7 48 48 45 29.50 29.30 29.30) 8 42 44 42 29,60 29.80 29 95 9/4046 42 30,10 30.10 30. 5 10 43 48 46 29.90 29.90 29.90 1140 46 44 30.00 30.00 30.00 1238 50 50 30. 530. 530. 5 1350 60 60 30 00|29 90|29.80|| 1462160 50 29.60 29.50 29.30 S NW 15 50 46 38 30.28 30.28 30.28 NW NW 16 32 45 48 30.30 30.30 30.20 17 18 54 58 30 10 30.0029.85 S E 1856/5450 29.60 29.60 29.62 S S rain fair fair Dysente S fair cloudy ry, S rain cloudy Catarrh NW cloudy rain al affec 19 42 38 36,29.58|29.55|29.55 NW NW | rain snow tions, 20 32 34 34 29.70 29.80 29 85 NW NW cloudy cloudy Pleurisy, 21 30 38 34 29.90 29.90 29.90 N WNW fair fair Acute 22 32 43 43 29.90|29.90 29.80 N W S cloudy fair rheuma23 34 54 50 29 9029.50 29.50 S S fair cloudy tism. 24 10 44 40 29.70 29.90 29 90 WNW cloudy fair 25 34 42 34 29 92|29.90|29.90 NW NW cloudy fair S S cloudy cloudy 26 32 38 34 30 00 30.00 30.00 S S cloudy cloudy N cloudy rain cloudy cloudy | N W cloudy cloudy 332 34 32 30.25 30.20 30.15 N WIN W cloudy cloudy 432 38 36 29.70 29.60|29.65 S N W snow cloudy 5 28 30 26 29 70 29.85 29.85 N WN W❘ fair fair S S W IN W S W W lent. fair Rheucloudy matisms, cloudy cloudy Catarrhs cloudy cloudy Remitfair fair tent fe fair cloudy ver, fair fair Dysen snow rain tery, 6 22 26 22 29.85 29.85 29 80 N WN W cloudy cloudy Diseases 7 28 32 30 29.80 29.80 29.80N WN W fair cloudy preva8 24 28 24 29.80 29.75 29.70 N WN Wcloudy cloudy 9/18 24 22 29.76 29.75 29.72 N WN W fair 1024 32 28 29.72129.7029 65 S S fair 1126 28 26 29.6 29.58 29.50 N N 12 28 30 32 29.45 29.40 29.35) 13 32 30 26 29.35 29.50 29.50 1422 32 32 29.50 29.55 29 60 15 30 36 30 29.75 29.90 29.90 1634 36 38 29.70/29.40 29 40 17 34 42 38 29.60 29.6529.68 WN W fair fair Hooping 18 32 36 34 29.70 29 70 29.65 S S cloudy cloudy cough, 19/30 28 22 29.50 29.55 29.60 N WIN W snow snow Measles, 20 18 20 20 29.80 29.70 29.70 N WN W cloudy fair 21 22 32 32 29 70 29.70 29.75 NE NE cloudy cloudy 2226 34 32 29.75 29.60 29 58 S fair cloudy 23 36 26 34 29.50 39.50 29 50 W cloudy fair 24 22 34 24 29.50 29.50 29.78 S S [cloudy snow 25 1814 12 29.90 30.00 30.00 N WIN Wcloudy fair 26 210 20 30.00 29.90 29 70N WN W❘ fair fair 27 30 34 34 29.55 29.55 29.55 W W cloudy cloudy 28/4014054 29.72 29.7229.72 W cloudy cloudy S cloudy fair S S W 29130 38 36 29.70 29.60 29.60 S DESCRIPTION Of a Cavern near Bennington, Vermont, By JACOB GREEN. Read before the Society, April 4th, 1815. SUBTERRANEAN cavities are to be found in almost every mountain of calcareous formation, and many have already been explored and described. The cave at Antiparos in the Archipelago has obtained much celebrity-its lofty vaults, gloomy labyrinths, and fanciful grottoes have excited the atten-* tion of the traveller for many ages. A vast cavern in the side of Mount Paone in Greece has been described by a late writer with so much exactness, that we almost fancy ourselves, wandering with him through its long isles and deep recesses, and admiring its lofty domes of crystal, and its glittering columns of spar. These are the most remarkable caverns in the eastern world.-In the United States the caves in Virginia are the most celebrated. Madison's cave in the Blue ridge, and the blowing caves at Panthergap and in Cumberland mountain, are well known. In the state of Vermont there are several caverns, but that in Clarendon is the only one which has been described-It is probable from the high limestone mountains which intersect this state that many more extensive and remarkable will yet be discovered. The cavern which I shall now describe is in Mount Anthony, about one mile southwest from the P village of Bennington. This mountain is of an irregular conical form and is composed principally of Floetz lime stone-its height has never been precisely ascertained. On the eastern declivity about two hundred feet above the base is the entrance to the cavern; a narrow opening of not more than three feet in diameter. The lantern and torches are here prepared and the visitor descends perpendicularly by a ladder about 15 feet-the inclination of the ground from the landing place is about 20 feet, and the visitor proceeding forward 40 feet passes through a narrow alley and under an irregular arch, from four to 10 feet in height. Here the vault is so low and small that it is necessary to crawl upon the ground four or five feet, it is probable that the stalactitic matter which increases rapidly will eventually close this aperture. Passing this, the visitor enters a spacious hall 70 or 80 feet long, and 20 or 30 feet broad-the loftiness of its roof is lost in darkness and the thickness of the vapor makes the light of the torches faint, so that at a little distance they are almost obscured. One of our party ascended in this place about 30 feet and the torch which he carried could only occasionally be discovered, like a star in a cloudy night. The arch appears to be of the gothic form, and it may be owing to this circumstance and the thickness of the mist that the sound of the voice is but little increased by echo. At the extremity of this room you ascend by a ladder 20 feet, and creeping through a passage scarcely sufficient to admit a single person, another apartment is discovered, not as large however as the formerBeyond this there is another, which terminates the cavern, or at least that part of it which can now be explored, for it is more than likely from the appearance of a small fissure at the extremity of this room near the floor, that formerly there was here a passage to many extensive apartments which now lie for ever concealed. The sides and roof of this cave are covered with incrustations and are in a continual state of moisture from the water percolating through the top-in midsummer there is but little vapour and at some seasons the whole cavern is nearly dry. Not having a thermometer or compass I was unable to ascertain the temperature of the air or the direction of the apartments. The distance from the entrance to as far as can now be explored is about 250 feet. The general formation of this cave is calcareous--of an ash colour-stalactites and stalagmites are to be seen in several situations, and are now all amorphous-the stalactites however were fomerly crystalized, but have been broken off by former visitors. In one of the apartments a large quantity of lac. lunæ, (Agaric mineral) was found, and also detached fragments of calc. spar, which perhaps once adhered to the original roof of the cave before the incrustations of lime were formed. The floor of the whole is generally composed of concretions of calc. tuff. June 4th, 1814. 1 |