are others fo barbarous as to break and eat the eggs when the hen has laid them; or if this unnatural father allows her to hatch, the young are hardly excluded from the fhell, than he feizes them with his bill, drags them from the neft, and kills them. Some are fo wild, favage, and ungovernable, that they will allow themselves nei. ther to be touched nor careffed; thefe must be left at liberty, and cannot be treated like the others: if they are meddled with in the leaft they will not breed; their eggs must not be touched or taken away, and they will not hatch if they are not fuffered to pair and build as they please. Laftly, there are fome of an indolent difpofition; fuch for example are the grey ones; thefe never build, and the perfon that tends them muft make a neft for them. All these tempers are very diftinct, and very different from that of our Canary-birds, which are always gay, always finging, tame, agreeable, good mates, attentive fa

thers, and of fo gentle a difpofition and fo happy a temper, that they are fufceptible of every good impreffion, and endowed with the best inclina tions: they charm inceffantly the hea with their fong; they foothe her in the diftrefsful affiduity of hatching; they invite her to quit her place to them, and actually fit on the eggs feveral hours every day : they join with her in feeding the young, and, laftly, they are docile, and learn whatever we choose to teach them. It is by thefe alone that we must form an opinion of the fpecics; and I have only mentioned the others, to demonftrate that the temper and difpofition, even in ani-` mals, proceed from nature, and not from education.

This bad difpofition, which makes them break their eggs and kill the nestlings, often proceeds from their temperament and from the impetuofity of their love; it is to enjoy the female that they drive her from the nest, and deftroy the tender objects of her affection,

fame cage, and at the proper feafon, introduce the male, who will inftantly endeavour to beat the two hens, especially for a few days at firft; but they, flanding upon their de fence, will foon gain the abfolute command of him; io that feeing he can gain nothing by force, he will begin to grow tame and enamoured. Thefe forced marriages fometimes fucceed better than others from which much more has been expected, and which often produce nothing. In order to preferve the brood, you must take away the eggs as the hen lays them, and fubftitute others of ivory; and when they are all laid, the cock muft be removed, the eggs replaced, and the hen left to hatch them. The cock is to be kept in a cage, in the fame room, while the hen is fitting on her eggs and feeding the young. but as loop as you take away the young to feed them with a tick, you must relieve the cock, and restore him to the female.

Traite des Serins des Canaries,

There are fome cocks of a weakly habit, carelefs of love, and always fickly after pair ing. Thefe fhould never be used for breeding, for I have obferved, that their iffue al ways refembles them. There are others fo petulant, that they beat the hen off the neft, and prevent her from fitting thefe are the ftrongeft birds, the beft fingers, and often the most beautiful and familiar; others break the eggs and kill the young, that they may the longer enjoy the female. Others have a remarkable predilection, and marked preference for certain females. A cock placed among twenty hens, will fingle out one or two, which he will conftantly attend and make love to, without minding the reft. These cocks are of a good natural temper, which they communicate to their progeny. Others do not attach themselves to any female, but remain fterile and inactive. The fame difference of temper and manners is found among the hens. The jonquil-coloured hens are the gentleft; the agates are capricious, and often quit their young to give themselves to the male: the hen fpangled birds are conftant to their eggs, and good to their young; but the cock fpangled birds are the most ardent of their fpecies, and must be provided with two and even three hens, otherwife they will not fuffer the hen to fit, and they will break the eggs. Thofe that are entirely jonquil-coloured are nearly of the fame difpofition, and require two or three females." The cock agates are the weakeft, and the hens often die when fitting.

affection. Accordingly the best means of making thefe birds batch, is not to feparate them, and to put them in different cages. It is better to put them into a room well expofed to the fun, and to the ealt, in winter, where there are many hens and a few cocks: here they enjoy themselves more and multiply better when a hen fits, the cock finds him another mate, and does not difturb her.. Befides, the cocks have many quarrels among themfelves from jealoufy; and when they fee any one do ardent as to torment the female, and attempting to break the eggs, they beat him fufaciently to deaden his defires.

have no green thing while they are breeding, which would weaken the young too much; but in order to vary their food a little, and chear them with a new mefs, give them, every third day, on a plate, instead of the dry cake, a bit of white bread dipt in water and preffed with the hand; this bread not being fo fubflantial a food as the cake, will prevent their growing too fat while hatching: it will likewife be proper to give them, at the fame time, fome poppy feeds, but only once in two days for fear of heating them too much fogared bifcuit generally produces this effect, which is followed by another ftill more hurtful; for when they are fed og bufcuit they often lay addle eggs, or bring weak and fickly young. While they have young boil their rape feed to deprive "A long experi

When they are about to build, you muft furnish them with lint, the hair of oxen or ftags, which has not been employed in other ufes, with mofs and very fmall and dry ftraw. Gold-it of its acrimony. finches and Sikios, if put with hen Canary-birds, when mule birds are wanted, prefer fmall straw and mofs, but the Canary-birds like better to afe the hair and lint: thefe must be cut very small, for fear the threads fhould entangle the feet of the hen, and caufe her to pull the eggs from the neft as the rifes from it.

In feeding them, you must place in the room a hopper pierced all round fo as to admit their head, filled with a portion of the following compofition; three quarts of rape-feed, two of oats, two of millet and of hempfeed; every twelve or thirteen days the hopper is to be filled, taking care that thefe feeds are clean and well, winnowed. This food is proper as long as they have only eggs, but the evening before the young are to be excluded, they must have a dry cake kneaded without falt, which may be left till it is eaten up, and then you may give them eggs boiled hard; a Gngle hard egg if there are but two cocks and four hens; two eggs if there are four cocks and cight hens, and fo in propertion. They must

ence, fays father Bougot, has taught me, that this food is that which beft agrees with them, notwithstanding what all authors have faid, who have written expressly on the fubject."

After the eggs are all laid, give them plantane and lettuce feed to purge them, taking away however the young; for this food would weaken them, and must be given only for two days to the parent birds. When you wish to rear Canary-birds with the ftick, you must not, according to the directions of most bird-catchers, leave them with the mother to the eleventh or twelfth day; it is better to take away the young after the eighth day ́; take them away in the neft, and leave nothing but the cafe. The food of the nettlings must be previously prepared; it is a pafte compofed of boiled rape fced, a yolk of an egg and crumb of the cake mixed and kneaded with a little water, which is to be given them every two hours. This pafte must not be too liquid; and for fear of its growing four, it must be renewed every day till the young can feed themfelves.

Proofs

Proofs to afcertain that America was firft difcovered by the ancient Britons*. '

From "An Inquiry concerning the First Discovery of America, by the Europeans; by John Williams, L. L. D."

and contains little more, as he himself fays, than extracts from Llwyd, Hakluyt, and Powel.

In the Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. X. for the year 1740. p. 103, &c. the following narrative is inferred:

Thefe prefents may certify all perfons whatever, that in the ver 1660, being - an inhabitant of Virginia, and Chaplain to Major General Benner of Manfoman County, the faid Major Bennet and Sir William Berkeley fent two fhips to Port Royal, now called South Carolina, which is fixty leagues to the fouthward of Cape fair, and, I was fent therewith to be their Minifter. Upon the 8th of April we fer out from Virginia, and arrived at the harbour's mouth of Port Royal the 19th of the fame month, where we waited for the rest of the fleet that was to fail from Barbadoes and Bermuda with one Mr Weft, who was to be Deputy Governor of the faid place. As foon as the fleet came in, the fmaileft veffels that were with us failed up the river to a place called the Oyster Point. There I continued about 8 months, all which tinie being almost ftarved for want of provilions, I and five more travelled thro' the Wilderness, till we came to the Tufcorara country. There the Tuf corara Indians took us prifoners, because we told them that we were bound to Roanock. That night they carried us to their town, and fhut us up clofe to our no fmall dread. The next day they entered into a confultation About us, which, after it was over, their interpreter told us that we must prepare ourselves to die next mornmg. Whereupon being very much dejected and fpeaking to this effect in the British tongue, Have I escaped "fo many dangers, and muft I now "be knocked on the head like a "dog". then prefently an Indian Game to me, which afterwards appeared to be a War Captain belonging to the Sachem of the Doegs, (whofe original I find muft needs be from the

old Britons) and cook me up by the mid tle, and told me in the British tongue, I thould not die, and thereupon went to the Emperor of Tufcorara, and agreed for my ranfom, and the men that were with me. They then welcomed us to their town, and entertained us very civilly and cordially four months; during which time I had the opportunity of converfing with them familiarly in the British language, and did preach to them three times a week in the fame language; and they would confer with me about any thing that was difficult therein; and at our departure, they abundantly fupplied us with whatever was neceffary to our fupport and welldoing. They are settled upon Pontigo River, not far from Cape Atros. This is a brief recital of my travels, among the Doeg Indians. Morgan Jones, the fon of John Jones of Bafaleg, near Newport, in the county of Monmouth. I am ready to conduct any Welshman, or others to the country. New York, March 10, 1685-6.

This letter was fent or given to Dr Thomas Lloyd of Penfylvania, by whom it was tranfmitted to Charles Llwyd Efq. of Dôl y från in Montgo merythire; and afterwards to Dr Kobert Plott by Edward Llwyd, A. M. Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford.

A letter written by Charles Lloyd, Efq. of Dôl y från, in Montgomeryfhire, published in 1777, by the Rev. N. Owen, junr. A. M. in a pamphlet entitled, British Remains," strongly confirms Mr Jones's narra tive, and of confequence, the truth of Madog's voyages. Mr Lloyd fays, in a letter, that he had been informed by a friend, that one Stedman of Breconfhire, about 30 years before the date of his letter, was on the coaft of America in a Dutch bottom, and being about to land for re freshment. the natives kept them off by force, till at last this Stedman told his fellow Dutch feamen that he B 2

underf