Rubus Chamamorus. Cloud-berries, Knot-berries, or Dwarf Mulberries, in turfy bogs on the mountains. Rubus saxatilis. Stone Bramble, or Raspis; among stones, on the sides of mountains.

Rumex digynus. Round-leaved Mountain Sorrel : on the mountains, frequent.

Rumex sanguineus. Blood-wort; in woods, at Old Hall, and elsewhere.

Salix herbacea. Herbaceous Willow; on the mountains.

Salix pentandria. Bay-leaved Sweet Willow; on the mountains,

Salix reticulata.

mountains.

Round-leaved Willow; on the

Samolus valerandi. Round-leaved Water Pimpernel; on Brigstear-moss.

Satyrium viride fuscum. Brown Satyrion; in Helsfel Nab, near Kendal.

Saxifraga autumnalis. Yellow Autumnal Saxifrage; in mountains.

Saxifraga caspitosa. Small Mountain Sengreen; on the mountains upon Ambleside.

Saxifraga hypnoides. Ladies Cushion, or Trifid Sengreen; on the mountainous places.

Saxifraga stellaris. Hairy Saxifrage, or Kidneywort, or Hardknot and Wrenose, by Buckbarrow-well. Scandix odorata. Sweet Cicely, or Sweet Fern; in hedges and orchards, frequent.

Schoenus albus. White-flowered Rush-grass; in marshes, plentifully.

Schoenus compressus. Compressed Bastard Cyperus, or Flat-spike Cyperus-rush; in boggy marshes. Schoenus ferrugineus. Broad Bastard Cyperus, or Dwarf Marsh-rush; in turfy bogs,

Schoenus mariscus. Long-rooted Bastard Cyperus;

on

on the hedge of Conzic Tarn, near Kendal, plentifully.

Sedum Anglicum. English Stonecrop; on rocks, Winander-mere, and a few rocks in Lonsdale and at Rydal.

Serapias latifolia palustris. A variety of Broadleaved Bastard Hellebore; in marshy places at Kendal. Serapias longifolia. White-flowered Bastard Hellebore; in a wood near Askham Hall.

Sipthorpia europea. Bastard Money-wort; in shady marshes, and near springs and rivulets, about Lonsdale and Buck barrow-well.

Solidago cambrica. Welsh Golden Rod; on the

mountains.

Sparganium simplex natans. The Least Bur-reed ; in ponds, lakes, and gently-flowing rivers, everywhere. Splachnum vasculosum. Common Splachnum ; on mountainous and moist heaths, everywhere.

Statice Armeria.

Common Thrift, or Sea Gillyflower; in mountainous meadows, and on rocks and in meadows near the sea,

Stellaria nemorum.

Broad-leaved Stich-wort, or

Great Mountain Chick-weed; in moist woods and hedges, and in banks of rivers, everywhere.

Stipa pennata. Feather-grass; on the lime-stone rocks hanging over Lonsdale.

Sisymbrium Nasturtium. A variety of Watercresse; in Helsington-Lath dales, near Kendal. Taxus baccata. Eugh-tree; on the mountains. Thlaspi alpestre. Perfoliate Bastard Cresse; on the moist linestone pastures.

Tragopogon caruleum. Purple Goat's-beard; in meadows and pastures: at Old Hall.

Tremella utriculata, Bladder Tremella; in moun◄

tainous rivulets,

Trichomanes tunbrigense. Tanbridge Trichomanes on Buzzardrough Crag, near Wrenose, among the moss on the mountains, frequent.

Trientalis europea. Chick-weed Winter-green; in woods and on turfy heaths.

Trifolium filiforme. Small Trefoil; in Kendal Fell.

Trollius Europaus.

lans; in moist lands.

Vaccinium oxycoccus.

mosses about Kendal.

Globe-flower, or Locker-gow

Cranberry; on the boggy

Vaccinium Vitis Idea. Red Whorts, or Whortle Berries; in marshy heaths and mountainous places. Vaccinium uliginosum, Great Bilberry-bush; in Whinfield Forest.

Valeriana Locusta. A variety of Lamb's Lettice, or Corn Sallet; in Helsington-Lath dales, near Kendal.

Veronica scutellata. Narrow-leaved Water Speedwell; on Brigstear-moss.

Vicia sylvatica. Tufted Wood Vetch; about Kirby Lonsdale Bridge, and by the Patton-beck, near Kendal.

Viola grandiflora, Yellow Violet, or Pansies; in the mountainous pastures.

Viscum album. Misseltoe; on apple trees, in Brig stear and Lyth.

Utricularia minor, Lesser-hooded Milfoil; in turfy bogs.

Utricularia vulgaris. Common-hooded Milfoil; on Brigstear-moss.

Ulva pruniformis. Plumb Laver; in alpine lakes,

THE PRINCIPAL WOKKS

That have been Published in Illustration of the

Topography, Antiquities, &c. of

Westmoreland.

THE Rev. Thomas Machel, M. A. fellow of Queen's College, Oxford, and rector of Kirkby Thore, employed himself with great assiduity, from his first entrance in the university to his death, in collecting materials for an history of this county; and, as his collections multiplied, an history also of Cumberland, and left the whole in great confusion to Bishop Nicholson, who says in a preface, that they consisted of such loose papers, and were so imperfect and indigested that he could not think of completing the design; but he gathered the fragments together, and bound them in six volumes, folio, which he lodged in the library of the dean and chap ter of Carlisle. His lordship communicated some of his own observations in this part of his diocese to Bishop Gibson.

A small history of the eminent families in this county, drawn up by Sir Daniel Fleming, remains in MS. at Rydali and another copy in the Bodleian library.

Christopher Rawlinson, Esq. of Clark-hall, Lancashire, left a large collection of MSS." among which are many par ticulars relating to this county and Cumberland. Copies of these are at Rydal.

James Bird, of Brougham, Esq. who had been steward at Appleby, collected, in alphabetical order, matters relating to the townships or manors here holden of that castle from the same materials used by Machel, and from others not seen by him. Mr. Bird seems to have had a most ample repository of old evidences; but only these remain preserved by Sir Daniel Fleming.

The united labours of Mr. Machel and Bishop Nicholson, were published in "The history and antiquities of the two Counties, by Joseph Nicholson, Esq. of Hawkshead (nephew to the bishop), and Dr. Burn, 1777, in two volumes." 4to.

This county was visited with Cumberland by St. George, 1615; and by Sir William Dugdale, 1664 and 1665.

"An essay towards a natural history of Westmoreland and Cumberland, wherein an account is given of their seve

M 2

ral

136 ral mineral and surface productions, with some directions how to discover mines by the external and adjacent strata, and upper covers, &c. To which is annexed, a vindication of the philosophical and theological paraphrase of the Mosaic system of the creation, &c. By Thomas Robinson, rector of Ousby in Cumberland. London, 1709, 8vo. author of the "Anatomy of the earth, 1694." 4to. His son had the living of Egremont, p. 85.

LIST OF TOPOGRAPHICAL WORKS.

Some coins found here, and published by Bishop Gibson, in p. 814, of his Britannia, induced a learned foreigner to write "De argento Runis seu literis Gothicis insignito, quod delineatum in Camdeni Britannia Anglice nunc loquente et ampliata literate exhibetur orbi, sententia Nicolai Kederi, regii antiquitatum collegii, quod Holmiæ est, assessoris. Lipsia, 1703." 4to.

In the Philosophical Transactions, No. elviii. p. 555, is a letter to Sir William Dugdale, from Mr. Machel, March 25, 1684, concerning Roman antiquities found in his parish of which see Horsley, p. 289, and two large fir vessels fixed in the ground as a well.

Further account of Roman antiquities in this county may be found in the Gentleman's Magazine, for August, 1738, p. 417; and June, 1753, p. 270: of Maiden Way and Castle, by Mr. Pegge, in that for June, 1755, p. 272: of Willington Bridge, over the Lone, with a print, and of a halo seen May 24, 1753, near Kirby Lonsdale, in that for August, 1753, p. 355, 370, by S. Parrot. In that for May, 1754, p. 230, a description of Kirby Stephen; and of a romantic valley, near Wildbore Fell, by. J. Harris, in that for February, 1761, p. 72. In that for July, 1776, p. 310, account of foundations, &c. found 1774, in a field called the Quanyrs, in Dalton Hali demesne, near Burton, in Kendal.

In the Philosophical Transactions is an account of a stone hatchet found near Haversham, by Mr. Lort. Archæol. II. 125. Account of opening one of the largest barrows on Sandford Moor, in a letter from Mr. William Preston, of Warcop hall, 1766. Ib. p. 273.

"An Excursion to the Lakes in Westmoreland and Cumberland, Aug. 1773. Lond. 1774." 8vo. republished, "with a tour through part of the northern_counties, in the years 1773 and 1774. By W. Hutchinson. Lond. 1776." 8vo. The author, an attorney of Barnard's Castle, made this excursion with his brother, who died soon after, leaving a variety of drawings,