relations between form and decoration, from which may emerge some guiding principles of taste. We should welcome the day when a course of architecture naturally formed a part of a school curriculum. In the meantime we hope that the entry of such books as those given above into school libraries may stimulate many to learn something about the various styles of architecture for themselves. The most important things in such books are good illustrations accompanied by careful discussion of the buildings illustrated, bringing out what is successful or the reverse, and a just consideration of secular as opposed to ecclesiastical buildings. Mr. Russell's book is the most elementary and briefest, but suffers from a paucity of illustration. Plates are expensive to insert in the text, but there seems little objection to placing them all together at the end of the volume. Mr. Russell gives more than fifty pages to modern architecture, and the modest price of the book contributes to make it a possible text-book for use in form.

Mr. Statham's work, which now appears in its second edition, has the advantage of a great number of illustrations, small but clear, and is well provided with plans and details, but we wish that the running comment of head line to each page might have been avoided. Baroque architecture is too briefly dismissed, for though it may not exist independently as a style in England, tourists in Italy, Germany, and Spain miss a great deal from ignorance or contempt of that mode of architecture. "" The Architect in History " treats architecture from the inside of the art, giving a most fascinating account of the architect's practice and position through the ages. One of the most interesting chapters is that dealing with the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, for which much material is available. There are some delightful pages on that very great genius Bernini, whose work, we hope, is becoming more and more a thing for all visitors to Rome to search out and appreciate. As sculptor, decorator and architect, he is a force whom no one interested in art and the development of art can afford to neglect.

INTRODUCTORY SCIENCE

Elementary General Physical Science. By W. R. JAMIESON. (8s. 6d. net. Melbourne: Macmillan.) Introductory Chemistry for Schools. By W. R. JAMIESON. (3s. Melbourne: Macmillan.)

Junior Chemistry for Schools. By W. R. JAMIESON. (бs. 6d. Melbourne: Macmillan.)

Chemistry for Schools. Part II. Senior Course Practical. By W. R. JAMIESON. (5s. Melbourne: Macmillan.) Mr. Jamieson, who is senior chemistry master at the Scotch College, Melbourne, has written several text-books of elementary science, primarily adapted to local needs, but worthy also of attention by schoolmasters in this country. In particular, the Elementary General Physical Science is a type of book of which we have too few examples in England, and should certainly be read by all those who teach elementary physics and chemistry or general science. Mr. Jamieson expresses the view that the insistence upon the quantitative aspect of science, when introduced at an early stage, has done much to quench interest and to obscure the real nature of science. This is a view which we have long held and which we are glad to find put forward in other quarters. Elementary physics is, of course, the worst offender in this respect; we have all suffered from the Spartan physics master who made us undergo a treatment of uninteresting practical measurements while assuring us that it was for the good of our souls and that all science was measurement. It cannot be too strongly emphasized that the aesthetic delight in accurate measurement is in most cases an acquired taste, and reflection on the history of science would show that, to be psychologically correct, science teaching to the young should begin with wonder, i.e., with colours, explosions, and similar phenomena in chemistry, and with analogous things in physics and biology.

Mr. Jamieson has not neglected the human side of science, and, while his book will perhaps not find wide application as a class text-book, every teacher will find in it a freshness of treatment and a breadth of outlook which will help him to improve his own courses.

The text-books of chemistry by the same author are also interesting, and would repay reading, but do not lend themselves to the requirements of School Certificate Examinations.

HEALTH MEASUREMENTS

Healthy Growth a Study of the Relation Between the Mental and Physical Development of Adolescent Boys in a Public Day School. By Dr. A. A MUMFORD. (16s. net. Oxford University Press.)

The assessment of health and physique is of great importance if the results can be utilized for purposes of improvement. Unfortunately, it is only in periods of stress such as a great war that popular opinion is really roused, in the intervals the subject fades from attention; none the less much solid work on the validity of the standards and of the remedial measures is steadily carried on in various educational institutions. The present work sets out researches carried on at the Manchester Grammar School, corroborating in all respects the general belief that the present-day school boy compares favourably in all respects with his predecessors. The opportunities afforded the author have enabled him to study not only the simplest evidences of growth with which the medical officer in the day school has usually perforce to be satisfied, but to make experimental investigations of more elaborate methods.

Although the medical assessment of health has become much more accurate during the past century, in the main the estimation of physique has rested on the same basis as in the days of the early factory commissions. Dr. Mumford has taken many measurements, both static and dynamic, to indicate the relative development of parts of the body and their relation to poise, stamina, breathing capacity and physical fitness generally, correlating these with the actual performances of the individual in work and play at school and with their further careers in after school life. In particular he finds that those who subsequently passed through the university without a failure were those who had on the whole the better physique and especially ampler breathing power during their school life. To obtain a suitable basis for comparison units of physical growth must be compared on equal time increments; no two individuals grow at the same rate or even with the same rhythm. When detailed scales have been prepared, it is possible to see how far the individual is ahead or behind the average in particular directions and to seek out factors which might lead to improvement. Many graphs of physical and mental progress are set out and will serve to some extent for a basis of observation, though even more as a stimulus to similar inquiries in schools elsewhere.

A study of the children in the dispensary and at the open-air school at Salford shows how physique improves when more favourable surroundings are obtained and defects of health are remedied, though the process of recovery is slow. The relation between mind and body becomes evident; open-air, treatment by ultra-violet rays, and the like, did not produce their full effect unless favourable mental conditions and adequate opportunity for selfexpression were afforded the subjects. The author strongly recommends residential open-air schools, from which the children should be allowed to return home for the week-ends, despite any supposed increase in the risks of infectious disease. The week-end at home has a settling and stabilizing effect both on the children and their parents. Investigations of the type set out are beginning to throw light not only on questions of physical training, but on wider issues of educational methods.

Drawing for Art Students and Illustrators. By Prof. A. W. SEABY. Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged. (10s. 6d. net. Batsford.)

"

In all that concerns artistic draughtsmanship, and especially figure drawing, we are glad to have the opportunity, which this second edition affords, of testifying to the value of this book. But we hope we shall not appear captious if we say that we are not so satisfied with Prof. Seaby's advice to students to compromise with the laws of perspective. Of course, what is referred to on page 23 as a shifting or enlarging of the field of view" is in reality an actual movement of the picture plane, and the imaginary difficulty shown in figures 26 and 27 cannot be explained without reference to this movement. All difficulties of this kind can be made quite clear to the average student by a comparison between the representation on the flat picture plane "and the representation on the ideal spherical "picture plane," on which every point would be a point of sight. Prof. Seaby repeats the old fallacy that "the long axis of the ellipse is always at right angles with the axis of the cylinder." We are far from exaggerating the importance of perspective as a factor in a work of art, but we believe that if we play the game it is well to observe the rules. After all the choice lies between a picture which looks right when viewed with the eye in one fixed position, or a picture which looks wrong from every point of view. In all other respects the book is a thoroughly reliable guide to the serious student of drawing.

Metalcraft and Jewellery. By E. F. KRonquist.
Peoria, Illinois : The Manual Arts Press.
Batsford.)

Primary Industrial Arts. By Prof. D. F. WILSON.
Peoria, Illinois : The Manual Arts Press.
Batsford.)

(IOS. net. London:

(ros. net. London:

Both the books which are the subjects of the present notice are inspired by a belief in the educational value of the efort to create things of beauty. This instinct, deeply rooted as it is in the human race, was temporarily thwarted by the invention of machinery. The result was that art with the qualification" fine took refuge in a frame or on a pedestal, and a vital human activity which should have permeated the whole life of the community became the preserve of connoisseurs and collectors. Things are, however, rapidly adjusting themselves to normal, and books like Emil Kronquist's "Metalcraft" will do more for our artistic salvation than all the modernist fine-art mongers. Let us look after the industrial arts, and the fine arts will take care of themselves. Indeed, painting and sculpture are but the flowers of the tree whose roots are the handicrafts. The book is a thoroughly conscientious, complete, and trustworthy guide for beginners, while the high standard of both text and illustrations will provide many useful hints for the experienced craftsman. Prof. Wilson's book is written for use by teachers in the primary grades. It is based on the unquestionably sound principle that the pencil alone is not the most suitable medium for training in art appreciation and self-expression. The undue use of the pencil in the classroom has been the result of mere convenience. "Drawing," as commonly understood, is not a satisfactory method of approaching the study of form, values, colour, and the nature and use of materials in design. Prof. Wilson's book shows clearly how the difficulties of classroom work may be overcome. It is in every respect a book we can heartily commend to the notice of all who are engaged in art education.

The Life of Rachel McMillan. By MARGARET MCMILLAN. (6S. net. Dent.)

The Rachel McMillan Nursery School and Training Centre at Deptford has now acquired a world-wide fame as a piece of pioneer work among the mothers and children of the most unfavourably conditioned social stratum. Rachel died in 1916, but her sister and co-worker, Margaret, fortunately survives to carry on the work, and incidentally to write this account of a wonderful life. The story is told, of course, sympathetically, and we may add, beautifully. It is a typically English story of selfsacrificing voluntary effort, slow to receive any recognition and assistance from the powers that be.

The Dictionary of National Biography. Founded in 1882 by G. SMITH. 1912-1921. Edited by H. W. C. DAVIS and J. R. H. WEAVER. With an Index Covering the years 1901-1921 in one Alphabetic Series. (21s. net. India Paper, 255. net. Half Morocco, 42s. net. Oxford University Press.)

Although a private undertaking, the "D. N. B." counts as a work of obviously national importance. This volume, containing the lives of notable persons who died in the years 1912-21, has, in order to prevent the whole work from swelling to undesirable proportions, been planned on less ample lines than the supplement published under the editorship of the late Sir Sidney Lee in 1912. Of special interest to the readers of this Journal are such names as Emily Davies, Sir John Mahaffy, Sir James Murray, H. J. Roby, Wm. Sanday, Frederic Seebohm, and Walter Skeat. They show, as the editors remark, that the spirit of the early Victorian age was still a living force in the second decade of the present century. Naturally the volume will be added to any college or school library which possesses the "D. N. B.," but it is to be hoped that the publishers' enterprise will be still more generously rewarded in educational circles.

Haydon is forgotten as a painter, but remembered as the author of one of the most remarkable of autobiographies. Not only did he believe himself to be a neglected genius, but by means of his forceful and egotistical personality, he succeeded in imposing on men of the calibre of Wordsworth and Hazlitt. The artist is a man with an emotion to communicate, a message to deliver. Haydon's message was the greatness of B. R. H. Though he seems to have possessed that infinite capacity for taking pains, which, according to Sir Joshua Reynolds, constitutes genius, he is a proof of the incompleteness of that definition. His is one of the saddest stories in the history of art. It is to the psychologist rather than the art lover that this book of his makes a strong appeal: while those ambitious works of his which were designed to add lustre to the art of his country are now of importance only as necessary illustrations to his selfrevelation. This edition is all that could be desired.

Oliver Cromwell. By H. BELLOC. (6d. Benn.) Abraham Lincoln: a Champion of Freedom. By H. WITHERS. (2s. 6d. net. Religious Tract Society.)

Plato Crito. Edited by Dr. J. ADAM. New Edition, with Vocabulary. (2s. 9d. Cambridge University Press.) Horace at Tibur and the Sabine Farm, with Epilogue. Second Edition, with much additional matter, including seven new illustrations and a New Map and Plan of the Sabine Farm. By G. H. Hallam. (Harrow School Bookshop.)

Key to Latin Prose for Middle Forms, by W. H. SPRAGGE and A. SLOMAN. By W. H. SPRAGGE. (4s. 6d. Cambridge University Press.)

THE PEOPLE'S LEAGUE OF HEALTH.-The People's League of Health, of which His Majesty the King is Patron, has arranged two series of lectures to be delivered in the lecture room of the Medical Society of London, 11 Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, W. 1, at 6 p.m.: (a)" The Mind and What We Ought to Know About It," a series of eight lectures commencing on Wednesday, January 25. Among those who have kindly promised to lecture are Dr. H. Crichton-Miller, Dr. E. D. Macnamara, Dr. R. D. Gillespie, Dr. T. Beaton, O.B.E., Sir Robert Armstrong-Jones, Dr. E. Mapother, Dr. W. A. Potts, and Dr. A. F. Tredgold. (b) Nutrition in Health and Disease," a series of seven lectures commencing on Friday, February 17. The following are included among the lecturers: Prof. Leonard Hill, Dr. Harry Campbell, Dr. L. J. Harris, Prof. V. H. Mottram, Prof. Winifred Cullis, O.B.E., and Dr. Eric Holmes. For tickets and other particulars application should be made to Miss Olga Nethersole, The People's League of Health, 12 Stratford Place, W. 1.

(1) Money. By H. WITHERS. (6d. Benn.) (2) Trade. By E. J. P. BENN. (6d. Benn.)

We heartily welcome these two booklets in Benn's Sixpenny Library-a most attractive enterprise that deserves every success. Mr. Hartley Withers' name is sufficient commendation for a book on Money. In nine interesting and even humorous chapters he treats the subject mainly from the two standpoints of acceptability and stability, and adopts an attitude of cautious conservatism towards the question of a substitute for the gold standard. He also includes a chapter on bimetallism. Sir Ernest Benn is perhaps less successful as an author than as a publisher. His book starts with an excellent account of the complicated system into which world commerce has developed, but his exposition then becomes more propagandist than scientific, for he tilts vigorously against such bugbears as collectivism, State interference, and limitation of production.

Commerce for Commercial and Secondary Schools: Covering Stage I (Elementary) and Stage II (Intermediate) Syllabuses of the Royal Society of Arts and Similar Examining Bodies. By A. J. FAVELL. (3s. 6d. Pitman.)

This is a capital text-book, not only for its own special purpose, but also for the non-commercial reader who wishes to gain an insight into the ways of the business world. Although the author lapses occasionally into loose or incorrect English, he writes for the most part clearly and readably, and the use of headed paragraphs makes the book a useful one for reference. It is particularly well supplied with facsimile documents, and there are test questions to each chapter, drawn mainly from the papers set by public examining bodies.

The Economic World. By Dr. A. R. BURNS and Dr. EVELINE M. BURNS. (5s. University of London Press.)

A well-produced text-book in economics, prepared mainly with a view to the needs of London Matriculation candidates. It is a careful and painstaking piece of work, but not easy to read, because the method adopted is that of closely-reasoned argument and the paragraphs are rather long. The student who

is not deterred by this will find the book sound and helpful. There are questions to each chapter, some illustrations and diagrams, and a useful bibliography.

The Economic System: an Elementary Outline. By G. D. H. COLE. Local Government for Beginners. By MARGARET I. COLE. Capitalist Combines. By G. M. COLMAN. Cooperation : its Problems and Possibilities. By A. HONORA ENFIELD. How to Read Literature. By G. E. WILKINSON. (Paper, Is. each; cloth, 2s. each. Longmans.) These volumes have been arranged by the Workers' Educational Association to meet a demand for inexpensive introductory books on subjects studied in its classes. G. D. H. Cole's essay analyses that part of economics which lies most on the surface, and is designed to encourage in beginners a sceptical approach to the ordinary text-book treatment of the subject. Margaret Cole is responsible for a very useful little book on Local Government. Miss G. M. Colman, who is the Staff Tutor for Tutorial Classes at the University of London, deals with the rapid trustification of industry and the effects of the combination movement in relation to the community. As opposed to the co-operation of big business undertakings the reverse side of the medal is presented by Miss A. H. Enfield, who reviews the Co-operative Movement in its national and international aspects. As a change from these rather technical subjects, George Wilkinson's essay on "How to Read Literature' proves welcome and, containing as it does a bibliography at the end of each chapter, should prove of great value to those just venturing into the wide field of literature.

The Heart of Socialism: Letters to a Public School Man. By H. S. SALT. (IS. Independent Labour Party Publication Department.)

The Economics of Everyday Life: a First Book of Economic Study. By Sir T. H. PENSON. Part I. (4s. Cambridge University Press.)

A Survey of the Social Structure of England and Wales as Illustrated by Statistics. By A. M. CARR-SAUNDERS and D. CARADOG JONES. (IOS. net. Oxford University Press.)

Rise and Progress of Scottish Education. By Dr. A. MORGAN. (10s. 6d. net. Oliver & Boyd.)

Dr. Morgan, late Director of Studies in the Edinburgh Provincial Training Centre, is already known outside Scotland by his work on Education and Social Progress," as well as by articles contributed to various important periodicals. In the present work, in which use is made of some of these articles, Dr. Morgan brings his special knowledge and experience to the task of writing a brief but comprehensive history of Scottish education. Froude once said that, with the exception of the Athenians and the Jews, no people so few in number have scored so deep a mark in the world's history as the Scots have done. For that reason the study of Scottish education is of general interest, and Dr. Morgan's lucid account of it is not excelled by any other that we have seen.

An Oxford Hall in Medieval Times: Being the Early History of St. Edmund Hall. By A. B. EMDEN. (16S. net. Clarendon Press.)

Of the eleven chapters of which this book consists, three are devoted to matters relating to the Oxford Halls in general, and the rest to their venerable and sole survivor, St. Edmund Hall. In some of his general conclusions-e.g. as to the origin of the medieval halls-the author is obliged to disagree with the late Dean Rashdall, but he does so with an expression of gratitude which every student of academic history will share. The illustrations add to the interest of the book, which is in all respects produced in a manner worthy of the university press. Even the general reader will be attracted by interesting sidelights on education in the middle ages.

The Happy Nursery. By ETHEL C. BRERETON.
Williams & Norgate.)

(5s. net.

Educate your Child. By H. MCKAY. (2s. 6d. net. Oxford University Press.)

These two books both deal with the training of young children. The first contains advice for those in charge of nurseries, and is full of useful hints and amusing anecdotes. Very simple, even colloquial, in style, it will doubtless be welcomed by those for whom it is designed, as well as by many mothers who bring up

their children without the aid of a Nannie." The author deals mainly with physical and moral education, while Mr. McKay's book emphasizes the importance of early mental training. He writes with unusual understanding of the boredom of the very little child in a crowd of people, in "a dim, badly-ventilated world of trousered legs and skirts above a foundation of boots," or walking along a dusty road with no view but a stone wall, while the grown-up is enjoying the distant prospect of hill and moor. His suggestions for early training in sense-perception and the use of language are eminently practical, and follow the usage of the best modern Infants' Schools. Childhood would be a happier and more interesting time if every parent and nurse would read and profit by the chapters on The Daily Walk" and Talking to Children."

Pre-School Education: A Historical and Critical Study. By Dr. ILSE FOREST. (7s. 6d. net. New York: Macmillan.)

So much interest now attaches to the educational care of children who are too young for the formal instruction given in the school, that an attempt to sum up critically the position so far reached is sure to find a welcome. The book before us is a good example of the sort of resumé, with free quotations and classified bibliographies, which are produced in America much more than in England. With regard to the latter, we note that the important work of the Froebel Society and the National Froebel Union, and the development of kindergartens in connection with girls' high schools, are omitted from the author's historical survey.

"You'll Be a Man, My Son." By J. GURNEY. (3s. 6d. net. Butterworth.)

Secondary School Curricula. By Prof. W. L. UHL. (10s. net. New York: Macmillan.)

University of London, University College. Centenary Addresses Bound Together in One Volume. (12s. 6d. net. University of London Press.)

Educational Year Book of the International Institute of Teachers College, Columbia University, 1926. Edited by Prof. I. L. KANDEL. (15s. net. New York: Macmillan.)

The Soul of Grammar: A Bird's-eye View of the Organic Unity of the Ancient and the Modern Languages Studied in British and American Schools. By Prof. E. A. SONNENSCHEIN. (6s. net. Cambridge University Press.)

The case for conservatism in grammatical teaching has never been more ably stated than in these lucid and masterly pages. The brilliant studies of Dr. Jespersen and other modern scholars, stressing the differences between synthetic and analytic languages and insisting on the natural and inevitable character of the tendencies which lead modern speech further and further from classical precedents, are apt to produce in the schoolmaster moods of philosophic doubt which weaken his power to teach. Dr. Sonnenschein's aim is to show that the likenesses between Indo-European tongues, ancient and modern, are greater than the differences. Sanskrit and Greek grammarians, without knowledge of each other, classified cases, voices, moods, tenses, and persons on the same principles. Practically all the modern analytic idioms can be paralleled from synthetic Greek and Latin. The task of the teacher of languages is immensely lightened if the fundamental unity of grammar in the IndoEuropean tongues can be successfully maintained.

"

A Short History of English: With a Bibliography of Recent Books on the Subject, and Lists of Texts and Editions. By H. C. WYLD. Third Edition, Revised and Enlarged. (10s. 6d. net. Murray.)

Dr. Wyld has revised and partly re-written his well-known History in the light of investigations into Middle English dialects carried out by two of his former pupils, Dr. Mary Serjeantson and Miss B. Mackenzie. For all serious students of the language it is an indispensable text-book.

Modern English Literature, 1798-1919. By A. J. WYATT and Prof. H. CLAY. (4s. University Tutorial Press.)

A condensed but competent history of English literature during the last 120 years. The post-Victorian chapters, written by Mr. G. E. Hollingworth, contain some excellent criticism of modern poetry.

(1) Selected Poems by William Blake. (Cloth, 2s. net. Leather, 3s. 6d. net. Oxford University Press.)

(2) A Miscellany of Tracts and Pamphlets. Edited with a Preface and Introductory Notes by A. C. WARD. (Leather, 3s. 6d. net. Cloth, 2s. net. Oxford University Press.) Two welcome additions to a most useful and attractive series. (1) is a selection which includes many of the less well known poems as well as the "Songs of Innocence and Experience,' and is fortunate in possessing an introduction by Mr. de Selincourt. (2) The recent revival of the pamphlet habit makes this appearance a timely one. The nineteen pamphlets which are given have been selected on the ground of their relation to some topic of outstanding interest in their period. The Bishop of Durham's allusion in the House of Lords to the Marprelate Tracts makes the brief account of these and the bibliography given in this connexion of particular interest.

English Literature in its Foreign Relations, 1300-1800. By L. MAGNUS. (98. net. Kegan Paul.)

"

Sir H. Newbolt, in a characteristically illuminating sentence, once suggested the desirability of making a map of the long course of literature as it flows through the English landscape.' It will not be a map of our own island merely," he added, “' but a survey of the inhabited world." In this spirit Mr. Magnus, in a series of chapters beginning with Chaucer and ending with the "Sons of the Morning at the close of the eighteenth century, draws out the relations between English writers and Continental literature. It is a study full of interest, to be commended to all teachers of English who wish to widen their outlook.

Sir Walter Raleigh. By J. BUCHAN. (IS. 6d. Nelson.)

Mr. Buchan tells the story of Raleigh in eleven chapters, each imagined to be written by one of his friends or companions in adventure. Slighter than the full-dress historical novel, but all the more manageable for its brevity, the book is a notable and delightful addition to the stock of first-rate historical fiction available for youthful readers.

Paul Valéry: The Taylorian Lecture, 1927. By the Rt. Hon. H. A. L. FISHER. (2s. net. Clarendon Press.)

Mr. Fisher here deserts history for literature, and gives us a critical study of the living French poet who began as symbolist, left poetry for mathematics, and then returned to it to aim at a poetry which seeks a purely intellectual satisfaction unaided by any matter which can be expressed in prose.

Selections from Bunyan. Edited by W. T. WILLIAMS and G. H. VALLINS. (28. Methuen.)

This is much more than the collection of extracts which the title would seem to imply. The authors have given us the story of Christian and Christiana and the Holy War in Bunyan's own words. They have, it is true, omitted the purely theological argument, but the great allegories lose nothing through this

omission.

Montaigne. BY IRENE C. WILLIS. (7s. 6d. Knopf.)

Many circumstances have conspired to prevent Montaigne from receiving his due as the advocate of much now accepted as axiomatic in education, but distinctly startling in those days when a young person's head might be broken in the course of her instruction. The author has given us a thoughtful and appreciative study of the great philosopher and his works.

A Century of English Literature: A Companion to Elton's Surveys of English Literature, 1780-1830 and 1830-1880. Edited by Prof. A. A. Cock and MARGARET J. STEEL. In Four Books. Book IV.-Prose, 1830-1880. (2s. 6d. Arnold.) However we may wish that all students were in touch with such library facilities that they could make these extracts for themselves, we must recognize that some must depend on such anthologies. The extracts are well chosen and well grouped. More Words Ancient and Modern. By E. WEEKLEY. (5s. net. Murray.)

"

"

In Words Ancient and Modern," Prof. Weekley dealt with 'words with a past." In this volume, which is as learned, suggestive, and brimful of wit as its predecessor, he has taken compounds, obvious or disguised, for his theme. He, however, by no means confines himself to the list of words in the table of contents. Thus from Blue-Stocking" he wanders off to blackguard" and Black and Tans and suggests a cause besides the colours of the uniform for the latter nickname. In connection with bootlegger a story is told of a travelled and cultured American who gave an amusing, if startling, reason for his belief that the prohibition law would not be repealed. "Log-rolling," which, like carpet-bagger' and stump-speaker" had its origin in U.S.A., once had a finer meaning than its present one, and was used of the kindly, disinterested help given by old settlers to new-comers. 'Clodhopper" leads on to a discussion of words of kindred meaning, churl, boor, clown, villain, the whole giving a sense of space and plenty, of an exhaustless fund of interest. Prof. Weekley hints at a possible third volume, which will assuredly be eagerly anticipated by those acquainted with these two.

""

""

"

Primary Silent Reading. By J. A. MASTERTON. Part I. (10d. Grant Educational Co.)

There is a little material for consecutive reading in this the first book of a new series; it consists in part of pictures on which questions are set, in part of exercises and games, the object being to train the children's observation, to enlarge their vocabulary, and, generally, to serve as an introduction to intelligent silent reading, to which purpose it seems well adapted. The illustrations are so pretty and spirited that one is surprised at the choice of so inartistic a cover.

How Coal is Won. By Prof. H. BRIGGS. (10d. Nelson.) Crusoe and Gulliver: Being Abridged Reprints of Defoe's Robinson Crusoe" and Swift's Voyage to Lilliput" from "Gulliver's Travels." Edited by A. J. J. RATCLIFF. (IS. 6d. Nelson.)

Lavengro: the Scholar, the Gipsy, the Priest. By G. Borrow. Edited, with an Introduction, by Prof. G. F. WHICHER. (5s. net. New York: Macmillan.)

Two Little Savages: Being the Adventure of Two Boys Who Lived as Indians and What They Learned. Written and Illustrated by E. T. SETON. (7s. 6d. Constable.)

The Dancing Master: a Story of Nelson's Days. By MARGARET B. REED. (2s. 3d. Arnold.)

A Princess Comes to our Town. By ROSE FYLEMAN. (5s. net. Methuen.)

Russian Literature. By J. LAVRIN. (6d. Benn.) Primary Silent Reading. By J. A. MASTERTON. Parts II and III. (rod. each. Grant Educational Co.) Scheherazade, or The Future of the English Novel. By J. CARRUTHERS. (2s. 6d. net. Kegan Paul.) Readers are requested to note the error on page 907 of the December issue, in which the publisher was given as Philip.

(Continued on page 66)

Contents: The Corsican Smuggler (Dumas), The Story of the Greek Slave (Marryat), How Hereward played the Potter (C. Kingsley), The Fight at the Stairhead (Reade), The Stolen Bacillus (Wells), The Lighted Candles (Hichens), The Bottle Imp (Stevenson), A Reminder and Ingwi (Kingsley Fairbridge), Kield (B. Thorpe).

THE GENTLE CRAFT

By Thomas Deloney. Part I. Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by W. J. Halliday. 2s. With The Shoemaker's Holiday (see below). 3s.

THE SHOEMAKER'S HOLIDAY
By Thomas Dekker. Edited, with Introduction and
Notes, by J. R. Sutherland. 1s. 6d.

With Part I of The Gentle Craft (see above). 3s.

SCHOOL FOR SCANDAL

By R. B. Sheridan. Edited, with introduction and notes, by E. M. Jebb. Is. 6d.

THE PRELUDE

By William Wordsworth. Books I and II, with parts
of Book V. Edited, with introduction and notes, by
H. Darbishire.
Is. 6d.

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE
READING OF SHAKESPEARE

By F. Boas. ( The World's Manuals.') 2s. 6d. net.

The aim of this book is to remove some of the obstacles to the understanding and enjoyment of Shakespeare's work which the general reader often finds.

HISTORY

A SHORT HISTORY OF GREAT BRITAIN SINCE 1714

By R. B. Mowat. With 133 illustrations. 3s. 6d. A shortened account of the period from 1714 to the present day as contained in the same author's New History of Great Britain. It is hoped that this book will meet the requirements of classes taking the London General School Examination.

GEOGRAPHY

NORTH AMERICA

By I. C. Russell. New edition. With 7 plates and 39 other illustrations. (The Regional Geographies.") 12s. 6d. net.

THE CLIMATES OF THE CONTINENTS

By W. G. Kendrew. New edition. With 153 illustrations. 2IS. net.

CLIMATE AND GEOGRAPHY

By O. J. R. Howarth. Is. 6d.

Designed to supplement the sections on climate in existing textbooks, and incorporating the results of recent investigations into the subject.

ARCHITECTURE

OLD ENGLISH CHURCHES

By H. M. Madeley. (The Oxford Postcard Albums.") 2s. 6d. The album consists of the usual blank pages slotted to hold postcards, interleaved with printed pages of descriptive matter, fully illustrated with black and white drawings. Thus, in this volume, which is the first of the Series, there are sections on Doors and Windows, the Walls and Roof, Towers and Spires, and so on. The aim is for the reader to collect those postcards which illustrate each section, and thus learn to distinguish various types and styles of architecture.