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Such are the principal events, which occupy the attention of Capt. Francklin, in the course of a brief but perspicuous narrative; in which he had been recently anticipated by Capt. Scott. The importance of the publication before us, however, is considerably enhanced by a paper (Appendix 11.) containing a luminous, and (as we believe) the only account hitherto published, of the causes which, in 1794, involved the EastIndia Company in a war with the Rohillas. By those who know with what obstinacy the field was disputed, how long victory hung dubious, and with what loss it was ultimately atchieved, the narrative will be perused with no common interest.

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Fyzulla Khan, the respectable Jaghirdar of Rampûr, ended his days in 1794. The eldest son, Mahomed Ali, a man of unpopular manners, was treacherously put to death by his brother Golam Mahomed; who applied to the Vizier to be confirmed in the succession, offering to pay a considerable tribute in return. Asofeddawla was disposed to accede to this disgraceful proposal: but the English government determined to dispossess the fratricide. On the 26th October, a bloody engagement terminated in the defeat of the Rohillas, whilst the British had to regret a dear-bought victory, in the loss of 600 men and 14 officers, men of tried reputation in their profession, and who had fought under the banners of Coote and Cornwallis.' By the terms of pacification, the treasures of Fyzulla Khan were delivered up to the Vizier, who presented the English army with 11 lacs of rupees. Ahmed Ali, the infant son of the deceased Nuab, was invested with a Jaghir of 10 lacs, of which Rampûr is the capital

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To Capt. Francklin, as a writer, we wish to recommend more attention to correctness of expression, and more to discrimination of facts. A few examples will elucidate the propriety of our advice. They met the Mahrattas, were defeated, and fled to Jypur.' Who would imagine from this expression that it was the Mahrattas who were defeated? By them were exported into Cuttair,' &c.-This province (Seharunpûr) commences under the Sevalic hills, and is bounded (defended) on the north by the fortress of Ghos-ghor.' In all the maps that we have had an opportunity of examining, (including Capt. F.'s own,) Ghos-ghor is situated to the south of Seharunpûr.

A more important subject of animadversion occurs in the statements of the revenues of various districts incidentally mentioned, and of which a moment's reflection would have discovered the fallacy. 1st, The revenues of Cuttair are stated in the Imperial register at Delhi, to be five millions sterling,

though

though now yielding only 400,000l.' We have an authenticated copy of that register, for the reignsf Shah-gehan and of Mohammed Shah in which the Circars of Sumbul and Budaun, which constituted Cuttair, are valued at 76 lacs of rupees, or 760,000l. They were included in the Suba Shahgehanabad, the whole of which yielded, on a medium of ten years, during the former period, 2,85,79,424 rupees, or less than 3 millions sterling; and during the latter reign 3,78,21,232 rupees, or less than 4 millions sterling.

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2d, While the empire flourished, the revenues of the Agimere province were estimated at 26 millions.' We know not whether pounds sterling, or rupees, are here meant but we have the most perfect conviction that even in the latter case the sum is greatly over-rated. This Suba yielded in the reign of Shah-gohan $2,85,495 rupees on a medium of ten years, or 830,000 l.

3d, The revenues (of Jypûr) are estimated at 5 millions sterling. Col. Dow had stated them at 80 lacs, or 800,000l., and even this sum exceeds the truth: but can Captain Francklin seriously imagine that this small, and comparatively unfertile, tract of mountainous country yields a revenue greatly exceeding, in amount, that which the Company derive from all their territorial possessions in Bengal, Beliar, and Orissa?

This work, however, does farther credit to the industry and talents formerly manifested by Captain F. and is an acceptable present to those who interest themselves in Oriental affairs.

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ART. XII. The Satires of Persius. Translated by Wm. Drummond, Esq. M. P. Small 8vo. pp. 150. 48. Boards. Wright. THE Greeks are generally allowed to have excelled in epic, dramatic, and lyric poetry: but in satire, considered as a species of the poetic art, they must yield the palm to the Romans. For this superiority perhaps we might easily account, were this a proper place for such an investigation: but, at present, it may suffice to observe that the three great Roman satirists, Horace, Juvenal, and Persius, have been regarded as models worthy of the imitation of all succeeding poets, who have made the follies and vices of mankind the objects of their attention and censure. The first excelled in the delicacy and poignancy of his wit, and in an easy politeness and urbanity, almost peculiar to himself, united with the keenest discernment and most accurate observation :-the second is not less remarkable for the vigour of his thoughts and expressions; and for his ardent love of virtue, and detestation of vice, bursting

forth

forth in strains of indignant declamation against the horrid crimes that disgraced the age in which he lived.

Much has been written on the comparative merits of these two great poets;--and yet it might be observed, without giving offence to the partisan of either, that the artful ridicule and elegant raillery of Horace, by exposing to just contempt those incongruities, absurdities, and follies, which generally originate in vanity and are rather troublesome than mischievous, could not but have the happiest effects in regulating the manners and improving the conversation of the polite court of Augustus:but vice, when it appeared in all its deformity in the reign of Nero and Domitian, demanded different chastisement, and called forth the bold invective of Juvenal; who is moral, grave, splendid, and declamatory,--and to the wicked inexorably se

vere.

Persius, as a poet, is very inferior to Horace and Juvenal: he has been justly censured for his obscurity, his coarse metaphors, his extravagant hyperboles, and, in a word, for his total ignorance of elegant composition; yet, if Dr. Johnson said truly that the great use of books is to make us wiser and better, Persius is entitled to no small share of praise. The excellent moral and religious sentiments with which he abounds,-the effusions of a heart formed by the best philosophy,—deserve the applause of men of all ages and conditions; and surely no apology is necessary for introducing to the English reader a poet of whom the celebrated Mr. Harris* (of Salisbury) said, that " he was the only difficult Latin author that would reward the reader for the pains which he must take to understand him."

Mr. Drummond is not the first who has given an English version of Persius. Dryden, as is very well known, translated the whole of the six satires, with his usual ease, spirit, and carelessness and they were published with his Juvenal. It may be worthy of remark that the third satire was performed as an exercise at Westminster-school, and met with the approbation of the famous Dr. Busby.-Dr. Brews er likewise published a translation of Persius, which, we believe, appeared before the commencement of our Review: but we are not strangers to its excellencies. The Doctor possessed considerable learning and ingenuity, and perfectly understood the genius, style, and manner of his author; which he very happily copied.-Like some other translations, this has been too much neglected.

In speaking of the merits of Mr. Drummond's performance, we ought not to pass over his preface; which is extremely well written, and reflects great honour on his learning and taste.

* Author of Hermes, &c.

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The versification here presented to us is strong, flowing, and harmonious; and Mr. D., generally speaking, clearly expresses the meaning of the original: but it may be questioned whether he is not defective in that ease and vivacity, which seem to be the essence of satire, and in which Dryden particularly excelled. The following passage from the 5th satire will be read with pleasure, on account of the excellent instruction which it conveys; and it will also afford a fair specimen of the translation: Imagine not, while passions keep their sway, That you no master but yourself obey.

What though you've knelt beneath the prætor's wand,
And in your turn submissive slaves command:
Are there not tyrants which usurp your soul,
Divide your bosom, and your will control?
But hark, a voice ;-'tis Avarice that cries,
"The day advances fast, for shame, arise."
Back on his bed the drowsy sluggard falls;
Again he sleeps, again his tyrant calls.

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Arise, I say, arise." But what to do?

"Wealth through the world at every risk pursue.
Bring luscious wines from Coa's fruitful shores;
Transport from Asia half its vaunted stores;
Dare the wild wastes of Afric's sterile soil:
Thy camels load with Oriental spoil;
Defraud, deceive, make money if you can,
Nor think that Jove will disapprove the plan:
He who on earth for heaven alone shall live,
Will know full soon how much the gods can give."
Awhile the voice of Avarice prevails;

Already in your thoughts you spread the sails;

The famed Egean in your mind explore,

And brave the stormy Euxine's barbarous shore.
But still as on your downy bed you lie,

You hear the voice of Luxury reply.

"Whither, O madman, whither wouldst thou run;
Across what seas, beneath what sultry sun?

Is then thy bile so hot as to require
Whole urns of hemlock to assuage the fire;
A sparing supper canst thou stoop to eat,
Bad wine thy beverage, and a rope thy seat:
And this, to add a trifle to thy store,
And swell the sum, which was enough before?
Ah think, vain schemer, how the moments fly;
The instant now observed is time gone by.
Seize then the hour; thy way with roses strew;
Thy days make happy, for they must be few.
Enjoy the world ere yet oblivion be,
And dust and ashes all that rest of thee."
Thus in their turns your masters you obey,
Pursue now one, and now another way.

Between

Between two baits have liberty to choose,
That you may take, and that you may refuse.
But think not long your freedom to retain ;
The dog broke loose still drags the galling chain.
Who has not heard the lover in the play,
In frenzy raving, to his servant say?—
"Shall I then, Davus, long my parent's care,
Waste all the wealth of which they made me heir;
For Chryses, live the shame of all my race,
By them consider'd as their worst disgrace?
Shall I on her with midnight music wait,
And hold late revels at a harlot's gate?"

Spoke like yourself;" cries Davus, "hafte, and kill
A lambkin to the gods averting ill.

But should she weep?" "And dost thou tremble, boy,
Lest her correcting slipper she employ ""

He who commands himself, is only free.

If

any wear not chains, this-this-is he.

His freedom comes not through the prætor's hand,
Nor owes its being to a lictor's wand.'

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We cannot conclude our remarks on this work without plauding Mr. D. for devoting his leisure hours to classical learning, and to those elegant studies which are useful and ornamental to persons in every situation of life; which add a lustre to the greatest talents; and which ought particularly to be cultivated by those who are placed in elevated stations, and to whom any part of the legislative power in a great nation is entrusted.

MONTHLY CATALOGUE, For SEPTEMBER, 1798.

EDUCATION, &c.

Art. 13. Truth and filial Love, a little Drama, in Three Acts. 12mo. IS. Lee and Hurst.

THE author of this performance, in order to impress his young readers with a just sense of the importance of secrecy and truth, has composed a little drama, in which Telemachus is the chief character. The fable is very simple, and not greatly interesting: but it contains good maxims, and useful advice, suitable to the capacities of children.

Art. 14. Lectures graduées pour les Enfans. Graduated Lessons for Children. By the Abbé Gaultier. Small 12mo. 3 Vols. Elmsley, &c.

The Abbé Gaultier has long since attained a distinguished rank among the genteeler priests of public instruction; and his works have received from many fashionable mothers the flattering incense of a grateful smile: while his portrait probably hangs in the lalarium of

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