beth, not unmindful of her obligations to Feckenham, sent for him before her coronation, to consult and reward him; and, as it is said, offered him the archbishopric of Canterbury, provided he would conform to the laws; but this he refused. He appeared, however, in her first parliament, taking the lowest place on the bishop's form; and was the last mitred abbot that sat in the house of peers. During his attendance there he spoke and protested against every thing tending towards the reformation; and the strong opposition which he could not be restrained from making, occasioned his commitment to the tower in 1560. After nearly three years confinement there, he was committed to the custody of Horne bishop of Winchester: but having been old antagonists on the subject of the oath of supremacy, their present connection was mutually irksome, and Feckenham was remanded to the Tower in 1564. Afterwards he was removed to the Marshalsea, and then to a private house in Holborn. In 1571, he attended Dr. John Storie before his execution. In 1578 we find him in free custody with Cox bishop of Ely, whom the queen had requested to use his endeavours to induce Feckenham to acknowledge her supremacy, and come over to the church: and he was at length prevailed on to allow her supremacy, but could never be brought to a thorough conformity. Soon after, the restless spirit of some Roman catholics, and their frequent attempts upon the queen's life, obliged her to imprison the most considerable among them: upon which Feckenham was sent to Wisbich-castle in the Isle of Ely, where he continued a prisoner to the time of his death, which happened in 1585. As to his character, Camden calls him "a learned and good man, that lived long, did a great deal of good to the poor, and always solicited the minds of his adversaries to benevolence." Fuller styles him, "a man cruel to none; courteous and charitable to all who needed his help or liberality." Burnet says, "he was a charitable and generous man, whe lived in great esteem in England." And Dart concludes his account of him in these words: "though I cannot ga so far as Reyner, to call him a martyr; yet I cannot gather but that he was a good, mild, modest, charitable man, and a devout Christian."

Wood has given us the following catalogue of his works: 1. "A Conference dialogue-wise held between the lady Jane Dudley and Mr. John Feckenham, four days before

her death, touching her faith and belief of the sacrament, and her religion, 1554." In April 1554, he had been sent by the queen to this lady to commune with her, and to reduce her from the doctrine of Christ to queen Mary's religion, as Fox expresses it. The substance of this conference may be seen also in Fox's "Acts and Monuments of Martyrs." 2. "Speech in the house of lords, 1553." 3. "Two Homilies on the first, second, and third articles of the Creed." 4. "Oratio funebris in exequiis ducissæ Parmæ," &c. that is, "A funeral oration on the Death of the duchess of Parma, daughter of Charles V. and governess of the Netherlands." 5. "Sermon at the exequy of Joan queen of Spain, 1555." 6. The declaration of such scruples and staies of conscience, touching the Oath of Supremacy, delivered by writing to Dr. Horne, bishop of Winchester, 1566." 7." Objections or Assertions made against Mr. John Gough's Sermon, preached in the Tower of London, Jan. 15, 1570." 8. "Caveat emptor:" which seems to have been a caution against buying abbey-lands. He had also written, "Commentaries on the Psalms," and a"Treatise on the Eucharist," which were lost among other things. Thus far Wood: but another author mentions, 9. "A Sermon on the Funeral of queen Mary, on "Ecclesiastes iv. 2." 1

FEIJOO. See FEYJOO.

FEITHIUS (EVERARD), a learned German, was born at Elburg in Guelderland, in the sixteenth century. He studied philosophy for some time, and afterwards applied himself entirely to polite literature, in which be made a considerable progress. He was a master of the Greek tongue, and even of the Hebrew; of which the professors of the protestant university of Bern gave him an ample testimonial. Being returned to his own country, from which he had been long absent, he was under great consternation, on account of the expedition of the Spaniards commanded by Spinola. This determined him to leave his native country; and he went to settle in France, where he taught the Greek language, and was honoured with the friendship of Casaubon, of M. Du Puy, and of the presi dent Thuanus. When he was walking one day at Rochelle, attended by a servant, he was desired to enter into the

1 Biog. Brit.-Dodd's Ch. Hist.-Nash's Worcestershire.-Tindal's Hist. of Evesham.-Strype's Cranmer, pp. 258, 269, 335.—Ath. Ox, vol. 1. Warton's Life of sir T. Pope, &c. &c.

house of a citizen and after that day it could never be discovered what became of him, notwithstanding all the strictest inquiries of the magistrates. He was but young at the time of this most mysterious disappearing, "which," says Bayle, "is to be lamented; for if he had lived to grow old, he would have wonderfully explained most of the subjects relating to polite letters." This judgement is grounded upon his manuscript works, one of which was published at Leyden in 1677, by Henry Bruman, principal of the college at Swol, and the author's grand nephew, entitled "Antiquitatum Homericarum libri quatuor," 12mo. It is very learned, and abounds with curious and instructive observations. An edition of it was published in 1743, with notes, by Elias Stoeber, 8vo, at Strasburgh. There are other works of his in being, as, "De Atheniensium republica, De antiquitatibus Atticis," &c. which the editor promised to collect and publish; but we do not know that it was done.1

FELIBIEN (ANDREW), Sieur des Avaux et de Javerci, counsellor and historiographer to the king of France, was born at Chartres in 1619. He finished his first studies there at the age of fourteen, and then was sent to Paris to improve himself in the sciences, and in the management of affairs: but his inclination soon made him devote himself entirely to the muses, and he gained a great reputation by his knowledge in the fine arts. The marquis de Fon-. tenay-Mareuil, being chosen for the second time ambassador extraordinary to the court of Rome in 1847, Felibien was made secretary to the embassy, and perfectly answered the hopes which that minister had conceived of him. During his stay at Rome, his fondness for the liberal arts made him spend all the time he could spare in visiting those who excelled in them; and especially the celebrated Poussin, from whose conversation he learned to understand all that is most beautiful in statues and pictures : and it was according to the exalted notions he then formed to himself of the excellence and perfection of painting, that he wrote those valuable works which established his reputation. On his return from Italy he went to Chartres; and, as he designed to settle himself, he married a lady of considerable family. His friends introduced him afterwards to Fouquet, who would have done something for

Gen. Diet.-Moreri.-Saxii Onomast.

him had he not soon after lost the king's favour: but Colbert, who loved the arts and sciences, did not suffer him to be useless. After he had desired him to make some draughts for his majesty, in order to engage him to complete the works he had begun, he procured him a commission of historiographer of the king's buildings, superintendant of them, and of the arts and manufactures in France: this commission was delivered to him March 10, 1666. The royal academy of architecture having been established in 1671, he was made secretary to it. The king made him afterwards keeper of his cabinet of antiques, in 1673, and gave him an apartment in the palace of Brion. He was also one of the first members of the academy of inscriptions and medals, and became afterwards deputy comptroller general of the bridges and dykes of the kingdom. He died June 11, 1695, aged seventy-six; and left five children.

His chief works are, 1. "Entretiens sur les Vies et sur les Ouvrages des plus excellens Peintres anciens et modernes :" 1666-1688, 5 vols. 4to. 2. "Les Principes de l'Architecture, de la Sculpture, et de la Peinture, avec un dictionaire des termes propres de ces artes," 1676, and 1691, 4to. 3. "De l'origine de la Peinture, avec plusieurs pieces detachées," 1660. 4. "Several Descriptions, as that of Versailles, of Entertainments given by the king, and of several Pictures," collected into one vol. in 12mo. 5. "The Conferences of the royal academy of painting," in one vol. 4to. 6. "The Description of the Abbey de la Trappe," in 12mo. He also left some translations: viz. "An Account of what passed in Spain, when the count duke of Olivares fell under the king's displeasure," translated out of Italian; "The Castle of the Soul," written by St. Teresa, translated from the Spanish; "The Life of pope Pius V." translated from the Italian.

In all that he has written there appears sound judgment and good taste, but his "Dialogues upon the Lives of the Painters" is the work which has done him the greatest honour. His only fault is, that he is sometimes prolix and immethodical. Voltaire informs us, that he was the first who gave Lewis XIV. the surname of Great, in the inscriptions in the hotel-de-ville. Felibien had many good qualities, and, free from ambition, was moderate in his desires, and of a contented disposition. He was a man of probity, of honour, of piety. Though he was naturally

grave and serious, and of a hasty and somewhat severe temper, yet his conversation was generally chearful and lively. He was a steady advocate for truth; and he used to encourage himself in it by this motto, which he caused to be engraved on his seal, "Bene facere, et vera dicere,” that is, "To do good, and speak the truth." His biographers seem agreed that he lived in a constant practice of these two duties. 1

FELIBIEN (JOHN FRANCIS), son of the preceding, succeeded his father in all his places, and seemed to inherit his taste in the fine arts. He died in 1733. Some works written by him must not be confounded with those of his father: namely, 1." An historical Collection of the Lives and Works of the most celebrated Architects," Paris, 1687, 4to, frequently subjoined to his father's account of the painters. 2. "Description of Versailles, ancient and modern," 12mo. 3. "Description of the Church of the Invalids," 1706, fol. reprinted in 1756. There were also two more Felibiens, who were authors: JAMES, brother of Andrew, a canon and archdeacon of Chartres, who died in 1716, and had published, among other works, one entitled "Pentateuchus Historicus," 1704, 4to, part of which he was obliged afterwards to suppress, and consequently the uncastrated copies are most valued; and MICHAEL, another of his sons, a Benedictine of the congregation of St. Maur, who was born in 1666, and died in 1719. The latter wrote a history of the abbey of St. Denys, in folio, published in 1706; and began the history of Paris, which was afterwards continued and published by Lobineau.

FELICIANUS (JOHN BERNARDINE), a native of Venice, who flourished about the middle of the sixteenth century, established a great reputation at that time by his translations from Greek authors, a task which few, comparatively, were then able to perform. He translated, among others, the sixth book of Paul Ægineta, 1533; Aristotle's Ethics, Venice, 1541, fol.; "Alexandri Aphrodisiensis Commentarius in primum priorum Analyticorum Aristotelis," ibid. 1542, fol.; "Ammonii Hermeæ Comment. in Isagogen Porphyrii," ibid. 1545, 8vo; "Porphyrius de abstinentia animalium," ibid. 1547, 4to; and "Oecumenius in Acta et Epistolas Catholicas," Basil, 1552, 8vo. We have no

Gen. Dict.-Moreri.-Niceron, vols. II. and X. 2 Moceri. Dict. Hist.-Saxii Onomasticon.