Et illud mi vitium est maximum. si mihi fidem Das te tacituram, dicam. PH. Ad ingenium redis. Fidem do; loquere. PA. Ausculta. PH. Istuc sum. PA. Hanc 40 Amabat, ut cum maxime, tum Pamphilus, Cum pater, uxorem ut ducat, orare occipit: 45 Ille se primo negare; sed postquam acrius 37. Et illud] Scil. velle narrare; propensity to tell. This is a common failing in most servants as well as Parmeno. vitium est maximum.] ¶ Is a very great failing, i. e. one of my greatest failings. fidem] ¶ Something to induce me to believe that, &c. hence, "a promise." See And. i. 1. 7. 38. Ad ingenium redis.] Because he would deviate from his natural propensity, if he were to persist in secrecy, Cicero, "redit ad se." D. 39. istuc sum.] ¶ Istuc is the adverb; i. e. Ausculto. See Heaut. v. 2. 30. 40. ut cum maxime,] ¶ "Pamphilus was loving Bacchis (as earnestly [ita] as he did when he loved her most) at that very time (tum) when his father," &c. He marks the unhappy time at which the father happened to request Pamphilus to marry; to wit, when his love for Bacchis was at the highest pitch which it could attain. 42. Et hæc, communia, &c.] ¶ i. e. "Et occipit dicere hæc quæ sunt communia om. patr. scilicet, Sese," &c.-And to say these things which are the common topics of all fathers, such as,-that he himself was old Pamphilus moreover was his only son-he wished a support for his old age. 44. Præsidium] Children are often called the præsidia, munimenta, subsidia, of their parents. See Tacit. Annal. i. 3. R. D. 45. Ille se primo negaro;] ¶ i. e. negare coepit se ducturum esse. 46. instat,] Scil. orare. fecit] Anacolouthon for facit; since instat is the præsens historicum. See Heaut. v. 2. 30. animi -incertus] See note below, iv. 4. 60. foret,] Scil. Pamphilus. 47. Pudorine] ¶ Scil. pudori patris. Compare And. i. 5. 27. amori] ¶ Bacchidis. He began to hesitate whether he should follow the dictates of reverence to his father's wish, or love towards Bacchis. 48. Tundendo] i. e. by repeating the same thing frequently and eagerly. Obtundere, And. ii. 2. 11. is in the same sense. R. D. odio] i. e. importunity which begets odium. Plaut. Asin. ii. 4. 40. "jam hic me abegerit suo odio;" and Hor. Sat. i. 7. 6. Phorm. v. 6. 9. R. D. denique] ¶ After a length of time. D. effecit] ¶ Scil. quod voluit. "Gained his point." 49. Despondit] Observe, it is not stated that Pamphilus married her; but all is attributed to the father. D. ei gnatam] ¶ For eum gnatæ. See And. i. 1. 75. 50. illud] Scil. His being contracted to the neighbour's daughter. neutiquam] See And. ii. 1. 30. 51. Usque-Donee] i. e. usque donec visum est grave jam in ipsis, &c. "Even until his eyes were opened, now at the approach of the nuptials, after that he sees them prepared." Donec is one of those particles after which the repetition of a verb or sentence is implied, by zeugma, from the preceding clause. Likewise, nisi frequently in our author, e. g. below, 67. and Heaut. iv. 1. 30. "Nil vident nisi quod lubet." where see note. postquam videt paratas,] ¶ This is a kind of explanation of "in ipsis nuptiis,' 366 on the point of marriage, when he sees that it is ready." Paratas, nec moram ullam, quin ducat, dari; Ut colloqui mecum una posset: "Parmeno, Perii; quid ego egi; in quod me conjeci malum? "Non potero hoc ferre, Parmeno: perii miser.” PH. At te di deæque, perdvint cum isto odio, Laches. 60 PA. Ut ad pauca redeam, uxorem deducit domum; Nocte illa prima virginem non attigit: Quæ consecuta est nox, eam nihilo magis. PH. Quid ais? cum virgine una adolescens cubuerit Plus potus, sese illa abstinere ut potuerit? 65 Non verisimile dicis; nec verum arbitror. PA. Crede ita videri tibi: nam nemo ad te venit, 52. nec moram] T See note on And. i. 1. 66. "et postquam videt non ullam moram dari, quî non ducat." 53. Ibi] As if he said, “in ipsis, inquam, nuptiis." D. ægrè tulit,] ¶ Scil. desponsum se esse. ut ipsam Bacchidem,] ¶ Observe this elegant anacolouthon; as if he had intended a verb infinitive (commiseritam fuisse) to follow. But the change from an infinitive to a finite expression was necessary, inasmuch as no infinitive could contain in it the potential force here required, and given in commiseresceret. This Græcism is to be explained on the principle illustrated on Heaut. i. 1. 32. -"Even Bacchis herself," who would naturally be the last to pity, as being apparently the person most grievously injured. 54. Si adesset,] ¶ For affuisset, as also commiserescet, for commiserita fuisset. 55. spatium] ¶ This word frequently means a part of time; thence put for "interval, opportunity." Comp. And. i. 2. 11. and below, iii. 3. 14. solitudinis,] ¶ Of a private interview with me. Comp. And. i. 5. 10. "Vos semotæ: nos soli." Solitudo originally means ignuía, a deserted place. 56. Ut colloqui mecum uná posset:] ¶ In explanation of solitudinis.-"spatium solitudinis, scil. spatium ut col." &c. Compare end of note on 51. Parmeno:] ¶ He is repeating the words of Pamphilus to him on the occasion of this private interview. 59. At] Spoken with bitterness. See Heaut. v. 4. 9. This line is an instance of rhetorical apostrophe. isto] ¶ Expressing detestation, as in And. prol. 21. Heaut. iii. 3. 29. Compare, as to the style of the imprecation, Eun. ii. 3. 11. "Ut illum di dexque omnes senium perdant." di deœque] ¶ A favourite expression of Philotis, above 27. 60. ad pauca] ¶ Scil. verba. "to return, from every thing discursive, to brevity." The same as ad rem redeo," I return to the concise detail. Comp. Hor. Sat. i. 1. 108. "Illuc, unde abii, redeo." deducit] A girl was said deduci when, after her wedding, she was escorted to the bridegroom's house by boys (whose parents were yet living.) carrying torches before her. Tibull. Eleg. iii. 4. 31. "Ut juveni primum virgo deducta marito." R. D. 61. prima virginem] Although it was prima, and she was virgo. D. 62. Quæ consecuta est] ¶ i. e. Nocte, quæ cons.-nihilo magis, quam primâ, attigit. 63. adolescens Emphatic. "Though in the heyday of youth." cubuerit] ¶ Quo pacto potest esse ut. 64. Plus potus,] Plus solito potus. R. D. Another reason for surprise. See on cubuerit. 65. verisimile] T See Heaut. iv. 5. 54. verum] Scil. quod dicis. 67. Nisi cupiens] ¶ Nisi venit cupiens tui. cupiens tui:] See iv. 4. 60. ille invitus] ¶ Judge not of him by yourself; for he, unlike your suitors, had married, and unwillingly. Post, Pamphilus me solum seducit foras, 70 Narratque, ut virgo abs se integra etiam tum siet: Seque, ante quam eam uxorem duxisset domum, Sperasse eas tolerare posse nuptias. Sed, quam decrerim me non posse diutius "Habere, eam ludibrio haberi, Parmeno, 75 “Quin integram itidem reddam, ut accepi ab suis, Neque honestum mihi, neque utile ipsi virgini, est.” PH. Pium ac pudicum ingenium narras Pamphili. PA. "Hoc ego proferre incommodum mihi esse arbitror: "Reddi patri autem, cui tu nihil dicas viti, 80"Superbum est: sed illam spero, ubi hoc cognoverit, "Non posse se mecum esse, abituram denique." PH. Quid interea? ibatne ad Bacchidem? PA. Quotidie. 69. seducit] i. e. seorsim ducit, to speak with me alone. Cic. ad. Div. i. 9. " sæpe eum in senatu modo severe seducerent." R.D. Natural boasting, in the slave, of familiarity with his young master. D. 70. ut] See Heaut. iv. 2. 50. ab se] i. e. quod ad se attinet. Plaut. Curcul. i. 1. 51. "Tam a me pudica est quasi soror mea sit." R. D. This can be accounted for by understanding, "ab se relicta integra." integra.] ¶ From in and tango; inasmuch as Pamphilus eam "non attigit." etiam tum] ¶ Even at the time at which he was relating this to me. 71. Seque] T Narratque se, &c. 73. Sed, &c.] 'Aroroon and roa. Transition from the narrative style, to citation in the person's own words, from the dinyua to the iμentixóv. D. quam-haberi] T This clause is the subject to est, line 76. 74. ludibrio haberi,] ¶ Similar to ludibrio esse, the dative. The meaning of these two words is explained "Quin-reddam." Parmeno] See Heaut. iii. 1. 31. 75. Quin] ¶ So that I should not, &c. See And. ii. 3. 25. 76. Neque honestum-neque utile] ¶ By litotes for "et dedecus mihi, et pernicies ipsi virgini est." See on this figure, Heaut. i. 2. 14. 77. Pium ac pudicum] Pium, towards his mistress; pudicum, towards the virgin. D. ¶ Compare Lesbia speaking of Pamphilus in the Andrian, iii. 1. 8. Bonum ingenium narras adolescentis." 78. Hoc ego proferre] This line is not, as some suppose, from Parmeno as speaking of himself, but as citing the words of Pamphilus. D. hoc proferre] ¶ Hoc proferre is the subject of " esse, as reddi patri is of "est." Hoc] That he loves Bacchis. D. proferre] Comp. 32. incommodum] ¶ The substantive to this is, negotium implied to represent hoc proferre." Incommodum used, by litotes, for a stronger term; as in line 76. 79. Reddi patri autem,] T "On the other hand, (i. e. si non hoc proferam) that a girl should be given back to her father, (which must be the case, si hoc non proferam) to whom you can state no fault" as attached to her, to excuse you, "is," &c.—The passage "cui-vitî" is generally explained differently:- -" to whom (meaning the girl) you can impute no fault;" as in Plaut. Asin. v. 2. 49. "dotatæ uxori vitium dicere."-Notwithstanding the parallel and the meaning generally given to the idiom vitium dicere, I prefer the interpretation which I have given, as it establishes more point in the juxta position of patri and cui; also in the subsequent illam which should refer, doubtless, to a subject far back,-not to the person meant by cui, which is the nearest. "To give her back to her father, to whom you can allege no excuse, is to him an insult: but, I hope that she," &c. But, under the other explanation the insult should rather refer to the girl, and then no thought would be had whatever of the father's feelings. 81. Non posse] hoc cognoverit, scil. se non posse, &c. abituram] ¶ Go away at last of her own accord; whence I shall not be answerable for the insult of putting her away, and shall save myself from the ignominy "hoc proferendi." 82. Quid] Scil. fiebat. interea ?] ¶ Eve since his marriage, and while he was neglect ing Philumena. Sed, ut fit, postquam hunc alienum ab sese videt, 85 PH. Non edepol mirum. PA. Atqui ea res multo maxime Et illam, et hanc quæ domi erat, cognovit satis, 83. Sed,] ¶ Pamphilus indeed resorted to her, every day; but, his influence with her was sensibly declining. ut fit,] See And. i. 1. 53. alienum] For alienatum, as Phorm. iii. 3. 12. "ego vobis, Geta, alienus sum ?" D. videt,] Bacchis, scil. 84. Maligna] i. e. difficilis; quæ parce præbebat corpus suum. R. D. Join, multo magis maligna. procax] See Heaut. ii. 1. 15. Bentley restores here, "Maligna magis et magis procax." 85. Non-mirum.] T Scil. Bacchidem multo magis malignam et procacem factam esse; inasmuch as the fact of Pamphilus having married was sufficient cause for provocation. Atqui] ¶ And yet (little surprising as this malignitas and procacitas ought to have been to Pamphilus) it was chiefly instrumental in weaning his affections from her. Bentley prefers the reading Atque. But, I think, there is more point in Atqui as I have explained it. "se, Et 87. Et illam,] T Bacchidem. illam, et hanc cognovit," describes the convalescence of Pamphilus's fevered mind; as he was enabled to look, with the coolness of reflection, on himself and all around him. 88. Ad exemplum] Exemplum disturbs as well the verse as the sense; therefore, rather than propose to expunge the line with Guyetus, let us read Ad amussim, i. e. diligently, scrupulously weighing and estimating. B. T Explain thus: "estimating the moral principles of both those women according to their (i. e. morum) model," as a criterion. The model of the inherent principles (exemplum morum), being the persons themselves in whom are the principles. Thence the meaning is:-forming his opinion of their moral principles from the actions and conduct, which were to be considered as the settersforth of them. 89. Hæc,] Scil. "quæ domi erat." liberali esse ingenio] Since liberale ingenium, from the nature of the context, cannot be put for the woman herself, read, "Hæc, ita uti liberali atque ingenuæ decet." For this ingenua is opposed to a meretrix, who is usually a libertine or foreigner. In Phorm. i. 3. 16. ingenua and liberalis are joined. B. Explain by Ellipsis: "ita uti aliquam, liberali ingenio præditam, esse decet." This is only the most tolerable of evils, for I know not a parallel. 90. Pudens, modesta ;] Scil. Pamphilo visa est, or something similar. Pudens, modesta ;] She, he says, was pudens; Bacchis, procax ;-she modesta, Bacchis maligna. D. incommoda,] ¶ The affronts of one who is not morigerus, does not behave commode (See Heaut. iii. 2. 10.), has not congeniality, which is the great cement of amity. Hom. Il. έ. ὃν περὶ πάσης Τίεν ὁμηλικίης, ὅτι οἱ φρεσὶν ἄρτια ἤδη. 91. Viri] Of her husband. ferre,] Scil. visa est. tegere] This means, not merely not to divulge, but to prevent all from knowing. D. 92. Hic] For tum. Virg. Æn. ix. 246. "Hic annis gravis, atque animi maturus Alethes." D. uxoris misericordia] ¶ For in uxorem; so "Glycerii amor;" "pudor patris;" "odium tui," "nuptiarum sollicitatio." 93. Devinctus, -victus] ¶ The former, here, implies a result from inclination; the latter, from compulsion. A person is devinctus by what is agreeable to him; victus, by what he dislikes. Compare, on the former, And. iii. 3. 29. Heaut. i. 2. 34. Ib. ii. 2. 14. -on the latter, Heaut. i. 1. 62. Ib. iii. 1. 29. hujusce] Bacchidis. 94. Paulatim] His affection for Bacchis must have been great. D. elapsu' est Bacchidi,] The language would permit e 95 Amorem, postquam par ingenium nactus est. Horumce. ea ad hos redibat lege hereditas. 105 Neque lites ullæ inter eas, postulatio Nunquam. PH. Quid igitur? PA. Si quando ad cam accesserat Videre nolle denique, ubi non quit pati, "Ex Bacchide, Bacchidem, or Bacchidi. 95. par ingenium] T "A disposition congenial" to it; in which therefore all incommoda were at an end. par ingenium] Eandem voluntatem. Sall. Jug. 41. " quos eadem odisse, et eadem metuere in unum coegit." Cat. 20. "nam idem velle, atque idem nolle, ea demum firma amicitia est." D. 96. Imbro] Imbrus, now Embro, in the Ægean, thirty-two miles off Samothrace, for some time independent, became subject to Persia, Athens, Macedonia, and Pergamus; and finally to Rome, being reduced into a province. moritur-senex] See And. i. 1. 78. cognatus-horumce] T A relative of these here, i. e. of my master's family. 97. ea—hereditas.] ¶ ea is for ejus. Or, the inheritance in that case, thence arising. So, in the parallel, And. iv. 5. 4. "ea bona" may be explained. redibat] See note And. iv. 5. 4. 98. amantem] ¶ He had but recently begun to love his wife; whence he was the more invitus, when ordered to go to Imbrus. extrudit] The force of the verb marks the reluctance of Pamphilus. D. 99. Relinquit, &c.] Read, "Reliquit hic cum matre uxorem. "B. Relinquit] ¶ The present tense is natural here, since the effect of the past action still remains. "He left her, and she still continues with his mother," Sostrata. See the passage cited from Homer, on Heaut. v. 2. 30. nam] ¶ This is the reason that he did not say cum sene, as would be more suitable. 100. Rus abdidit se ;] ¶ Has absconded to the country. Abdidit, as D. observes, implies reproach. Rus] This word is used, to show that Parmeno is in the city, the scene of the play. D. rarò-commeat.] "Pays few visits." Commeare, diamogiúiobai, means, "to pass to and from:" thence commeatus, liberty of passage to and from a place. 101. Quid adhuc] ¶ Philotis has been waiting earnestly to learn wherein the infirmitas nuptiarum, hinted at in line 26. consists, and is disappointed that the nuptials, as far as she has as yet heard (adhuc), appear "firma." Here comes the important part of the disclosure and the plot. 102. Nunc audies.] "You shall hear presently;" as much as to say, Be not impatient. dies] Scil. per. 103. Bene conveniebat sane inter eas:] "Good harmony, to say the truth, continued between them," Scil. between Philumena and her mother-in-iaw, Sostrata, with whom Pamphilus left her. Donatus explains sane, by valide, joining it with "conveniebat." 104. Miris modis] The further explanations are wisely reserved till the end of the play. D. ¶ See And. v. 4. 36. "Unaccountably;"- -no one could tell why. 105. inter eas,] ¶ Scil. extiterunt. postulatio] For expostulatio, i. e. querela. Plaut. Bacch. iii. 3. 45. “acris postulatio hæc est." So postulare for expostulare. R. D. 106. igitur?] Igitur in interrogations denotes urgency, earnestness. Comp. Heaut. iv. 6. 14. accesserat] Scil. Sostrata. 108. Videre nolle.] The poet, by videre, shows that Parmeno is, as yet, ignorant of the |