his fuccefs against Aftekin, iii. 68, alfo in Egypt, 71. Al Aziz, the fon of Jalalo'ddawla, fucceeds him at Baghdad, iii. 233. Fatemite khalif of Egypt, his kindness to Manfur Ebn Mokthar, iii. 226. Alba, (Duke of), fent into the Low Countries, xxi. 284. His meafures in the Netherlands ferve to establish the Dutch republic, and the princefs Margaret refigns the government, 286. His recall defired by the emperor's brother ill received by the king of Spain, 292. His imprudence at Antwerp difpleafes his mafter, 295. Reduces Portugal, after twice defeating don Antonio, 306. Albanians confederate against foltan Morad, and are defeated, xii. 63. Albany, Duke of, his progrefs in Florence, xxvi. 483. Albemarle, the Dutch general, bombards Arras, xxv. 198. Duke of, after a four days fight with de Ruyter, afterwards defeats Van Tromp, xxxi. 460. Duke of, governor of Jamaica, xli. 361. Dies by intemperance, 362. —, Earl of, lands on the island of Cuba, li. 473. Begins and continues the fiege of the Havanna, with the vaft difficulties attending it, 474. Two accidents retard his operations, 476. Poffeffes a covered way, and makes a lodgment, 477. Repulfes a vigorous fally, ib. Springs a mine, which makes a breach in the Moro cafle, which he takes by ftorm, 478. The piace capitulates, and the articles, 479. Alberigo is worfted by the Florentines, and why fent for in chains to Milan, with the daily defection of the Milanefe troops, xcvi. 247. Alberoni, Cardinal, his amazing efforts, and the allies refolution to deprive the queen of Spain's illue of the fucceffion to the duchies of Tuscany, Parma,, and Placentia, xxxvii. 103. Kindles a war in Italy, 200. Vaft projects, xlii. 378. His plot against the regent of France difcovered, and war declar ed against Spain, ib. Expedition against Britain, in favour of the pretender, under Ormord, 378. The Spanish fleet, with the embarkation fhipwrecked, 379. His fcheme for a diverfion in Scotland frustrated by Wightman, ib. Is difimified, 384. Albert of Bavaria, war between him and his brother Chriftopher, with peace concluded, II. 456. Mt. xlii. 199. IV. the Wife, xlii. 190. V. the Magnanimous, introduces the privilege of bithright, xlii. 190. -I. furnamed the Triumphant, duke of Auftria and emperor of Germany, the nobles of Auftria and Stiria revolting against him, a peace is concluded, xxix. 241. His haughty reply to Adolphus on the latter's propofing a match between his own fon and Albert's daughter, 245. Elected emperor, and the electors fpeech on that occafion, 249 (L). Takes the Jews into his protection, notwithstanding which the famous Mordecai of Auftria is hanged by the people of Nuremberg, 251. Re-elected and crowned at Aix la Chapelle, in a vast concourfe, when fever 1 perfons were squeezed to death, 252. Solicits the pope's confirmation, which he at laft obtains, and has an interview with Philip of France at Vaucouleur, where the antient leagues are renewed, and an alliance concluded, 253. The ecclefiaftic electors, in a diet at Toul, protest against the articles, with the pope's behaviour on the occafion, ib. Engages in a war against John d'Avenes about the fucceffion to Holland and Weft Friesland, 254; but a body of imperialifts being cut to pieces by John, and the emperor's hafty retreat to Cologne, a peace is concluded, ib. The emperor publishes ftatutes with regard to the charge of electors, and quarrels with the ecclefiaftical ones, ib. and the pope lending a deaf ear to his complaint, the emperor refolves to right himself by force, and the electors letter to the pope with his anfwer, in which he forbids them to acknowledge Albert, 255. The ecclefiaftical electors complain before the elector Palatine, who pronounces the emperor coavifted, ib. Declares war against the ecclefiaftical electors, compelling them to fue for peace, with the terms, 256. Invades Bohemia, with his ravages there, but is obliged to retreat with lofs, 257. His re election confirmed by the pope, and the very humbling conditions granted by the emperor, ib. Seizes the kingdom of Bohemia for his fon Rodolphus, but on his fudden death, two factions are formed, 259. The emperor obliged to return with his army, and leave Henry in peaceable poffeffion of Bohemia, ib. fpoules Philip of Nafau's claim to Mifaia and Thuringia against Frederic, who entirely defeats the imperialifts at Luchau, ib. Oppreffes the Swifs contrary to his father's conduct, 261. His rapacity for aggran sizing his family, 263. He refuses to do justice to his nephew joha duke of Suabia, 264, who enters into a conspiracy against his uncle, and the latter is affaffinated near Schaffhaufen, with the fate of the regi cides, and a cloifter erected on the spot where the emperor was murdered, 265. Ilis ife and character differently reprefented, ib. (). E the Deformed, duke of Aufala, attempts in vain to fubdue the Swifs, xxix. 312. the Magnanimous, due ! A. ftria, Sue 1 2 fucceeds his father in law Sigifmund in the empire, Hungary, and Bohemia, with his character and other particulars, xxx. 407. Defeats his competitor Cafimir, and is crowned at Prague, 4c8. He, together with the German princes, agrees to a neutrality with regard to the difputes betwixt the pope and the council of Bal, xxvi. 155. xxix. 4c9. Renews the engagements of public fecurity to that council, and their favour in return, ib. (F). After his coronation he reforms feveral abufes in the adminiftration of justice, regulates the imperial tribunal of Aufregues, &c. fupprefies the fecret and Weftphalia judgment, ib. but does not abolith the remarkable manner of proceeding against theft in Klagenfurt, 410. Confirms the neutrality of the German princes, and propofcs a general council in fome third town, ib. Takes the field against the Turks, but dies on his return to Vienna, 411. Leaves his emprefs big with Ladislaus, ib. Ilis ifte, ibid. The bafis of the power of the house of Aufiria, with an account of his perfon and character, 412. 200. prince Maurice in the battle of Newport, 162. Lays fiege to Oftend, 168. which is taken by Spinola, 180. The archduke's deplorable fituation, with the confequences prevented by Spinola's return, 182. Deputies arrive at the Hague to make proposals, with the states aníwer, and their claiming to be treated as a free people, 194 (A). Declaration from Spain, ratifying the archduke's propofals, objected to by the flates, 199. A fecond ratification alfo objected to, Remonftrance from the emperor, with the ftates general anfwer, 201. The Jatt ratification allowed by the provincial ftates to be a fufficient bafis for a truce or peace, 201. The ftates general now ready to enter on the negotiation, ib. Plenipotentiaries fet out for the congrefs, with the congratulatory meeting of Spinola and Manrice, 202. The archduke and republic are reconciled, through the abject fubmiffions of the latter, 214. His death, 236. Albert of Saxony made hereditary podefta of Weft Friefland, xxix. 471, whom the ishabitants oppofe, and their claims of right, 472 (H). The duke diffuaded from refigning it, ib. Takes Lawenburgh, xxxii. 190. Albert IV. furnamed the Prodigal, duke of Auftria, a quarrel between him and his brother the emperor, which, though com, Earl of Orlemund, who fold Hamburg promifed, is renewed, and Albert is repulfed from Vienna, whute two factions reign, xxxix. 437: Marquis of Brandenburgh, twice routed by Maurice electer of Saxony, xxx. 67. Efcapes to Franconia, and is afterwards comprehended in the truce of Vaucelles, 68. Archduke of Auftria, and cardinal, makes an irruption into France, xxiv. 3(8. Refigns his hat and the archbishoptic of Toledo, xxi. 323. Appointed governor of the Netherlancs, with Philip's delions, xxxi. 129. His character, and procures the liberty of Philip, eldet ten to the late William et Naku, with reftitution to his eftates and honour, 130. Ambay from the ftates general to Philip, with his oblicing anfwer, ib. Arrival of Albert in the Netherlands, Receives fealty fiem Brabant. xxt. 28. Tikes Calais, xxx. 131, and reduces Helft, 172. Contract of marrige te.ween him and the infanta Habella, but, on his repairing to Madrid, editions erite among the troops, 142. Appoints his brother, carcinal Andrea of Auftria, to fucceed him in the gove ment, itid. 121. to the inhabitants, fet at liberty by Albert of Saxony, xxxii. 190. furnamed Achilles and Ulyffes, elector of Brandenburg, his military exploits, xlii. 233. Re-unites Franconia to the electorate, and the partition among his fons, after which he abdicates, ib. - Marquis of Brandenburgh, laft grand mafter of the Teutonic knights, and a feries of them up to Walpot the first, xxx.v. 477. - fucceeds his brother Aldobrandin of Efte, with his character and poifeffions, xxxvii. 456. -, commander of the Hugonot colony in Florida, is murdered by them, xl. 395. Their great difrefs, and taken up at fea by an English thip, ib. the Great, fecond duke of Brunfwic, cedes Luneburg to his fecond brother Jahn, and reduces his rebellious fubjects, xlii. 214. Goes to England, and marries Adelheid, fifter of Otho of Montferrat, and obtains a grant for Hamburg to trade with that kingdom, then acquires Grubenhagen and dies, b. Lipoufes the prince's, bella, xxi. 332. xxi. 142. Returrs with his confort to the Low Countries, where, after tome difficulty from the archiduches, they take the oaths at Louvain, 153. PioCzecs to Flanders, with powers to treat with queen Elizabeth at Doulogne, xvi. 333. Ile march s to attack ivizuice, a detachment of whele army, under Ent of Nafiau, is . 100. Totally defeated by the Grofs, unites the lines of Gottingen and Brunfwic, xlii. 214. Duke of Mecklenburgh, his war with the duke of Stettin, and peace concluded, xiii. 292. Balances between the parties in the north, 293. Reduces Fionia, 294. of Me.klenburgh, chofen king of Swecen in the room of Magnus depofed, xxxii. 274. xxxiii. 79. xlii. 295. Defeats and takes Manus pritler, with an accommodation between between them, and the terms, xlii.295. Forms a confederacy againft Denmark, and how broken, 296. His claim to the crown of Denmark, and an affociation against him in Sweden, 297. Olaus chofen, and Margiret his mother regent, ib. Agreement made but not ratified, when Albert duke of Mecklenburg, father of king Albert, dies, 298. His diftreffes, and deleat by Margaret, where he and his fon Eric are taken prifoners, and Margaret's right to the throne recognized in Sweden, 299. Affifted by John duke of Mecklenburgh, who relieves Stockholm, 3co. A truce concluded between him and queen Margaret, with a ranfom raifed by the ladies of Mecklenburg, and their privileges on that account, 301. He returns to Mecklenburgh, and, on his fon Eric's death, fends a renunciation of the crown to Margaret, ib. State of the duchy through the vigorous measures of his brother Henry the Sufpenfor, ib. They do homage to Margaret and Eric her affociate, 302. War with Eric, andduke John obliged to a capitulation, when he and the other princes found the univerfity of Rostock, with the deaths of dukes Albert and John, is. The arts of peace cultivated till John dies without iffue, 303. Albert the Hanefome, account of his wars acain Chrifliern II. of Denmark, xlii. 307. Obliged to fubmit, and various accounts here, ib. Marriages and death, 3c8. the Aftrologer eftablishes the university of Vienna, xlii. 201. the Patient, xlii. 201. Alberti banished from Florence, and the occafon, xxxvi. 161. Factions prevail there after his banishment, and a fresh profecution cft's party, with the occafion and the consequences, 179. Albertus Magnus created bishop of Ratisbon, XIV. 403. Albigerte, their increafe to what owing, xxv, 442 (W). A crude published against them, Y). Their obftinate delence, 446. The king of France concluding a truce with England, fends his fon Lewis with an army asiall them, 458. According to Mathew Paris they chufe a pope as their head, 461. An army is fent against them and reduces them, with their fubmiffion, 466. Albizi (Renaldo) Machiavel's great character of him, xxxvi. 250 (C). Dilappointmot, and advising to trke up arms, which be and his party accordingly do, and on what occafion, 252. Two of the greatest men of his party refufe to join him in arms, and he fails of fucce, 253. On pope Eugenius's mediation he, with others, lays down his arms, but are banished, and he bears his fate like a brave man, 254. His dearb, 274. (Henry de) king of Navarre, his death, xxiv. 218. Albuquerque, (Alfonfo) his arrival at Hormuz, vi. 87. Bis conquefts there, proud demands from the king retufed, and his mi litary execution, 28. Builds a fort there, and brings the inland to fubmit, 90. Seizes on Malacca, vii. 218. (Don Francifco) his arrival in India, ix. 253. Reftores the king of Cochin, builds a flout fort near his copital, with his treachery and infolence to the famorin, 264 His vaft riches, and return, but is fhipwrecked and loft, 265 (T), (Alphonfo) fent admiral into India, is imprifoned by the viceroy, with his fucceffes and exploits, ix. 268 (V). Appoint ed viceroy, 270. Attacks Tienerin, 271. Entry into 'Goa, 272 (Y). Reduces and fortifies Malacca, 273 His great power and activity in India, 275. Hign char c-ter, 276. Submiffion of Idalcan, &c. and he feizes on the port of Ormuz, 277. Complimented by a Perfian embaffy, 278 Other projects which he did not live to execute, 279. Death and character, 280. - (Don Juan) retires from court, and all his creatures removed from their employments, xx. 302. Is poifoned by an Italian phyfician, 303. Alcacazon, a plant in Mechoacan, its ufes, xxxix. 138. Alcacovas, peace with Portugal, xxi. 160 (B). Alcala de Henares reduced by don Bernard, archbishop of Toledo, xx. 96. To whom the king makes a grant of it, 97. --, university of, founded, xxi. 219. fub not. (Duke de) appointed viceroy of Naples, with his character, xxviii. 279. Difperfes the banditti, and vigorously oppofes the ufurpations of the Romish church against. the king's prerogative, 280, particularly the bull of Pius V. in Cena Domini, and alo feveral other encroachments, 281. Provides for the defence of the kingdom againft the Turks, who ravage the coats, with his death and character, 232. (Duke de) fucceeds the duke of Alva in the viceroyalty of Naples, with the diftreffes of the nation, the wars in Lombardy, &c. xxviii. 298. Aks a general voluntary con K 3 tribution, tribution, and alienates the crown lands for Al Canderi, Togrul's wazir, imprisoned, iii. 252. Alcaleb Rabbi Ifaac Ben Tzadic, and Rabbi Alcantara poffeffed by the knights of St. Ju- Alcaraz, battle against the Moors, xx. 440, Alcaffar defcribed, xviii. 82. Why and by Alchaman, the Moorish general, invades Astu- Aldaba, a famous defert in Ethiopia, xv. 102. Its numerous anchorites, ib. Aldarate, disobeying Cortez's orders, is the oc- Aldobrandini fettles himself in Attalia, iv. Aldringhen killed in his march to Landshut, XXX. 212. Alem Shah, his conqueft of the kingdom of Al Emir Al Hamid fucceeds his father in Kho- Alenjik taken and deftroyed by Timur Bek, up, (Duke of) a formidable faction springs Aleppo threatened with a fiege, i. 438, and ́ 38. By Curuba, 54, and plundered by the Aleppo, caftle of, befieged by Abu Obeidah, citadel of, refigned to the Egyptian kha- Aletz obtains a good capitulation at Privas, III. fucceeds Adrian IV. in the papacy,' et canonized, 414. Writes to the emperor Alexander IV. elected pope on the death of V. upon his elevation to the pontifical (A). VL elected pope upon the death of In- tely folicit the French monarch, 241. VII. fucceeds Innocent X. with an ac- abftinence, and mortification, 454. Cardi- Alexander VIII. fucceeds pope Innocent XI. 12. fon of Cafimir II, and duke of Lithua- of Parma married in the Low Countries Farnele, Don, hiftory of, and his in- |