The Origins of the Royal Arms of England: Their Development to 1199

A.R. Wagner Adam-Even adopted Ambroise Angevin Anglo-Norman armorial bearings arms of England associative devices banners battle Bayeux Tapestry bore Brault Campdaveine Chapter Chretien de Troyes Chronicle Coat of Arms colour Count of Flanders Count of St counterseal Crusade depicted development of heraldry Earl Early Blazon emblems English evidence example father feudal fleur de lys Fulcher of Chartres Galbreath Harmondsworth Henry Henry's heraldic devices heraldry History Itinerary John king of England King of Leon knights leopards lion device lion shield lions passant guardant London Manuel du Blason Matthew Paris Medieval Norman Orderic Vitalis Oxford Philip d'Alsace Pipe Roll recognised Richard Roger of Howden Rolls of Arms Rolls Series royal arms Royal Heraldry seal shield device single lion rampant St Pol Stenton three lions passant tournament Tristan twelfth century usages heraldiques vol.i vols Paris vols Rolls Series Wace William of Malmesbury William of Poitiers