Expansion of common steam, effects of, 173.
Expansive action of steam, 159. Stated by Watt in a letter to Dr.
Small, 157. Its principle explained, 158. Mechanical effect result-
ing from it, 161. Computed effect of cutting off steam at different
portions of the stroke, 162. Involves the condition of a variation in
the intensity of the moving power, 163. Expedients for equalising
the power, 164. The expansive principle in the engines constructed
by Boulton and Watt, limited, 165. Its more extensive application
in the Cornish engines, 165. Methods of equalising, 174. Descrip-
tion of Hornblower's engine for this purpose, 174.
Expansive principle, application of in marine engines, 466.
Farey on the steam engine, quotation from, relative to Savery's engine,
58.
His evidence before the House of Commons, 435.
Field, construction of his split paddle, 478.
Fitch and Rumsey, their attempts to apply the single-acting engine to
the propulsion of vessels, 489.
Fluids, of two kinds, 25. Mechanical properties of, 25. Elastic, 27.
Experimental proof that they press equally in all directions, 41.
Fly-wheel, 205.
Four-way cock, 239. Disadvantages of, 240.
Fuel, means of economising, in marine furnaces, 463.
Fulton and Livingstone, their experiments in steam navigation, 489.
Fulton's first boat, 490.
Furnace, self-regulating, invented by Brunton, 283.
Fusible plugs used in high-pressure boilers, 280.
Galloway, his paddle-wheel described, 476.
Gay-Lussac and Dalton, law of, relating to the pressure of elastic
bodies, 171.
Governor, adaptation of, 209.
Gradients, restrictions on, 411. Disposition of, should be uniform, 415.
Great Western Railway, Dr. Lardner's experiments on, 408.
Griff, proposals to drain a colliery at, mentioned by Desaguliers, 64.
Gurney's steam carriage, 423. Construction of the boiler of, 423.
His method of removing crust of deposited matter in boilers, 427.
His experiments on common roads, 432.
Hall, his condensers described, 458.
Hancock, his steam carriage, 436. In what manner it differs from
that of Gurney, 437.
Harris, Dr., mentions Savery's engine in his "Lexicon Technicum,"
56.
Heat, effects of upon water, 29. Waste of in atmospheric engine, 89.
An examination of the analogous effects produced by the continued
application of, to water in the liquid state, 102. Radiation of, 254.
Heating by steam brought forward by Watt, 303.
"Hecla," experiments with the, 412.
Hero of Alexandria, description of his machine, 12.
High pressure engines described, 321. One of the earliest forms of the
steam engine, 322. Obscurely described in the "Century of Inven-
tions," 322. Construction of the first, by Messrs. Trevethick and
Hooke exposes the fallacy of Papin's project, 64.
Horse carriages compared with steam, 435.
Horse power of steam engines, 288.
Smeaton's estimation of, 288.
Boulton and Watt's experiments on, 288.
Howard's description of his marine engine, 464.
Hudson, the, navigated by steam, 491.
Hull, Jonathan, his application of the steam engine to water wheels,
180.
Humphrey. His marine engine described, 470.
Huskisson, Mr., death of, 329.
Hydrogen, 253.
India, steam navigation to, 483.
Indicator invented by Watt, 274.
Jeffrey, Lord; his sketch of the character of Watt, 315.
Kinneal, description of Watt's experimental engine at, 131.
Lardner's, Dr., experiments on the Manchester Railway in 1832, 357.
His experiments in 1838, 406. Experiments on the Great Western
Railway, 408.
Leupold's engine, description of, 323.
Linen, machine for drying by steam, invented by Watt, 303.
Liverpool and Manchester railroad, effects of the introduction of steam
transport on, 329. Want of experience in the construction of the
engines, 329. Death of Mr. Huskisson, 329. Proceedings of the
directors, 342. Premium offered by them for the best engine, 344.
Experimental trial, 344.
Livingstone and Fulton, experiments of in steam navigation, 489.
Locomotive engine, history of, 328. Blinkensop's engine, 337.
Chapman's engine, 337. Walking engine, 337. Mr. Stephenson's
engine at Killingworth, 339. Defect of, 341. Description of the
"Rocket," 345. The "Sanspareil," 347. The "Novelty," 349.
Superiority of the "Rocket," 350. Subsequent improvements in the
locomotive engine, 352. Table, showing the economy of fuel gained
by subdividing the flue into tubes, 354. Engines constructed in the
form of the "Rocket" subject to two principal defects, 354. These
defects remedied, 355. Improved by the adoption of a more
contracted blast pipe, 356. Dr. Lardner's experiments in 1832,
357. Adoption of brass tubes, 361. Mr. Booth's report, 361.
Detailed description of the most improved locomotive engines, 364.
Substitution of brass for copper tubes ascribed to Mr. Dixon, 370.
Mr. Stephenson constructed the driving wheels without flanges, 383.
Pressure of steam in the boiler limited by two safety-valves, 402.
Buffers, 404. Steam whistle, 404. Water tank, 404. Power of
locomotive engines, 405. Evaporation of boilers, 406. Dr. Lard-
ner's experiments in 1838, 406. Resistance to railway trains, 407.
Dr. Lardner's experiments on the Great Western Railway, 408.
Restriction on gradients, 411. Experiment with the "Hecla," 412.
Disposition of gradients should be uniform, 415. Method of sur-
mounting steep inclinations, 415. Steam carriages on common roads,
419. Difference between steam engines on railways and those used
to propel carriages on turnpike roads, 422. Gurney's steam carriage,
423. Construction of the boiler of, 423. Escape of steam from the
engines on the Liverpool road, 428. Blowing-box, 429. Separator,
430. Difficulties in the practical working of steam carriages upon
common roads, 432. Gurney's experiments on common roads, 432.
Prejudice against locomotive engines on common roads, 432. Not
more destructive to roads than carriages drawn by horses, 433. Re-
port of the committee of the House of Commons, 433. Weight of
steam carriages, 433. Two methods of applying locomotives upon
common roads, 434. Horse carriages compared with, 435. Farey's
evidence before the House of Commons, 435. Risk of accident from
explosion extremely slight, 435. Hancock's steam carriage, 436. In
what manner it differs from that of Gurney, 437. Ogle's steam
carriage, 438. His evidence before the House of Commons, 439.
Dr. Church's steam engine, 439.
The boiler of formed of copper,
Lunar Society, Boulton and Watt leading members in, 302.
Marine engines, form and arrangement of, 441. Difference between
marine and land engines, 443. Engine-room, arrangement of, 446.
Boilers in, 449. Effects of sea-water on boilers, 450. Remedies
for them, 451. Blow-off cocks, 452. Indicators of saltness, 452.
Seaward's indicator, 454 His method of blowing out, 454. Method
of Maudslay and Field to preserve freshness of water in the boiler,
456. Brine pumps, 457. Tubular condensers applied by Mr.
Watt, 457. Hall's condensers, 458. Substitution of copper for
iron boilers, 461. Process of stoking, 462. Marine furnaces, 463.
Expedient of coating boilers with felt applied by Watt, 463. Means
of economising fuel, 463. Description of Howard's engine, 464.
Application of the expansive principle in marine engines, 466. Re-
cent improvements of Messrs. Maudslay and Field, 467. Humphrey's
engine, 470. Common paddle-wheel, 472. Defect of, 474. Feather-
ing paddles, 474. Galloway's paddle-wheel, 476. Field's split
paddle, 478. Proportion of power to tonnage, 480.
Mariotte's law relating to pressure, 171.
Maudslay and Field, their method to preserve the requisite freshness of
water in the boiler, 456. Brine pumps, 457. Recent improvements
of in marine engines, 466.
Metallic pistons, 244. Cartwright's engine, 245. An improved form
given to by Barton, 248.
Mill work, Stewart's application of the steam engine to, 182.
Mines, the drainage of, Watt endeavours to bring to perfection the ap-
plication of the steam engine to, 178.
Mississippi and its tributaries, 499. Steam-boats on, 500. Their
structure and machinery, 500.
Morland, Sir Samuel, his application of steam to raise water, 34. The
reputed inventor of several ingenious contrivances, 34. His work
in French upon the raising of water, 35. Extract from it, 35.
Evelyn's account of his visit to, 36.
Murray's slide-valve, 229.
Newcomen, Thomas, the reputed inventor of the atmospheric engine,
62. His acquaintance with Dr. Hooke, 62. Acquainted with
Papin's writings, 64. The merits of his engine ascribed principally
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