through which flow the rivers Senegal and Gambia, on which are many unhealthy European forts and settlements.

244. Sierra Leon, which includes Freetown, is an English settlement in Guinea, formed for the civilization of the interior of Africa.

Obs. This settlement was likely to produce the happiest effects among the natives, and in due time to be a powerful mean of effecting the civilization of Africa, and destroying what remains of the infamous slave-trade; but its design has been, in a great degree, perverted by craft and avarice.

245. Guinea is divided into the Grain, the Ivory, and the Gold, coasts: it formerly supplied Europeans with slaves. It contains the extensive kingdoms of Ashantee, Dahomy, and Benin. From the settlements in Guinea, elephants' teeth and gold-dust are exported.

246. Benin, Loango, Congo, Angola, and Benguela, present the most interesting objects in this vast extent of country, and are all peopled with half civilized blacks. On the coasts are several Portu

guese settlements.

247. Caffraria and the land of Hottentots extend to the territory of Good Hope, the most southerly part of Africa. The colony of Good Hope, now in a state of rapid improvement, was ceded to Great Britain by the treaty of 1814.

248. On the eastern side of Africa are Natal, Sabia, Sofala, and Mocaranga. Mosambique is a Portuguese colony. The coasts of Mosambique and Zanguebar are succeeded by the desert regions of Ajan and Adel, which complete the circuit of Africa. The countries on the eastern coast produce ivory, gold, ostrich feathers, ebony, and drugs.

249. In Africa there are several lakes and extensive morasses. The principal rivers are, the Nile, the Niger, the Gambia, the Zahir, and the Senegal. The Niger, after running more than eleven hundred miles almost due west, is supposed to lose itself in sandy deserts.

Obs. In truth, the interior of this vast continent is little known, although much information has been derived from the reports of several late and interesting expeditions.

250. In consequence of the periodical rains, the rivers of Africa overflow their banks annually from June to September, by which means they fertilize the country, and leave behind them, in canals prepared for the purpose, a sufficient quantity of water for the rest of the year.

251. The Atlas mountains of Marocco have been long celebrated; and the Mountains of the Moon are a lofty range, south of Darfur and Abyssinia.

252. The island of Madagascar is one of the largest in the world. Off the west of Africa is the rocky isle of St. Helena, an English colony, and a desirable port; become famous as the residence of the Emperor Napoleon. Off the eastern coast of Madagascar, is the French island Bourbon; and, to the eastward of the latter, is Mauritius, or the Isle of France, now belonging to Great Britain. The Cape Verde Islands are ten in number, and subject to the Portuguese, the two largest being St. Iago and St. Antonio.

253. More northerly are the Canary or Fortunate Islands among these is the famous Peak of Tenerife, two miles and a half in perpendicular height. The island of Madeira, the last that is considered as belonging to Africa, is famous for its wine and healthful climate.

GENERAL FACTS.

WORTHY OF BEING REMEMBERED.

About three parts of the surface of the Globe are covered with Water, and one with Land.

The land is divided into two Continents; the Eastern, or Old Continent, and the American, or New Continent.

The Water is divided into five great Oceans; the Northern, the Pacific, the Southern, the Indian, and the Atlantic.

Europe is the smallest quarter of the world, and America the largest.