The Language Web of Bhutan

addressee appears Bhutanese context Bhutanese educators Bhutanese languages bilingualism Bumthangkha chapter Chichewa Choekey code switching Crystal curriculum officers discussed domains of language dominant language Dzongkha and English Education Division educators and students ethnic languages findings Fishman foreign languages friends gender high school Hindi Holmes identified informal activities interaction interlocutors interviews K'iche Khengkha Kuensel language choice language competence language in Bhutan language maintenance language policy language shift language situation languages and dialects learning lingua franca linguistic behaviour linguistic imperialism Malawi matrix language medium of instruction minority languages multilingual communities multilingual society national identity national language negative Nepali NUD*IST number of speakers participant observation people's attitudes presented Punakha reading and writing religion reported research questions revealed role relations Sharchop social sociolinguists Spanish speak Dzongkha spoken standard language status Table talk teachers Thimphu Tshangla understand variety various languages vernacular Wardhaugh 1998 written