The Bully Culture: Enlightenment, Romanticism, and the Transcendental Pretense, 1750-1850

abstract already appears argued arguments artistic attack attempt authority became become Beethoven beginning believed bourgeois bourgeoisie called century Christian classical common concept concern criticism culture David defended Delacroix demands Enlightenment Europe example existence experience expression fact Faust force France freedom French genius German give Goethe happiness Hegel human idea ideal ideology important individual Ingres insisted interests Italy Kant Kant's Kierkegaard King knowledge later less live Marx matter means middle moral Napoleon nature necessary never objects once painting Paris particular passion philosophers political possible Press pretense principles pure rational reason rejected religion Revolution romantic romanticism Rousseau rules sense simple social society spirit style things thinking thought tion truth turned ultimate understand universal Voltaire whole York young