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They ward off, likewise, the torturing sick headache. The Ointment should be well rubbed in twice daily over the stomach, liver, and bowels; to them it penetrates, and, aided by the Pills, immediately works such a revolution as establishes perfect digestion. LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 27, 1887. CONTENTS.-N° 87. Ecclesiæ Salisburiensis Cancellarius Dignissimus. Nec Sentit Damna Sepulchri. NOTES:-Chillingworth's Monument, 161-Notes to Skeat's REPLIES:-Records of Celtic Occupation, 170-Blind-house, 171-Altarage-Lyly's Euphues,' 172-Watchet PlatesScotland and Liberalism-Sparrow's 'Rationale,' 173-Epitaph-Siege of Bolton-MS. Journal of F. White-Burning Question Music hath charms," &c., 174-Massage and Shampooing-Hampshire Plant-names, 175-" Credo quia impossibile est"-Bluestockingism - Bishops in Partibus Infidelium-Attorney and Solicitor-Judge Maule-Lease of 939 Years, 176-Bunhill Fields-" Defence, not Defiance"Christ Hospital-Cadency-Percival-" As dull as a fro "Sir J. Dyer-Numeration of Rupees-Knife and Fork, 177Paris Garden-"Nullum tempus occurrit," &c.-Admiral Byng-Cargo-King's End Car, 178. NOTES ON BOOKS:-Hill's 'Boswell's Johnson'-Dobson's 'Bassandyne Bible'-Tuer and Fagan's First Year of a Silken Reign.' Notices to Correspondents, &c. Notes. CHILLINGWORTH'S MONUMENT AT OF HIS BURIAL. of the funeral Dr. Francis Cheynell, then rector of Petworth, appeared at the grave with 'The Religion of Protestants' in his hand, and addressed the friends of the deceased and others there present on the dangerous tendency of what he called the rationalism of the deceased. In the course of his address he flung the book into the grave, exclaiming as follows : "Get thee gone then, thou cursed booke, which hast seduced so many precious soules; get thee gone, thou corrupt rotten booke, earth to earth, and dust to dust; get thee gone into the place of rottennesse, that thou maist rot with thy Author and see corruption." After which denunciation he proceeded to say further: "So much for the burial of his errors. Touching the burial of his corpse, I need say no more than this: it will be most proper for men of his persuasion to commit the body of their deceased friend brother master to the dust; and it will be most proper for me to hearken to that counsel of my Saviour, Let the dead bury their dead, but go thou and preach the kingdom of God." "And so," he informs us in his 'Novissima Chillingworthi,' "I went from the grave to the Pulpit and preached on that Text to the Congregation." It is certainly not improbable that those who brought the body to be buried, Lieut. Golledge or the friends of Chillingworth, whoever they might be, may, notwithstanding Cheynell's proin-hibition, have caused, after his departure, such parts of the offices of the Church as could be hurriedly performed to be said over his coffin; but, so far as we can learn from Cheynell's exordium at the grave, where, declining to bury his body, he buried, as Des Maizeaux says, his book, the funeral was, at all events, an instance, common enough in those times, of the denial of what Jeremy Taylor calls (and he had experience of the kind) open and solemn sacraments and of the services of the Church of England to persons opposed to the views of the Puritans. I took an opportunity a short time ago of specting the mural monument of this divine, as it is now to be seen on the wall of the south walk in the cloister of Chichester Cathedral. It is of stone, 5 ft. long and 4 ft. wide; there is a border round three sides with a base at the foot, and a marble slab has been inserted, filling up the space inside in a manner consistent with what has been said about the defacement of the monument and with the " damna sepulchri" in the last line of the present inscription. There is an interval between this line and that before it, as shown in the accompanying copy, which I made myself with all the accuracy I could command: Virtuti sacrum. GULIELMUS. CHILLINGWORTH A.M. Oxonii natus et educatus. Collegii St Trinitatis. Cheynell himself said at the grave :— "Brethren, it was the earnest desire of that eminent scholar, whose body lyes here before you, that his corps might be interred according to the Rites and customs approved in the English Liturgy...... But his second request (in case that were denied him) was that he might be buried in this city......His first request is denied for many reasons, of which you cannot be ignorant," &c. Cheynell's conduct at Chillingworth's funeral having been reflected upon as uncharitable, he published in defence in 1644 his 'Chillingworthi Novissima or the Sicknesse, Heresy, Death, and Burial of William Chillingworth (in his own phrase) Clerk of Oxford, and in the conceit of his fellow-souldiers the Queen's Arch-Engineer and Grand Intelligencer,' &c.* From this work, called by Locke "one of the most villainous books that, I think, ever was printed," I have taken the information given above, to which I may add the following passages given by Des Maizeaux in his 'Life of Chillingworth': "His body was decently laid in a convenient coffin covered with a mourning Herse-cloth, more seemly (as I conceive) then the usuall covering, patched up out of the mouldy reliques of some motheaten copes: His friends were entertained with wine and cakes...... All that offered themselves to carry his corps......had every one of them (according to the custome of the countrey) a branch of Rosemary, a mourning Ribband, and a paire of Gloves." "Mr. Chillingworth was buried by day, and therefore we had no torches or candles at his grave." "If any man enquire whether he hath a tombe-stone... ...let him know that we plundered an old Friar of his Tombestone, and there is roome enough for an Epitaph if they please to send one from Oxford." one is given in Passow; the latter nowhere, so far as I can see. Across. Caxton (1485), “Hys hondes in crosse." Cf. Adjoin. Known since 1325. Cf. D.M., i.v. Adulation. Used by Chaucer, Bal. Good Counsail,' Adulter. In support of derivation ad+alter compare Skt. anja-ga, he who goes to another, adulterous (Vaniçek, p. 28). Aery. D.M. gives other explanation. Esthetic. Carlyle was not the first; W. Taylor, 1798. Cf. D.M., i.v. Affable. Known since 1540; and_affability is used by Caxton, 1483. Cf. D.M., i.vv. I may add here an observation which applies to a very great many words where Prof. Skeat could not from the materials at hand supply instances older than Milton or Shakespeare. The quotations given by M. show how very seldom these writers used really new words. The notion that they consciously coined new terms when they liked, disappears more and more as we continue using the great Dic Cathe-tionary. Cf. affect, addle, affeer, agile, attack, &c. The late Mr. King ('Handbook to the drals,' pt. ii., 1876) observes as follows :— "The original inscription, written by a friend of Chillingworth's soon after the Restoration, contained a special allusion to Cheynell, in which he was styled Theologaster. His son got into the cloister at night and defaced it with a pickaxe." I can find no authority for this statement. None is given by King; and, although I have applied to the authorities of the cathedral (and my inquiries have received much attention from the dean and the librarian), I can learn nothing beyond what is stated above. At the same time the present state of the inscription, with the line on "damna sepulchri," seems to bear out the assertion of the 'Handbook.' It is probably known to many of your readers that Dr. Johnson wrote a short life of Cheynell, though not in his happiest vein. Lisle Bowles, the poet, also preached a sermon in the Cathedral of Salisbury (where he was canon, Chillingworth having been Chancellor of Sarum), in a sequel to which he gave 66 some account of the last days of William Chillingworth"; but this production also is more curious than valuable. Gunnersbury. S. ARNOTT. SOME NOTES AND ADDENDA TO PROF. SKEAT'S Accoutre. Add, 1. 16, and for Du. koster sacristan. * London, 1644, Samuel Gellibrand, at the Brasen Serpent in Paul's Church-yard. There is an abusive dedication to Drs. Bayley, Prideaux, Fell, &c., who had given their imprimatur to 'The Religion of Protestants.' Aft, After. These two words, aft, adv., and after, adv., prepos., and adject., are duly kept separate in D.M. Prof. Skeat's acc. is confused. Aft is not an abbreviation of, much less a development from after, which is a comparative, but of aftan, which is a superlative. After is, therefore, not the "true original." Skeat points at Dutch achter. M. does not mention Dutch at all. Yet Middle Dutch has forms of importance which elucidate the connexion between after and achter. After (Verdam, i. 2796), achten, achte, acht, adverb (ibid., i. 146), achter (ibid., 16b), efter (ii. 582b), echt (ii. 509b), echte (ii. 512b), echter (ii. 5126). This change of ƒ into ch is common in * Middle Dutch, or rather Middle Nederlandsch, and not Old Dutch, as we find often quoted in Prof. Skeat's 'Dict.' It is strange that so careful and accurate a scholar should be guilty of this error. His chief authorities for Dutch are Oudemans, Kiliaen, Hexham. Kiliaen's book is, as he says, an old Dutch dictionary, but it is not a dictionary of Old Dutch. Oudemans is bularies. Hexham's Dutch is Early Modern. As I said neither; it is quite new. Both give Middle Dutch vocaelsewhere (art. Dutch and Deutsch,' Liverp. College Mag., 1886)," Ubi plura nitent," &c.; yet it is worth while to point out the slip. Prof. Skeat has no doubt long since discovered it himself, and added to his autho's Gravenhage, Martinus Nyhoff), published as far as rities Middel Nederlandsch Woordenboek,' by Verdam, vol. ii. pt. x., "Gelove"; Etymologisch Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal,' by Joh. Franck ('S Gravenhage, Martinus Nyhoff), published parts i.-iv., " Kreuk "; and Glossarium van Verouderde Rechtstermen, Kunstwoorden,' &c., by Karel Stallaert (Leiden, Brill), published parts i.-iii., "By," the first of which supersedes, as it appears, the unfortunate failure of Oudemans. these works give Middle Dutch, Oudemans's title notwithstanding. Of Old Dutch there are no remains known, except, perhaps, the fragments of what is known as the "Carolingian Psalms." Since this was written I received the new book, Principles of English Etymology,' with which Prof. Skeat has established for himself a new claim on the gratitude of all students of philology. This delightful book deserves the attention of all Englishmen who care for their language. I now only point out that while on, e. g., pp. 482, 483, 486, the old error is perpetuated, we find the correct term on p. 490, All e.g., gracht for graft, from graven, to dig; for gekoft, from koopen, to buy. Compare the in opposite direction in Eng. laughter, &c. A sense of this word not noticed by Murray nor 2 is that of old, adj. (or subst.-old man). Marlowe's tus,' sc. xiii. 1. 76 (ed. Ward, Clar. Press, p. 41), "Torment... that base and crooked age," i. e., ld man; and in Cantic. de Creatione' (publ. od, chle;lia,' vol. i. p. 303 sqq.), 1. 262:— Jesigna e oceat 10r po wente michel ful glad and bad vs come, bobe zouge and age, for to honuren godis ymage. Agglomerate. Known since 1684. D.M., i.v. Aggress. Known since 1574. D.M., iv. Ajar. Add 2 at variance with, out of harmony; used as if derived from jar, quarrel. Cf. D.M., i.v. Alack. D.M. derives this from ah+lack, failure, want, "as suggested by Prof. Skeat." This differs from account in 'Dict., first edition. The Supplement contains nothing on this word. I have no opportunity of seeing second edition. Alike. Onlic and anlic are in A.-S. so very much less frequent than gelic, with its derivatives, that it seems slightly incorrect to omit all mention of a prefix ge. The present a represents, no doubt, both. (Cf. afford, aware, &c.) 'MOTHER GOOSE'S MELODIES.'-In the Athenæum for February 26, Mr. Andrew Lang drew attention to the fact that some one had advertised the previous week for a copy of Songs of the Nursery; or, Mother Goose's Melodies,' published in 1719. Prof. F. J. Child, in a letter dated Feb. 25, 1886, drew my attention to this collection of nursery songs, and informed me that it was printed in Boston so early as 1719. Whether this is the edition sought I cannot say. Prof. Child added that an imperfect copy was said to have been discovered in an antiquarian library not very long ago, and that he had meant to reprint it, but it mysteriously disappeared. Mr. Andrew Lang went on to ask if any one could tell him anything about Mother Goose. My own impression is that Mother Goose is not native to the soil, and that it is simply an English rendering of Perrault's 'Ma Mère l'Oye.' Admitting this, in default of evidence to the contrary, there is clear proof of the rapid hold which Perrault's tales must have taken of the English mind, when we find an American children's book borrowing a title from him within little more Aliment. Known since 1477. D.M., i.v. = Alley. Against the derivation of aller from adnare Prof. Skeat mentions as chief difficulties, (1) transition from to 1, (2) rarity of O.F. aner, to come. As to No. 1 he gives instances orphelin, Palerme, Roussillon, Bologne; he might have added that a similar sporadic change obtains in Portuguese laranja, cf. Spanish naranja, Eng. orange (cf. Skeat, i.v.); and-in opposite direction-in English lifrode for liflode (Specimens,' i., .v.), posterne for posterle (Morris, Outlines,' p. 71). For No. 2, many French dialects have clear traces of n forms. In "Parabole de l'Enfant Prodigue, en 88 Patois Divers, par L. Favre (Paris, H. Champion, 15, Quai Malaquais," no date), I find, verses 15 and 20, "s'enanet "-il s'en alla (dial. Nahrte Ouvergna, p. 4); 18, "m'enanaréï "=je m'en irai (dial. Nahrte Ouvergna, p. 5). So dial. Charente, Confolens (p. 42): 13, "g'an angué "-il s'en alla; same dial., "annet" (p. 59); 18, "faut qu'i m'an ange" que je m'en aille. Valette (p. 44): 13, "sen engaï"; 15, s'en onguai"; 18, "qu'enge." Rochelle (p. 46): 13, "s'en andgit"; 23, "d'anger" (infinit.). Dordogne, nontron (p. 55): 13, "s'en ané "; 18, "y ainė" (subj.). Sarlat (p. 57): 13, "s'en onguet"; 18, qu'angui." Limousin (p. 61): 13, "s'en onet"; (p. 62) 13, "s'en ané." Puy de Dôme (p. 64): 13, " s'en né"; 15, "sé né "; 18, "qu'ian mein agne." Montauban (p. 69): 15, "anguec"; 18, "men can ana." Réole (Gironde) (p. 71): 15, "s'en angut "; 18, "anguerey." Parnier (p. 75): 15, "s'en anec "; 18, "m'en aniré." Haute Garonne (p. 78): 13 and 15," s'en auguec "; 18, "que angoy." Foix (p. 80): 13 and 15, "s'en aneg "; 18, "en aniré.' Montpellier (p. 99): 18, "faou qué m'en ané." Puy, Haute Loire (p. 101): 18, "vouole anar troubar"; 20, "s'en anet." Nismes (p. 106): 18, "m'en anaraï trouva"; 20, "ana." Dé, Drôme (p. 121): 13, "g'en oné." Gap, Hautes Alpes (p. 123): 18, "onarei." The dialects I enumerate are not all which have these forms; I chose those which showed difference of spelling. WILLEM S. LOGEMAN. Newton School, Rock Ferry. (To be continued.) In a subsequent communication, the Countess Martinengo - Cesaresco (Athenæum, March 12, 1887) points out the connexion between the Contes de ma Commère l'Oye' and other stories " Contes de Peau with animal eponymi, such as d'Asnon' and Contes de la Cicogne,' and adds that it is strange all trace of the latter (except its name) should be lost. In Mélusine for April, 1887 (col. 369), there is an interesting extract from Noel du Fail's 'Propos Rustiques,' which describes how Robin Chevet, an old Breton farmer, used to entertain his family after supper with oldworld tales : "Et ainsi occupés à diverses besognes, le bonhomme Robin, après avoir imposé silence, commençoit un beau conte du temps que les bestes parloient: comme le renard desroboit le poisson aux poissoniers; comme il fit battre le loup aux lavandières, lorsqu'il apprenoit à pescher,comme le chien et le chat alloient bien loin;-de la corneille qui en chantant perdit son fromage,-de Mélusine,-du loup garou, de cuir d'Annette ;-des fées, et que souventes fois parloit à elles, familièrement mesme, la vesprée, passant par le chemin creux, et qu'il les voyoit danser au branle près la fontaine du Cormier au son d'une belle vèze (cornemuse), couverte de cuir rouge, ce luy estoit avis, car il avoit la vue courte." The contributor of Mélusine to whom we are indebted for this extract adds that in some editions of Propos Rustiques' three tales are added to the repertory of Robin Chevet, one of which is 'le conte de la cicogne.' Looking to the general character of worthy Robin's stories, I think it very possible that Contes de Loups' and 'Contes de la Cicogne' were only popular appellations for the fables of a still earlier raconteur, the ubiquitous Esop. Let us hope that the zealous efforts of the French folk-lorists may succeed in finally settling the question, W. F. PRIDEaux. |