Pausanias arrived in "the nick of time." The plunder of Greece by Rome had begun, and the decline of Greece had set in. It was the time, however, of Lucian, the most modern and advanced in thought of the early Greeks, and of the Antonines. Hadrian had enriched Greece, and Herodes Atticus, besides giving the ungrateful Athenians the magnificent theatre of Regilla and numerous other treasures, had extended his munificence to Corinth, the Peloponnese, and Boeotia. Concerning Pausanias, more noticeable for the information he conveys than for style-in which, indeed, he is notably deficient-it may be said, as was said of a much earlier and infinitely greater traveller, Herodotus, that he is almost always trustworthy when giving the results of his own observation, and only or chiefly misleading when he takes information at secondhand. We will not deal with the defence undertaken at many points, and notably with that concerning the Enneacrunus fountain in Athens, which Pausanias apparently supposes to have been on a wrong site. There is, indeed, no call for detailed criticism of Dr. Frazer's work. Our purpose is only to bring before public attention a book which will be read with pleasure by those interested in Greek mythology and antiquities, and one which must add to the enjoyment of the best Pausanias' conequipped traveller in Greece. stitutes one of the "Eversley Series." Studies in John the Scot (Erigena). By Alice Gardner. (Frowde.) MISS GARDNER has contributed an admirable monograph on that mysterious personage John the Scot, otherwise John the Irishman. Readers of N. & Q.' may be supposed to be much above the average in erudition. We doubt, however, if very many even among these know much more concerning this NeoPlatonist mystic than they know concerning the real author of the works attributed to Dionysius Areopagitica," which he translated for Charles the Bald. The little that can be said concerning the man is principally negative. He was not the man he is held to have been; was not, in fact, the other fellow." He was a little, merry man, whose companionship Charles prized, but neither his mirthfulness nor the smaliness of his stature preserved him from enemies or suspicion of heresy. That by calling him a Scot an Irishman was intended is, of course, known to all who are aware that Scotland at this time had no such culture as existed in Ireland. The root of the name Erigena," moreover, is found in Erin. Curiously enough he was apparently not an ecclesiastic. Nullis ecclesiasticæ dignitatis gradibus insignitum," says Prudentius. The mass of myth that has surrounded him has been carefully sifted by Miss Gardner, whose chief object in writing the book has been to show the relation of the philosophy of Scotus to the thought of his times. There is much that still repays attention in the mystical significance which John the Scot assigned to Christian doctrine. Scotus, his biographer maintains, was not naturally controversial. He succeeded, however, in becoming engaged in some heated arguments concerning his mystical interpretation of predestination the sacraments, &c., taking part in what our author calls "a dull, interminable war of words, waged with a perverted faith, an unjustified hope, and a conspicuous absence of charity." We cannot follow Miss Gardner in her task. We can only say that her book will prove eminently attractive to a class of readers, and will introduce to many a curious and interesting individuality, and perhaps, also, a little studied epoch. Storyology. By Benjamin Taylor. (Stock.) MR. TAYLOR's not too happily named work-should it not be storiology? gives a readable and popular account of folk-lore. In talking of those who claim to have been up to the moon, Mr. Taylor mentions only Lucian and M. Jules Verne. Surely Cyrano de Bergerac is sufficiently in evidence just how to merit mention. In his Etats et Empires de la Lune' he describes the means by which he ascended or was exhaled to the moon, as well as what he saw when he arrived there. We meet with some curious slips: the learned author of Pseudodosia Epidemica" for 'Pseudodoxia Epidemica, John Andrey" for John Audrey, &c. In its unpretentious way the book merits recognition. THE Quebec Diocesan Gazette for March contains an appreciative obituary notice of Dr. Aspinwall Howe, and records the great services he rendered to the McGill University at Montreal, as well as his work as Rector of the High School during fortythree years. Dr. Howe was an old friend of N. & Q.,' and has bequeathed his beautifully bound copy to the High School, the condition being that the work be regularly subscribed for in future. Dr. Howe died on 13 February at the age of eighty-five. Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." SCRUTATOR.-The feathery forms of frost are due to a particular formation of crystals. Consult a scientific manual. CORRIGENDA.-P. 471, col. 1, 1. 18, for "Charles I." read Charles V.; p. 486, col. 1, 1. 19 from bottom, for "lime" read carbonate of lime. NOTICE. Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries'"-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher" at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception. ERTIFICATES of BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, and FROM WILLIAMS & NORGATE'S DEATHS, COFIES of WILLS, &c., obtained. Pedigrees traced LIST. NOW READY, COMPLETE IN TWO VOLUMES, Demy 8vo. price each 10s. 6d. Armorial Bearings examined and compared with the Official Records. Heraldic Queries answered.-L. 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[For classified articles, see ANONYMOUS WORKS, BIBLIOGRAPHY, BOOKS RECENTLY PUBLISHED, EDITORIAL, EPITAPHS, A. on the dukes, stablemen's term, 92 A. (G. E. P.) on Pickwickian phrase, 275 Watson (Thomas), his poems, 227 A. (S.) on Archbishop Ussher, portrait of, 188 'Charlotte Temple: a Tale of Truth,' 218 Accum (F. E.), his biography, 267, 361, 458 "La fe endrycza al sobieran ben," 258 Adams (J. G.) on Deadman's Place burial-ground, 209 Addy (S. O.) on argh, its derivation, 346 Boundary stones in open fields, 441 Emery family, 27 English coinage, its origin, 29, 149 Gavel and shieling, the words, 210 House as a measure of arable land, 349 Messuage, its derivation, 520 Petigrewe, its etymology, 117, 233 Adelbright, Rex Norfolciæ, his biography, 89, 257 Advertisement competition, eighteenth century, 105 Africa, South, " grave of great reputations," 48, 156 African, South, war; form of intercession, 184; Eng- Africander Afrikander, 89 Ainger (A.) on Helen Faucit and Margaret Gillies, 147 Aldenham (Lord) on "In Gordano," its meaning, 359 Algoa, meaning of the name, 336, 424 Alkin (Elizabeth), "Parliament Joan," her biography, Allen (Grant) and iron mines in Warwickshire, 515 Alum trade in England, 188, 233, 295 Ambassador, Spanish, in Walpole's letters, 269 America, South, life in, 396, 481 Anchylostomiasis or ankylostomiasis, bowel disease, Anderson (J. L.) on Dryden's oaks in Scott, 273 St. Pancras's Church, Canterbury, 94 Salmon disease, 191 Wardlaw (Cardinal), Bishop of Glasgow, 1368, 74 513 Andrews (H.) on dozzil or dossil, 17 Gold, rubbing the eyes with, 104 Sir John, priest's nickname, 97 Angus (George) on arms of peeresses, 184 Notes and Queries, July 28, 1900. Anonymous Works:- 'Adventures in the Moon,' 128, 254 'Home Life of English Ladies in the Seventeenth 'New Critical Review of Public Buildings, &c., "Another......to," use of the expression, 124, 256 Appearance electoral nomination, 11 April Fools' Day, 247 Archidiaconal visitations in the sixteenth century, 496 Argine on 'Diary of Lady Frances Pennoyer,' 494 Poe (E. A.), his Hop-Frog,' 235 Armstrong (R. B.) on wire-strung Irish harp, 269 Nefs, model ships, 36 Plocks, the, its meaning, 382 Poet's immortality predicted by himself, 481 Thé Beurré, 9, 290 Town gates outside London, 363 Virtues and vices, 444 Army, Field-Marshals during second half of eighteenth Arnott (S.) on choys, its meaning, 356 Corney House, Chiswick, 137 Artists' mistakes, 32, 317, 400 Ashcroft (H. J.) on life in South America, 396 Aske (Samuel), his ancestry, 269 Assembly rules, account of, by Charles Dickens, 415 Embroidery, antique escutcheon, 245 Whiskers, 197 Yorkshire dialect, 33 Astrolabe clock, 148 Atkins (A. G.) on Willis and Puckridge families, 49 Attwell (H.) on hot-cross buns, 334 Austin (Alfred), Poet Laureate, his 'To Arms!' 6, 277 Axon (W. E. A.) on Charlotte Brontë, 449 Caxton, his good priest, 310 Charlotte (Queen) as an author, 373 Discoverer of photography, 464 Forshaw (Rev. Charles), 421 George II., a son of, 106 "Soft as a toad," 54 Traeth Mawr, reclamation of, 324 Vine a flexible shoot, 194 Witchelt wet-shod, 58 Word corruption, 217 Wound for winded, 4, 177, 505 B. (D. L.) on Richard Whitcombe, 314 B. (E.) on "I'll hang my harp on a willow tree," 375 B. (G.) on several, uses of the word, 504 B. (G. F. R.) on biography of F. E. Accum, 267 Adderley (George and Richard), 228 Buller (Edward and Henry), their biographies, 208 Byng (E. J. S.), his biography, 208 |