Perhaps some may think it strange that there is so little said as to Mr. Gregory Clement, who suffered with the rest. Therefore this only is to be said more (which is known to many) that Mr. Clement was very silent both at the time of his imprisonment at Newgate and at the time and place of his execution at Charing Cross. Only this is said, that he exprest' his trouble to some friends in the prison, for yielding so far to the importunity of his Relations as to plead guilty to the indictment. And although he spoke little at the place of execution, yet as far as could be judged by some discerning persons who were near him, he departed this life in peace."

But Mercurius Publicus (11-18 Oct.)

states :

"Gregory Clement, at his death, express'd a great deal of sorrow and penitence, confessing that he most justly suffered both from God and man and that his judges had done nothing but according to law, begging the prayers of all spectators."

William Smith once more adds further details (Hist. MSS. Commission's Fifth Report, Appendix, p. 174):—

"On Wednesday Thomas Scot, railing" [Mer curius Publicus confirms this], "and Gregory Clement, howling, because, he said, his sin could not be forgiven, died as and where the rest."

who had sign'd a warrant to the Executioner for the murther of his own king.

"Mr. Axtell said that he was cal'd out at the beginning of the war and went not out into arms. without advice, for he had conference with a minister in Laurence Lane (we give you his very words) who told him it was the cause of God. That after he had engag'd in England he was cal'd into Ireland where he endeavoured to do his work. We will not mention what that work was, for he is now dead [see a tract entitled A Colleccommitted on the Irish in Ireland since the 23rd of October, 1641-press-mark 601. f. 14 (7)], but for that minister and all his bretheren who so

tion of some of the Murthers and Massacres

notoriously inflam'd all our distractions, they may now see to what they have brought their proselytes. After this Mr. Axtell went to prayers, wherein Mr. Hacker joyn'd, which ended, the executioner did his office."

Finally, William Smith (as before) wrote: "On Friday Francis Hacker, without remorse,. and Daniel Axtell, who dissolved himself into tears and prayers for the King and his own. soul, were executed at Tyburn."

The remaining cases are all equally un-favourable to the Speeches and Prayers,' and I do not think it necessary to add any moreevidence in support of the contemporary statement that they were a meer forgery and imposture "-a conclusion, I may add, which was endorsed by Dr. Philip Bliss,. the learned bibliophile and editor of Anthony à Wood's 'Athenæ Oxonienses,' in a letter which the reader will find pasted in theGrenville copy of the 'Speeches and. Prayers' in the British Museum.

J. B. WILLIAMS..

(To be continued.)

ST. MARY'S, AMERSHAM, BUCKS :: CHURCHYARD INSCRIPTIONS.

(See 11 S. vii. 464.)

THE next lot are those between the path: leading from the gate at the north-east end. of the churchyard, which terminates at the south-east corner by the swing-gate leadinginto Church Alley, and the path from the north-east gate leading to the south porch,. whence another starts and meets the firstmentioned at the swing-gate, the piece of ground being almost triangular in shape.

23. James son of James | and Mary Ann Avern of Bovingdon Hertfordshire who died Sep. 11 1810 aged [29 years ?]. buried on

The Register states he was 13 Sept. of that year.

24. William Baldwin | who died Decr. 4th 1814 | aged 55 years.

25. Joseph Baldwin | died February 4th 183 | aged 47 years.

26. Mary Baldwin | died July 8th 1838 | aged 77 years.

This is evidently an old stone which has been re-used, for on the back of it are the following letters and figures, crossways :—

61 RY of T TER 1833

EARS.

27. Elizabeth Wife of Mr. Thomas Hailey who departed this life | December 21st 1777 aged 36 years. Also the above | Thomas Hailey who died 7th Augst. 1809 | aged 71 years Likewise Hannah Hailey | wife of James Hailey who died Feby. 20th 1814 Aged | 43 Years.

28. Mrs. Mary Giles | wife of Thomas Giles | who departed this Life | April the 28th 1838 | Aged 71 years.

29. Mr. Thomas Giles | who died April 19th 1815 Aged 60 years.

30. Mr. Thomas Giles | son of Thomas and Mary Giles who departed this life April 20th 1842 Aged 38 Years | Also of | Susannah Giles Sister of the above who died Sepr. 4th | 1861 aged 56 Years "She walked with God, and is not, For God took her."

31. Ann Cortis | Born 18th of June 1817 | died 14th of June 1818 | John Cortis | Born 4th of Novr. 1815 | died 13th of Septr. 1820.

32. Mr. Thomas Marshall [Solicitor who died the 13th of May 1842 | in the 61 Year of his age.

33. Mr. John Marshall Attorney at Law | who died 5th May 1828 Aged 73 years of | Mrs. Mary Marshall, his wife who died 1st May 1812 aged 56 years; of Ann Marshall their Eldest Daughter who died 1st January 1781 aged 13 Days, of Lydia Marshall their fifth Daughter who died February 1797 Aged 7 Months of John Marshall their second son who died 26th April 1803 aged 18 Years and of | Sarah Marshall their youngest Child | who died 18th February 1823 aged 23 Years.

34. S. M. 18th February 1823 aged 23. 35. J. M. 26th April 1803, Aged 18.

It will be noticed that the inscriptions on Nos. 34 and 35 are to two of the Marshall family whose names are also recorded on John Marshall's stone.

36. John How who departed | this June 3rd | 1834 | Aged 40 | Years. This is an urn-shaped memorial, entirely of iron.

life |

made

years

37. Francis Priest | Parish clerk 47 died Decr. 13th 1839 | aged 72 years | Ellenor his wife died May 13th 1852 | aged 82 years.

38. Isabella Priest | died March 18th 1849 | aged 17 years also | Sarah Sophia Priest | died Feby. 16th 1851 aged 18 years also | Ellen Priest died Dec. 26th 1840 | aged 1 year.

39. Mrs. Sarah Trone | who departed this life | October 31 1843 | aged 76.

43. The greater portion of this headstone has disappeared, but the foot-stone of the same is still left, and is inscribed :

J-S-1826.

CS-1794.

The inscriptions are probably to two other members of the Statham family, as the last four mentioned are close to each other.

41. Edward Smith who departed this life | February 7th 1809 | Aged 66 years | Also of Mary his wife who departed this Life July | 18th 1799 aged 54 years If undeviating industry, and Reader go thou and do likewise. inflexible integrity are worthy of imitation |

45. Susanna Wife of | Mr. John Curtis | of this Parish who departed this life | December 16th 1800 | Aged 42 Years | Also the above Ino. Curtis | who died 15th Feb. 1808 | Aged 47 Years

46. This stone and the next one are situated immediately to the north of the path leading from the north-east corner of the churchyard and the south side of the chancel.

the 25th 1815, | Aged 59 Years | And of Mr. John Craft | who departed this life | July Mrs. Susanna Craft his Widow | who died June the 16 1838 Aged 83 Years.

47. Mrs. Hannah Jordan | who 1820 | Aged 34 Years | Also of

who died December 1st 1852

died Novr. 11th Richard Jordan Aged 67 years.

The following are situated between the south aisle and the path leading from the south porch to the west entrance of the churchyard :—

51. Mr. Thomas Saunders who died August 5th 1840 | Aged 70 years | Also of Mrs. Dorothy

Saunders wife of the above who died June 6th 1839 aged 69 years.

52. John Salter who died March 31 1797 | in the 70th Year of his age.

53. An upright stone, top broken off, and nothing legible.

54. Mrs. Mary Ann Little of Great Russell Strt. London who died | January 30th 1833 in the 31st year of her age | Also of Love Saunders Aunt of the above M. A. Little who died May 28th 1853 | aged 87 years.

55. Mr. Cooper Dawson who departed this Life the 6 of June 1820 | aged 54.

56. This stone is of a very perishable kind, and most of the inscription has peeled off; below is the remaining portion :

:

A DAILY TELEGRAPH' JUBILEE: MR. JOHN MERRY LE SAGE.-On the 29th of June, 1855, the Newspaper Stamp Act having been passed on the 15th of the month, the first number of The Daily Telegraph and Courier appeared. It was published at twopence, and, consisting of only four pages, it promised to be shortlived; but in September of the same year it passed into the possession of the Lawson family, and on the 17th of the same month they, by a bold stroke, reduced the price to one penny. Thus it has the honour to be the first daily paper to be issued in London at that price. The duty on paper was then 1d. each pound, and so continued until its repeal on the 1st of October, 1861. The second portion of the title, and Courier, was dropped on October 28th, 1856. The object of this note is to record the completion of Mr. John Merry Le Sage's fifty

years' service on the editorial staff of The Daily Telegraph, a fact which, we think, may be regarded as unique in the history of the daily press, though instances have been known of such jubilees in connexion with the weekly press-a notable one being that of William Chambers, who for fifty years both edited and published the journal he founded.

The Hon. Harry Lawson, M.P., in the absence of his father, Lord Burnham, presided at the banquet given to Mr. Le Sage on Saturday, the 21st of June at which the

entire editorial staff was present-and referred with just pride to the history of the great journal, which he evidently regards with a personal affection. He said he

"believes in a newspaper having a soul and a mind which was something higher than, and different from, the aggregate of all the intelligences and all the feelings of those who composed them."

We join with Mr. Le Sage's friendsand he is the friend of all who know him -in hearty congratulations. Although he indicated that he should not remain with his comrades much longer, we trust he has many happy years before him. In his speech of thanks he at once revealed the secret of his success. Being asked by a young member of the staff to tell him somehe commenced work on The Daily Telegraph, thing about the "dark and dull days" whem he replied that there never were any dark and dull days on The Daily Telegraph." JOHN COLLINS FRANCIS.

66

AN AMBIGUOUS POSSESSIVE CASE.-For some time I have been watching the growing use of a possessive case which conveys a meaning very different from what is in the mind of the speaker or writer. As I cannot find that this matter has been noticed in recent books such as 'The King's English (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1906), I should be pleased to see it submitted to the judgment of the readers of ' N. & Q.'

66

If I say, for instance, "Peter is Alfred's: friend," or Peter is the friend of Alfred," every one will understand that the two are united in the bonds of amity. But if I were to say "Peter is a friend of Alfred's," the hearer, with little consideration, would detect an ambiguity in the phrase. 66 Alfred's" what? he would ask. "Friend"? If so, it might be that Peter, being the friend of Alfred's friend, was Alfred's bitter enemy, which is a state of things that had never entered my mind.

I think that this misleading possessive is almost unknown amongst our old writers,

"This foible of the duke's, so long as no evil resulted from it, was passed over by his courtiers as a piece of harmless frenzy."

A little further on we read :—

"If he would, however, sacrifice a woman's character to please an unjust humour of the duke's," &e.

66

If Lamb had remembered his Latin grammar, he would not have written such "Boeotian " nonsense as "this foible of the duke's [foible], or an unjust humour of the duke's [unjust humour]." I am pleased that this charming author does not speak of "this son of the duke's," for, in that case, he would have been speaking, not of the duke's son, but of the duke's grandson. This possessive case has been much used in conversation, but it is now appearing in

One cannot

the works of notable writers. say it is grammatically wrong, like the word italicized in the following sentence :—

"As a philosopher he [Macaulay] had only two thoughts; and neither of them are correct."-Mr. G. K. Chesterton's The Victorian Age in Literature,' p. 32.

If Mr. Chesterton had written "Both of them are untrue," his readers would not have found fault with his English, however much they might have dissented from his estimate of Macaulay's philosophy. On pp. 112-13 of the volume just mentioned there is a striking example of the misleading possessive which I am discussing :

"It can be most clearly seen in that sister of Charlotte Brontë's, who has achieved the real feat of remaining as a great woman rather than a great writer."

The words that sister of Charlotte Brontë's are equivalent to "that sister of the sister of Charlotte Brontë." Charlotte had two sisters, Ann and Emily, and as we read on, we gather that the reference is to the latter. How much more lucid the author would have been had he said: "It can be most clearly seen in Charlotte Brontë's sister Emily."

Another popular writer, Mr. Maurice Hewlett, in his romance entitled Open Country' (Macmillan & Co., 1912), supplies this strange information on p. 10, where he

says:

"There had been a Mauleverer creation by that sovereign [James I.]; but it expired with the

The Satires of Juvenal Paraphrastically Imitated, and adapted to the Times. With a Preface. London. Printed for J. Ridley, St. James's Street, MDCCLXIII.,"

whereof a large portion is directed against the Earl of Bute and his countrymen, the following occurs on p. 32:What if in Scotland's wilds we veil'd our head, Where tempests whistle round the sordid bed; Where the Rug's two-fold use we might display, By night a blanket, and a plaid by day.

This imitation of Juvenal is attributed in the British Museum Catalogue to Edward Burnaby Greene, apparently because of the initials "E. B. G." at the end of the Preface in the Library copy, which is catalogued as dated 1764. The 1763 edition from which I quote has no initials appended to the Preface; and the notice of Greene in the

66

claim to be complete. The probability seems in favour of Greene, as he also paraphrastically " imitated Persius. Goldsmith, according to the authority quoted by the late John Forster in his 'Life,' was engaged exactly two years-from May, 1768, until its publication in May, 1770-in writing The Deserted Village,' and may well have been acquainted with lines which go near to anticipating the "bed by night," &c., and which he perhaps unconsciously utilized for his own oft-quoted poem.

6

"CASTALIA INTERDICTUS AQUA, DICTUS ET IGNE PIERIO."-The author of this was wanted" by S. W. at 10 S. vi. 149. It was entered on a long list of quotations, part, at least, of which I hoped to

run down in the course of some miscel laneous reading. The personal construction of "interdictus" pointed to a post-classical or modern writer, while thought and rhythm suggested that the source was a satirical poem. This proves to be the case. The words ("igne should be igni) are by Menage, and come from 146,147 of Gargilii, Macronis Parasito-sophista Metamorphosis.' See his Poemata,' ed. 8, Amsterdam, 1687, p. 7, and Epulum Parasiticum,' by Menage, Nicolas Rigault, J. L. Balzac, and others, p. 117, in the Nürnberg edition of 1665.

This quotation and another in S. W.'s same query have escaped the Index of volume and series. EDWARD BENSLY.

:

"SATIRE" PRONUNCIATION OF WORD. -With reference to the remarks in the 'N.E.D.,' the following may not be without interest :

Leonard had candour, honesty, good nature
Unbounded Friendship, quite unmixed with Satyr
Yet so indifferent as to worldly pelf
He was a friend to all but not himself.

M.I., Heston Churchyard, co. Middx. Leonard Crafts, d. 1752, July 10, aged 23. M. CATHEDRAL BELL STOLEN.-The following curious reprint in Berrow's Worcester Journal of 24 May last, from the issue of 30 May, 1863, shows the remarkably lax method of safeguarding cathedral property fifty years ago. Whatever one may think of cathedrals being restored," such an event as the theft of a bell of 5 cwt. can hardly be now anticipated.

66

"The depredations at the Cathedral continue, and the thieves' coolness seems to be on the

increase. Last week they stole one of the silver maces used by the vergers, and this week it has been discovered that they have stolen one of the

bells. The exact time it was effected is not known, but it must have been between the 10th bells were rung) and the 24th inst., when the loss of March (the Prince's wedding-day, when the was discovered. The missing bell was the second bell of the peal, and weighed about 5 cwt. It is probable that the thieves broke the bell up in the loft, and removed it piecemeal, and a crowbar, with which the heavy work was done, has been found in the belfry."

W. H. QUARRELL.

PETER PETT, 1610-70 (?).-The 'D.N.B.' in a brief notice of this commissary of the Navy (1647-67) says he is lost sight of after being deprived of his office. Some additional information is afforded by two long letters written by him from "London, June 11, 1669 (Old Style)," and "London, October 11, [16]69." Evidently he still held some office at the Admiralty, as they relate to a claim by the King against the Assurance Chamber at Amsterdam for property lost in the ship The Abraham's Sacrifice. The name of the person addressed is not given, but a reference to Uncle Povah your (not Povey) may help the identification. It is proposed to give him 501. for his zeal and services in the matter. The second letter commences :—

"To yours from ye Hague of ye 20th of September, S.N. [? unsigned]. I had sooner writ my thanks for ye favour of it [and] returned an answer, but that I have been ever since my receit ther 'of indispos'd with ye griping of ye Gutts, ye present universal disease of this towne, which I never knew any one to have been perfectly free from." He then asks his correspondent to buy for him certain books on maritime law, sending them by some gentlemen coming to London. My lodging may be heard of at Mr. Benton's, a Taylors next doore to ye Golden Key in Bow Street, Covent Garden."

66

The last of several postscripts reads :—

"I had almost forgott to tell you that Captaine Antony Basso (a kinde, of Genoese Jew), ye Captaine of ye Abraham's Sacrifice and one Employd by ye Genoese and Dutch to looke after theire claims of ye Cargo of that ship, is lately dead, and so I suppose [the] money ye Dutch have give for his sollicitacion is throwne away." ALECK ABRAHAMS.

"PARABOUES."-This word, which I do not find in the dictionaries, occurs in Cornelius Webbe's Glances at Life in City and Suburb,' 1836: "Give me my paraboues, my cloak, my umbrella, and let me go, for go I will (p. 4). The word, of course, means leggings for protection against the mud. It seems to have perished at its birth, though it deserved a better fate.

RICHARD H. THORNTON.