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ter, in many instances, vowels are omitted where they ought to have been introduced, and a row of consonants put together, which no native could pronounce; for instance, in the word "sumthing."

The third proof I would present, is the general style, and idiom of the letter. In these respects it is exactly such a letter as an illiterate Englishman or American would write, and commences with a sentence which stands at the beginning of almost every vulgar letter in the English tongue. Had the letter been of Boki's own composition, this would not have been the fact. A national idiom would have been manifested at least occasionally. But from the beginning to the end there is not a thought, nor phrase, indicative of the Sandwich Islander. That you may judge of the force of this argument, I will give a translation of a letter to Mr. Bingham, written by Karaimoku, brother of Boki, and Regent of the islands, on hearing of the opposition of foreigners to the missionaries, and their accusations against them. "Love to you Mr. Bingham-*

But it is not necessary, Sir, to have recourse to the internal evidences of the production to prove that Boki never wrote it. The point is at once settled by the fact, that Boki could not at the time the letter is dated, either speak, write or understand English, nor can he at the present time. In all his intercourse with English and American visiters, he is obliged to resort to an interpreter, and even so recently as last December, was incapable of detecting the misinterpretation of a single sentence in English, spoken before him, in an interview with Capt. Jones, of the U. S. ship Peacock, and wrongly interpreted by design. The letter cannot be ge

• We omit this letter, as we find it the same which we gave in our June num ber, and to which our readers can easily

turn.-EDITOR.

nuine, for without a miracle, equa! to the gift of tongues, he could net have written it.

If he did not write it-it is a forgery. If it is not the production of a native, and it is impossible that it ever could have been, then it is the attempt of a foreigner, ignorant of the genius and idiom of the language of the islanders, to write as he might suppose a native, imperfectly acquainted with the English language, would write. The manifest and only disguise of the whole piece is bad spelling:-no man capable of writing at all, or who was ever taught to spell, could have fallen into the orthography exhibited. If it is an attempt at bad spelling, it is an attempt to deceive; and, if an attempt to deceive, it is a base forgery.

It is possible, however, that Boki may have been induced to sign a letter which he could neither read nor understand; and the original signature may be his own. There is every reason to believe, that Boki was entirely friendly to the mission, at the time when the letter purports to have been written. We know, however, that ten months afterwards, through the unceasing and determined misrepresentations and perversion of foreigners, who from the situations they hold at the islands would naturally have influence with the chiefs, he did openly and directly, to the missionaries themselves, express a dissatisfaction with their preaching, because they in their public instructions discountenanced gambling and drunkto believe these vices honourable in enness; he having been persuaded men of rank. There are circumstances which make it highly probable, that the letter pretended to be written by him, was fabricated at this period, but ante-dated for reasons connected with the greater probable success of the imposition. At all events, the letter did not leave the islands till about that period, for it was sent by a vessel of

the British Consul, which then sailed for Valparaiso, and was there put on board the Cambridge 74, to be carried to England.

The manifestation of Boki's displeasure referred to, was followed in the course of a few weeks by a publick written acknowledgment to the missionaries, of the rectitude of all their proceedings; and by an expression of regret for the part he had in that instance taken.

If Boki should prove unfriendly to the mission, it will only be through the pernicious efforts of foreigners opposed to the moral influence of Christianity. And he was at the last intelligence, the only one among

the high chiefs, whose friendship was doubtful.

These, sir, are the only strictures I would offer, on the article in the London Quarterly Review.

Yours, &c. &c. C. S. STEWART, Late of Sandwich Mission. Perhaps we ought to close our review of the British Quarterlywith these letters of Mr. Stewart. We are inclined however to make a few additional remarks, which shall be given in our next number.

[We again find our space so occupied, that we must omit "Short Notices of Recent Publications," for the present month. It is our purpose to make up our past deficiencies in this article, in our next number.]

Literary and Philosophical Intelligence, etc.

The collection of Ethiopick, Arabick, and other oriental manuscripts obtained by the traveller, Bruce, in Egypt and Abyssinia, was lately put up to auction in London; but there being no advance upon the reserve of 5000l., at which it was put up, it was bought in for the proprietor. It consists of nearly one hundred volumes. Among the biblical manuscripts is an Ethiopick version of the Old Testament, in five volumes, made from manuscripts used by the Greek Church at Alexandria, at a remote but unknown period. It includes the Book of Enoch, which was first brought into Europe by Mr. Bruce. There are also in this collection, two copies of the four Gospels in Ethiopick, the Epistles and Acts of the Apostles on vellum; and the Song of Solomon, in all the principal languages of the Abyssinian empire, with a vocabulary in each dialect. This MS. is considered a valuable accession to philological literature. Among the historical MSS. is the celebrated Chronicle of Axûm, on vellum. It professes to have been compiled from materials or records found by Damâtious, Bishop of Rome, in the church of St. Sophia, and read at the first council of Nice to the 313 fathers assembled there. There is also a very ancient Coptick MS. on papyrus, said to have been found in the ruins near Thebes, in the former residence of some Egyptian monks.

In a cavern lately discovered in the Mendip Hills (Eng.) in Somersetshire, in a bold mural front of limestone, have been found a quantity of bones, which are stated, by Professor Buckland, to have belonged to

the elephant, rhinoceros, ox, horse, bear, hog, hyæna, fox, pole-cat, water-rat, mouse, and birds. Nearly all the bones of the larger species were gnawed and splintered, and evidently of ancient fracture. The cavern is conjectured to have been a hyæna's den, similar to Kirkdale and Kent's hole. The bones of the extinct species of hyæna are very abundant.

In a wet loam, there was an innumerable quantity of birds' bones only. These professor Buckland supposes to have been introduced by foxes.

Dr. Barry, an English physician, settled at Paris, has advanced that absorption depends upon atmospherick pressure; and that by removing this pressure-for example, with a cupping glass-poisons applied to wounded parts, such as the bite of a snake or rabid animal, will not be introduced into the system. He also maintains, that even after a part of the poison has been absorbed, and has begun to produce its effects upon the system, the application of a cupping-glass will arrest its further influence. His inquiries are favourably spoken of by the French faculty of medicine.

A correspondent in an Indian newspaper makes the following observations on the atmosphere of the Neelgherr Mountains. "The great extent to which the sound of the voice is conveyed may be mentioned in proof of the extreme rarity of this atmosphere. I have heard the natives carry on conversations from one hill to another, and that apparently without any extraordinary effort. When lis

tening to them I have often been remind ed of those passages of Holy Writ, where it is recorded that Jotham addressed the ungrateful men of Shechem from Mount Gerizim (Judges ix. 7-20); that David cried "from the top of an hill afar off" to Abner and to the people that lay about their master Saul (1 Sam. xxvi. 13); and that Abner addressed Joab from "the top of an hill." (2 Sam. ii. 25, &c.) In the dense atmosphere of England, and even in the purer air of the plains of India, it is not easy to imagine how a discourse could have been carried on at so great a distance, and from such an eminence; but on the Neelgherries the portions of sacred history, to which I have referred, receive a striking illustration. It is worthy of remark also, in proof of the rarity of the atmosphere, that the heavenly bodies appear with much greater brilliancy than when viewed from the plain. The planet Venus gives as much light as the moon in her quarters."

A stop has happily been put to the perpetuity of slavery at St. Helena, by the noble resolutions which the proprietors of slaves there adopted in the year 1818; by which children born subsequently to that period were declared free. Just published in Philadelphia, in a neat octavo, the third volume of Dugald Stew art's Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind, which that celebrated philo

sopher and writer issued, a few months ago, at Edinburgh. The accomplished and venerable author promises to print, in the course of the next winter, his Inquiries into the Active and Moral Powers of Man, a work upon which he has been long employed, at intervals.

A work, entitled the National Preacher, in monthly numbers, was commenced in New York more than a year since, intended as a repository for the discourses of the orthodox divines of the United States. Within a short time, a similar publication, entitled the Liberal Preacher, has been issued in New Hampshire, supplied from And now, Mr. William Collier, of Boston, the manuscripts of the heterodox clergy. proposes to issue a work under the title of the Baptist Preacher, to contain the flower and choice of the discourses delivered by living Baptist ministers in this

country.

Calamine.--Large quantities of calamine or the ore of zinc have lately been discovered by Messrs. Frost and Le Sueur,

at the lead mines in Missouri. This is an article of great importance and value, being one of the ingredients in the compo sition of brass, and it also furnishes the article called spelter, used in soldering tin, and other metals. The miners in Missouri were ignorant of its nature and uses, and threw it aside under the name of dry bone.

Heligious Intelligence.

A BIBLE IN EVERY FAMILY.

The Bible Societies of New Jersey are organizing measures, to furnish every family in that state with a copy of the Holy Scriptures, within a year. This noble enterprise had its origin in the Nassau Hall Bible Society-The measure has already been demonstrated to be practicable, and we doubt not will be carried into complete effect. Similar measures are beginning to be adopted in other places. We hope they will be entered into with spirit, in every part of the American Union. In every part (we make no exception) there are many families yet destitute of a Bible. It is high time they were supplied; we are able to supply them

the duty is imperative on us, and to those who receive the supply, the favour conferred is un

speakable-connected, it may be, with an eternal benefit. But this is not all-The example may be of incalculably beneficial influence throughout Christendom. Nor is this the whole. When our own country is supplied, we may turn the full tide of our benevolenceapply nearly all our funds-to the supply of the destitute in other regions-particularly in the southern part of our country, where there are millions who never saw a Bible, and who are now ready to receive it.

REPORT OF THE BOARD OF MISSIONS

TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF 1827.

By inspecting the appendix to the printed Minutes of the General Assembly, for 1826, it will be seen, that at the time of had made thirty-nine missionary appointtheir publication, the Board of Missions ments. These appointments were spread

over places in twelve different States and in one Territory. Subsequently to that time, twelve other appointments were made.

Reports have been received from the following missionaries.

The Rev. Silas Pratt fulfilled his mission of two months within the bounds of the Presbytery of Ontario, in aid of the Geneseo First Church. "Whilst engaged in the service of the Board, I have," he remarks, "baptized fifteen infants. Eight persons have become hopeful subjects of divine grace, and are as yet the exemplary followers of Jesus Christ. I have formed an extensive acquaintance with the people, their situation and wants, explored the town of Conesus, which is so much a waste place, that I was informed a Presbyterian minister has never spent a Sabbath there. I have often been called to the bedside of the sick and the dying; where I have endeavoured to instruct the alarmed and ignorant; and to comfort the enlightened and faithful. Within my range, there has been an unusual number of families in the deepest affliction."

Of an old lady, between sixty and seventy years of age, who was sick, he says "I preached Christ to her. She was enlightened, she gave evidence of faith in the promise, and dependance upon the righteousness of Christ for her justification. The effect was peace, joy, gratitude to God, and gratitude to me her teacher.

"Geneseo First Church, is now gaining strength; it is now, I understand, making exertions with success, to employ a Missionary one half his time."

The Rev. Isaac Clinton laboured two months within the bounds of the presbytery of St. Lawrence. He organized a church, and ordained three elders in another; admitted two persons to the Lord's supper, and baptized four children. Speaking of his labours in the church at Watson, he says, "The meetings were well attended, solemn and interesting. Many were deeply affected." "One of the Elders of the church at Watson came to me, and requested the favour of my coming among them again. As I had before given them encouragement, and especially as a num ber of persons in that settlement were under strong conviction and deep concern for salvation, I immediately set out the third time, and had a precious season there."

The Rev. Matthew Harrison, who was commissioned to labour three months in the Societies in Courtland and Broome counties, in the state of New York, to which he ministered the preceding year, made such arrangements with the two societies in Scott and Harrison, that he served them six months instead of three. Besides visiting all the families in these so

cieties, and attending the sick and the dying, he administered the Lord's supper eight times, baptized three adults and six infants, and received into the communion five on profession of their faith and one on certificate. Thus, says he, have the people been kept together and sustained by your fostering hand under the blessing of God.

The Rev. Asa Messer has reported the fulfilment of his mission of two months in Essex county, New York. He preached thirty sermons, attended one church meeting and several conferences, visited 150 families, and distributed about 700 pages of tracts.

The Rev. Charles Webster has fulfilled his mission of three months on missionary ground, in the vicinity of the congregation of Hempstead, Long Island. "It is a little more," he says, "than a year that the great Head of the church sent the Rev. Mr. Nettleton to Jamaica, and succeeded his efforts with his richest mercy in awakening and converting many who were before in the gall of bitterness and in the bonds of iniquity.' During this period, my hopes were excited frequently, and as frequently disappointed, for there was scarcely a single instance of inquiring, and I believe not one of conversion for many months. But while we were humbled, God was preparing to glorify himself in the salvation of some of these people, and about the last of November, we began to perceive that the Holy Spirit was moving on the hearts of many, and in a short time fifteen or twenty were awakened to the all important concerns of their souls; inquiring meetings were appointed, and at our communion in January, six were received on confession of their faith in Christ. The attention continued, and at our second communion in April, eleven more were received, who gave and continue to give the most satisfactory evidence, that they have been renewed in the temper and disposition of their minds.' Many more continue anxious, some of whom entertain the hope that Christ is formed within them.' Owing to the sparse nature of the congregation and the distance many reside from the church, I was not able to labour with that advan

tage to the converts that I could have wished, nor with so much ease or comfort to myself. Had these instances occurred all in one particular and compact neighbourhood, it would have appeared more like a revival of religion than it does when spread over so large a field. But though we have not spoken of this work as a general revival, yet we have learned not to despise the day of small things, but to rejoice and bless God for what he hath done, and to pray that

he will not take away his Holy Spirit from us, but continue his sacred influence and awaken sinners all around to come and fill the place of his sanctuary as inquirers after Zion, with their faces thitherward, weeping as they go.

"In closing this report I would mention that Bible and catechetical instruction is regularly administered to the youth. Meettings for prayer are held weekly in several parts of the congregation and its vicinity. The Bible and Tract associations are continued with increasing interest and usefulness. I have fulfilled the appointment of three months' missionary service. Beside preaching in the church and village regularly, I have delivered sixty-seven discourses in the field, particularly known as missionary ground; and would be willing, should the Board think best, to have the appointment renewed for the same length of time."

Mr. Joseph M. Ogden spent five months in missionary labour alternately at King ston and Conyngham town, Luzerne county, Pennsylvania. In that time he preached 64 times, and paid particular attention to Sabbath schools and Bible classes and prayer meetings.

He represents religion in Westmoreland, a place which he visited three times, as being in a comparatively flourishing state. The almost universal cry," he says, "was, Why do not the Missionary Society send us a missionary? They surely must be unacquainted with our perishing state."

Of Conyngham town he says, "During the whole of my stay here, meetings have increased in numbers and in interest.

The way seems now to be opened for the formation of a Presbyterian church. A great anxiety is manifested to have preaching. Tell the society not to for get us, is the almost universal cry. In all my travels I have not found a more flou rishing field of labour. Every thing is to be done. The first elements of Christianity are to be taught. The character and habits of the people are to be formed.

The Rev. Burr Baldwin has reported the fulfilment of his mission. He laboured chiefly in Towanda and Wysox in Susquehanna county. His audiences were generally attentive and solemn. In regard to Towanda, he states, that the remark was frequently made to him by different individuals that the moral aspect of things was considerably changed since the commencement of his mission. One person, he says, has in this place indulged a hope, and two or three others have been under deep conviction, and a more than usual seriousness has been apparent among numbers.

In Wysox the state of things in the

church has greatly changed for the bet ter. There has been four hopeful conversions, doubting Christians have been established, and numbers become the subjects of religious impressions: but what the result will be, time must determine. He preached sixty times and attended fourteen prayer meetings, and made many family visits.

The Rev. John Rhoads reports the fulfilment of his mission of two months in Luzerne county, Pennsylvania. He preached twenty times.

The Rev. Moses Hunter laboured two months at the Painted Post and in the adjacent country. Besides preaching thirtyfive times, he organized two Sabbath schools and two Bible classes, assisted at the organization of one church, and baptized four households.

The Painted Post is in the midst of a region of country containing a population sufficient to employ four ministers, and wealth enough to support them.

Mr. John Stockton in his mission of two months along the line in the western part of New York and Pennsylvania, organized one Sabbath school, held four conference meetings, distributed between one and two thousand pages of tracts, and preached forty-nine sermons. Speaking of a service at Springfield, he says, "This was the most interesting assembly I have met with upon my tour. The Lord, I trust, was in the midst of us, melting the hard hearts of some and constraining them to come to Christ, inflaming the hearts of his children with love, and giving us unusual freedom in his service."

The Rev. Alexander Campbell has reported the fulfilment of his mission of three months, at Dover, Smyrna and Milford, on the Peninsula. His prospects of success in attempting to resuscitate those ancient, but almost dilapidated churches, is cheering not only to his own heart, but to many who have mourned over the desolations of Zion.

Mr. Samuel M'Farren, who was appointed to itinerate three months in Bedford and Somerset counties, Pennsylvania, laboured there but one month, and in that term he preached twenty-five times.

The Rev. Amos Chase performed his mission of two months in Warren county, Pennsylvania. He was instrumental in organizing a church of seventeen members on the field of his labours; and says that he was permitted to witness excitements of a serious and deep-felt character in different sections of the country in which he laboured. Mr. Chase was last year installed pastor of Oil Creek church, to serve half his time, and he has accepted a unanimous call from Centerville church, which he or

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