427 COMBS and PINS of bone, of the Viking period, found in Orkney. 428 Silver PIN, of Viking type, found in Orkney. Lent by J. GRAHAM CALLANDER. Lent by JAMES M. GOUDIE. Lent by L. M'L. MANN. 429 Gilt Bronze PLAQUE, found in Galloway, probably Viking. 430 Hilt of SWORD, of Viking type, found in Bute. Lent by MARQUIS OF BUTE. 431 Various OBJECTS, showing Viking influence, found in west coast of Scotland. Lent by L. M'L. MANN. Lent by L. M'L. MANN 432 OBJECTS, found in Viking Grave-mound, Colonsay. 433 Bronze PIN, with crozier-like head, probably Viking, found in Orkney. Lent by J. W. CURSITER. 434 Portions of Viking Bronze BROOCHES. Lent by DUKE OF SUTHERLAND. 435 OBJECTS, of the Viking period, found in shore sites, West Scotland. Lent by L. M'L. MANN. 436 Pair of Silver SCALES, with weights, of Viking character, found in Island of Gigha. Lent by the UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. 437 OBJECTS from Viking burials, Western Islands. Lent by A. HENDERSON BISHOP. 438 CASE Containing Stone Ball and Beads, with spiral ornamentation, suggesting a connection between Norwegian art and that of Scotland. Objects lent by DR. GRIERSON'S MUSEUM, THORNHILL, 439 Viking LINEN SMOOTHER of glass. Lent by L. M'L. MANN. 440 Mediaeval POTTERY, with Viking Linen Smoother of glass, from Loch of Friars' Carse, Dumfriesshire. Lent by DR GRIERSON'S MUSEUM, THORNHILL. 441 Glass LINEN SMOOTHER, with handle. Lent by MUSEUM ASSOCIATION, KIRKCUDBRIGHT. 442 KLIBBER, Shetland pack-saddle fixture for the back of ponies, to carry a load on either side. Old Norse Kljuf-ber. Lent by GILBERT GOUDIE. 444 443 Model of CAISHEY & basket used in Shetland for carry. burdens). 445 Viking SWORD, from Island of Sazlay. Orkner. Lezi by J. W. CUESITER 446 Viking HELMET, from Island of Sanday. Orkney. Lent by J. W. CURSITER. 447 Viking AXE, from Island of Sanday. Orkney. Lent by J. W. CURSITER. PREHISTORIC GALLERY [Supplementary to this Catalogue there is in preparation Scottish Pre-History Outlined," an illustrated handbook wherein will be found in narrative form the substance of the Wall Charts and Descriptive Labels shown in the Gallery.] To give at a glance a survey of the Scottish Prehistoric Epochs which bear upon the human occupation of the area, and their approximate chronological valuations, Sixteen Large Wall Charts are placed in their sequence in time round this Room, beginning at the left on entering and finishing at the right. A like sequence has been attempted in the position of the relics. The vast space of time between the Period of Greatest Glaciation in Scotland and the Birth of Christ has been divided into Sixteen Periods. As a rule, the younger the period the shorter is its estimated duration. The Charts demonstrate in tentative outline and in brief and plain language the oscillatory movements in the relative level of land and sea, the successive changes in humidity and temperature and in plant and animal life. Particular attention has been paid to the traces of Man's presence and to episodes such as his attack upon the whales stranded above Stirling, and to his importation of large Flint Flakes from Ireland at an early period, possibly during the first, probably during the second Forestian Period, an interesting trade connection which has hitherto escaped notice. Below the Large Charts have been placed about forty smaller Notices describing facts, some of which are entirely new to Scottish and even to European Prehistoric Archaeology, and are demonstrated by the relics laid out in the cases. The existence of two Scottish Flint-working Periods, probably greatly differing in time, is shown by cases containing eighty-seven flint implements, re-chipped at a later period. These, including four specimens recently gifted to the British Museum, are the only known Scottish specimens. Among the subjects dealt with are Ancient Industrial Processes-for example, the Manufacturing, Hafting, Repair and Re-making of Stone Axes; the Making of Jet or Cannel Coal Ornaments; the Making of Implements of Flint, Pitchstone, Porphyry, Felstone, Quartzite, and other stones; the Working in Gold and Silver; Stone Age Carpentry Work; the Making of Pottery; the Casting of Bronze Tools and Ornaments; the manufacture of Green Vitreous Paste Beads early in the Bronze Age, and of Yellow Glass Beads in the Early Iron Age; and the manufacture of Stone-tipped Arrows. The Metallurgy of Bronze and Iron is dealt with by |