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So. Quid obstat, cur non veræ fiant? SI. Audies.
Fere in diebus paucis, quibus hæc acta sunt,

Chrysis vicina hæc moritur. So. O factum bene!
Beasti metui a Chryside. SI. Ibi tum filius

80 Cum illis, qui amabant Chrysidem, una aderat frequens;
Curabat una funus; tristis interim,

Nonnunquam conlacrymabat. Placuit tum id mihi.
Sic cogitabam: Hic, parvæ consuetudinis
Causa, mortem hujus tam fert familiariter:
85 Quid, si ipse amasset? quid mihi hic faciet patri?
Hæc ego putabam esse omnia humani ingeni,

daughter; despondet, with respect to his son.
Whence they are called sponsa and sponsus.
D. But despondet is applied also to the
giving of a daughter in marriage: Plaut.
Poen. v. 6. 2. "Tuam mihi desponde filiam."
Ovid. Met. ix. 714. "Cum pater, Iphi, tibi
flavam despondet Ianthem." A father de-
spondet, as says Varro, because he gives his
daughter de sponte suâ. dictus.] Whether
"appointed;" or, "consecrated," "set apart;"
as En. vi. 138. "Junoni infernæ dictus
sacer." D.
Dicere diem is to fix or appoint
a certain day. Cæs. B. G. v. 57. "Eis
certum diem conveniendi dicit." See Gro-
novius and Drakenborch on Liv. xxxv. 3.
R. D.

76. Quid obstat,] B. reads quid igitur obstat, on account of the metre, vera being expunged as unmeaning. I see no objection to the text as before us. Vera is contrasted with simulatæ. When the nuptials, to all appearance, fiunt, Sosia asks, "Cur non veræ fiant." quid obstat,] I suspect that the true reading is, "Quid ergo obstat." The first syllable in ergo is often short; and ergo and igitur might readily be mistaken, one for the other, from the contracted way of writing them. H.

77. in diebus paucis,] i. e. "in diebus paucis, in quibus diebus hæc," &c. as I have translated; or "in diebus paucis post dies in quibus diebus hæc," &c. " a few days after those in which these things were done."

78. vicina hæc] For he had said above, "commigravit huc viciniæ." D. O factum bene!] Male factum was applied in cases of misfortune. R. D. Donatus remarks that when comic poets are obliged to introduce a death, they make some uninteresting or infamous character the victim; and thus little compassion, and often even joy, is excited.

79. Beasti] μακάριον πεποιήκας.-Voltaire: "Tu me rends à moi-même ;" an expression natural on hearing good news. metui a Chryside.] I say, metuo illum, if

B

the person is likely himself to injure me; and timeo ab illo, if I be in danger on his account, though not from him wilfully. D. The insertion of ei (i. e. Pamphilo) before metui is favoured by B. Jbi] In the sense of tum, as below, ii. 3. 5. and line 104 of this scene. Thus we meet jam nunc, and itaque ergo, in Livy. R. D. However, the presence of aderat inclines me to translate it, in this passage, there, i. e. at the house of Chrysis, and to connect it with aderat: for otherwise something similar must be supplied to the verb, inasmuch as, to use it for the simple erat (meaning that Pamphilus was [aderat] frequently in-company [unà] with [cum] the lovers of Chrysis,) seems unsanctioned by precedent. Ibi is united with aderant, below 91, "inter mulieres, quæ ibi aderant."

81. Curabat unà funus;] So is used nou. R. D. For curare funus, were used funus facere and funeri operam dare. DoL. Funus, from funalia, as the procession usually took place by night, because sacred rites occupied the day. D. Funalia were cords, smeared with pitch, tallow, or wax, and served as torches;-póvos is another derivation given for funus.-interim] In the interval between the decease and the procession.

82. conlachrymabat.] Mingled his tears with those of the others. E.

66

83. parvæ consuetudinis] i. e. conviviality; as the father had said, that Pamphilus merely symbolam dedit, coenavit." D. Hurd (Discourse on Poetical Imitation) compares the reasoning of Simo here, with that of the Duke in Twelfth Night, on hearing of the grief of Olivia for her brother.

84. familiariter: ] He grieves as a relation would. L. Thus line 109, "flens quam familiariter." R. D.

85. hic] Emphatical:-how dutifully must such a son as this behave to me his father, who, on account of a slight acquaintance, evinces so great sympathy?

86. putabam] Putare is the part of one

Mansuetique animi officia. Quid multis moror?
Egomet quoque ejus causa in funus prodeo,

Nil suspicans etiam mali. So. Hem, quid est? SI. Scies. 90 Effertur: imus. Interea inter mulieres,

Quæ ibi aderant, forte unam aspicio adolescentulam,
Forma. So. Bona fortasse. SI. Et vultu, Sosia,

Adeo modesto, adeo venusto, ut nil supra.

Quia tum mi lamentari præter cæteras
95 Visa est: et quia erat forma præter cæteras
Honesta et liberali, accedo ad pedisequas:
Quæ sit, rogo.
Sororem esse aiunt Chrysidis:
Percussit illico animum: Attat! hoc illud est,

who, from simplicity, is mistaken. D. Puto originally means to prune; and, when used in reference to the mind, strictly imports, to weigh a subject so as to discard, or prune away, as it were, the erroneous ideas, retaining the good alone.

87. officia.] i. e. effects. Terence has used the word thus elsewhere; nor am I sure that other authors afford examples. DA. The word here seems to have no unusual meaning. -Quid multis moror ?] i. e. quid multis verbis te moror? R. D.

89. Nil.] Nihil and mihi, in Terence, are most usually monosyllabics. These and satis are very rarely divided in such a manner, that the latter syllable may be the first of a foot. H. etiam] For etiamnum, or adhuc as below, iii. 2. 23. Hec. iv. 3. 8. Virg. Æn. vi. 485. "etiam currus, etiam arma tenentem." R. D. Compare Hec. v. 1. 18. Hem, quid est ?] B. reads quid id est, to avoid the Trochee Hem, quid, which displeases.

90. Effertur.] 'Expigera. Virgil, Georg. iv. 255. more fully: "Tum corpora luce carentum Exportant tectis, et tristia funera ducunt." D. imus.] A funeral term, than which exequias ire was more frequent. Phorm. v. 8. 37. "Exequias Chremeti, quibus est commodum, ire hem! tempus est." R. D. This was the form of words used in the funera indictiva :-" L. Titius vixit. L. Titio exequias ire cui commodum est. hem tempus est. ollus ecfertur." L. on Phorm. v. 8. 37. Funera indictiva, were those to which there was a general invitation proclaimed by a herald. To exequias, supply "ad". inter mulieres,] According to Athenian custom young women followed the funerals of relatives; but females under sixty years of age were forbidden to attend those of strangers, by a law of Solon. So far, then, Terence keeps Athenian habits in view; but not where

he makes Simo follow the procession; for the same law enacted that men should precede, women follow, the corpse. R. D. This law of Solon was transcribed into the Roman Tables. PE.

91. unam] Either one in particular, whom his eyes had singled from the crowd; or, for quandam.

92. Forma.] Forma, the whole person;— vultus, the face. R. D. Terence happily brings in Simo extolling one whom he is hereafter to choose as his daughter-in-law. Bona] This word should be spoken by Simo; for why should Sosia augur of the girl's appearance, as being bona, rather than mediocris ? Therefore Fortasse, put absolutely, implies a cold and hesitating assent on the part of Sosia. B. But it is very natural for Sosia to use the word bona, as judging favourably from the unam (see note on 91) in his master's description, and also, probably, from his emphasis and gesture.

93. ut nihil supra.] sc. addi, or esse, queat. R. D.

94. Quia tum.] Al. Quæ tum. Bentley would read "Quæ cum." lamentari] Flere is "to weep and cry aloud;" plorare, "to weep" only; ejulare, "to weep and cry with a shrill voice,"-more properly applied to female sorrow; lamentari, "to dwell upon calamity in piteous accents, and voice of complaint." LA.

96. Honestá] i. e. Pulchra. Virg. Georg. ii. 393. "circum caput egit honestum." Thus honor for pulchritudo, Virg. Æn. 591. Et lætos oculis afflârat honores." R. D. pedisequas:] From the quantity of the i, it appears that the s should not be doubled, as it vulgarly is. Grecian women used to appear in public with a numerous train of female attendants. R. D.

98. Percussit] The suspicion immedi ately struck me, upon my hearing who she

Hinc illæ lacrymæ ; hæc illa est misericordia.

100 So. Quam timeo, quorsum evadas. SI. Funus interim
Procedit: sequimur: ad sepulcrum venmius:
In ignem posita est: fletur. Interea hæc soror,
Quam dixi, ad flammam accessit imprudentius,
Satis cum periclo. Ibi tum exanimatus Pamphilus
105 Bene dissimulatum amorem et celatum indicat.
Accurrit mediam mulierem complectitur:

Mea Glycerium, inquit, quid agis? cur te is perditum ?

was. E. Thus Cic. pro Deiot. vi. "Hac suspicione sum percussus." Percussus and perculsus are confounded by transcribers. It is contended that percussus refers to the body, perculsus to the mind, which in fact is not true. Both words are applied, properly to the body, metaphorically to the mind; but in their application to the mind, percello is rather used where the mind is carried away as by a thunderstroke, and overpowered by a sudden tumult of ideas; percutio, where it is slightly acted upon. R. D. Attat!] Expressive of a clew or new light given to a mystery. It sometimes implies fear; sometimes it is merely adversative. Attat, on the authority of Plautus, can lengthen the latter vowel, though h following is not a consonant. H.

99. Hinc] From this cause. D. namely, love for this "sister of Chrysis." Hinc] read Hæc, archaism for Hæ. B. ille lacruma;] i. e. the tears of Pamphilus, for above, 82, he says "Nonnunquam conlachrymabat," which he there attributes to the regard "parvæ consuetudinis;" but now, ascertaining that this handsome girl is no other than sister to Chrysis, he begins to suspect the true cause of his son's sympathy in the late calamity.

100. quorsum evadas] i. e. in quem finem evadas quoad hunc sermonem. Liv. xxvii. 23. "Pestilentia magis in longos morbos, quam in perniciales evasit." Plaut. Asin. i. 1. 69. "quo evadat, sum in metu." See also Adelph. iii. 5. 63. and Hec. i. 2. 118.

101. Procedit:] A word suitable to the solemnity of the occasion. The consul was said procedere, when, on the first day of his consulate; he was escorted to the Capitol. Incedere has the same force. R. D. Æn. i. 50. "Ast ego, quæ divum incedo regina." sepulcrum] Sepelire is applied to the burning of the body, and every process of removing it. See Drak. on Liv. viii. 24. R. D. Sepulcrum is the place of burial, whether after, or before, the interment; from sepelio. Donatus mentions two other derivations; sine pulchritudine, and sine pulsu.

102. In ignem posita est.] Of old, the

This

bodies were burned, and the ashes deposited
in an urn, the earth, or a stone chest.
method is thought by some to be derived from
Hercules. The most ancient generations
performed the interment without burning.
ME.

Read imposita est. L. and B. In ignem ponere does not appear inconsistent with the grammatical canon, that where rest is intimated, in takes the ablative; for ponere here may imply the raising the body up to the fire. From remarks which I have made, I am inclined to propose the following distinction:-In after ponere, meaning to place, when the subject is laid on something level to, or below itself, takes the ablative; but the accusative may be used, when the subject is raised above its own level to be so laid, for then motion-towards is implied. Accordingly we meet; "Artus in litore ponunt." "posuitque collum in pulvere Teucro." "positum castris simulacrum," and -Ovid. Met. viii. 452. "Stipitem in flammam ponere." Gell. iii. 15. "coronis suis in caput patris positis." Liv. i. 18. " dextra in caput Numa imposita." Cic. Tusc. Quæst. i. 34. "Metellum multi filii in rogum imposuere." On the origin of burning among the ancients, and its object, see Potter, Archæol. hæc soror quam dixi,] i. e. whom I have mentioned as being the sister of Chrysis. D.

103. Imprudentius,] See note on Libera, 25, above.

104. Satis] If a consonant follows, it is read Sati' or Sat. H. Ibi] See note of R. D. on ibi, 79, above. exanimatus] metu is often added. R. D. From ex and anima, breathless with fright.

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105. Bene] This might imply that he had done well (acted wisely) in concealing so discreditable an affair.

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107. Mea] The word of a lover. D. te is perditum ?] This form is more usual with comic writers, and those who, like Sallust, study antiquity of style, than with a Cicero, or a Cæsar. R. D. Perditum is the active supine, governing the accusative te, and depending on the verb is.

Tum illa, ut consuetum facile amorem cerneres,

Rejecit se in eum flens quam familiariter.

110 So. Quid ais? SI. Redeo inde iratus, atque ægre ferens. Nec satis ad objurgandum causæ.

Diceret,

Quid feci? quid commerui, aut peccavi, pater?
Quæ sese in ignem injicere voluit, prohibui,
Servavi. Honesta oratio est. So. Recte putas:
115 Nam si illum objurges, vitæ qui auxilium tulit,
Quid facias illi, qui dederit damnum aut malum?
SI. Venit Chremes postridie ad me, clamitans,
Indignum facinus; comperisse, Pamphilum
Pro uxore habere hanc peregrinam. Ego illud sedulo
120 Negare factum : ille instat factum. Denique
Ita tum discedo ab illo, ut qui se filiam

108. cerneres,] The ancients employ the second person singular, especially of the imperfect, when they mean to assert something of all generally. R. D. Our phrase is "one might see," similar to the French use of on. Compare Il. Δ. 429. οὐδέ κε φαίης Τόσσον λαὸν ἕπεσθαι ἔχοντ ̓ ἐν στήθεσιν αὐδὴν.

109. quam familiariter.] Quam means valde, and is often joined with a positive degree. R. D. I would account for the phrase by ellipsis:-tam familiariter quam potuit. Thus quam familiariter is equivalent to familiarissime; while quam familiarissime would perhaps be more agreeable to common usage. Such expressions as the latter, then, we may consider as augmentations of the superlative, which, however classical, is unnecessary. This is common with the Greeks: thus, gros (the superlative of go, goragos) has itself a superlative, gTITOS. quam familiariter.] Read it parenthetically with a note of admiration, as is found in some copies. DoL.

110. Quid ais ?] These words imply, sometimes surprize, sometimes censure. R.D. iratus, atque ægre ferens, &c.] "angry and bearing impatiently," that my surmize (see line 98) should be confirmed by so positive proofs; "nor yet was there a sufficient degree of pretext for rebuking him," which might have been some comfort to me.

111. diceret,] Understand enim. D. 112. Quid feci? quid commerui,] Feci alludes to some supposed facinus, as the verb is applied even to a murderer; commerui to a less wicked action; peccavi to a trifling delinquency. Commerui is the opposite of promerui, which is taken in a good sense. D.

113. injicere] To be read as if inicere; which method of writing is very common, where two i's meet. H.

114. Honesta] Presented with such au appearance of integrity, that one cannot gainsay it.

115. objurges,] This word is generally applied to reproof given to friends and relations. LA.

116. Quid facias illi,] Tí v nos ἐκείνῳ, ὃς ἄρα δεδωκώς ἢ ζημίαν, ἢ κακόν; Priscian. 18. L. So, Hor. Sat. i. 1. 63. "Quid facias illi? How would you treat him?" qui dederit.] That the ictus may not fall on the final syllable of dederit, read dederit qui. B. damnum aut malum?] damnum, to a man's property; malum, to his person. D.

Damnum dare is to inflict loss; damnum facere, to suffer it. R. D. Damnum (either from demptum, or daxávn) is a diminution of property caused by others; jactura, that caused by one's self; detrimentum (from detero) that caused by the rubbing away, as it were, and gradual consumption of the thing itself by use.

117. postridie] i. e. postero die. clamitans] See note on quæritans, 48, above.

118. Indignum facinus ;] sc. esse. These words are by some made parenthetic, as an ejaculation of Simo, vexed that Chremes had come to the knowledge of it. Others omit the stop at facinus: "that he had ascertained a disgraceful deed, namely, that Pamphilus," &c. Se is implied to comperisse.

119. hanc peregrinam.] Hanc, contemptuously;—peregrina was a common name for women of loose character. D. sedulo] Lest he should appear to have credited the statement on too slight grounds. E.

120. Negare factum:] sc. esse; as also instat factum esse.

121. discedo] Aptly; for a person discedit, when, upon a decision being made, he gains or loses. Thus Cic. Orat. 64. "Eorum,

Neget daturum. So. Non tu ibi gnatum? SI. Ne hæc quidem Satis vehemens causa ad objurgandum. So. Qui, cedo? SI. Tute ipse his rebus finem præscripsti, pater. 125 Prope adest, quum alieno more vivendum est mihi: Sine nunc meo me vivere interea modo.

So. Qui igitur relictus est objurgandi locus? SI. Si propter amorem uxorem nolit ducere, Ea primum ab illo animadvertenda injuria est. 130 Et nunc id operam do, ut per falsas nuptias Vera objurgandi causa sit, si deneget.

Simul, sceleratus Davus si quid consili

Habet, ut consumat nunc, cum nihil obsint doli:
Quem ego credo manibus pedibusque obnixe omnia

qui affuerunt, judicio discessit probatus." Hor. Epist. i. 10. 37. "Sed postquam victor violens discessit ab hoste." Where see Dr McCaul.

122. Non tu ibi gnatum?] Aposiopesis, or ellipsis:-understand invasisti, objurgasti, or adortus es. D. The force of ibi is:-Did you not rebuke him then, when matters were come to extremity, and Chremes was withdrawing his consent to the match? Ne hæc quidem] Simo replies that even the circumstance of Chremes' retracting (in consequence of Pamphilus' misdemeanour) was not a sufficiently strong pretext.

123. Satis vehemens] This line begins with a proceleusmatic foot.

124. Tute ipse] If I were to rebuke him, he would say, "You yourself," &c. his rebus finem præscripsisti,] Whenever the Latins use ha res, they speak of love. So the Greeks raūra xóλλα. Da. You, by desiring me to marry, have marked out the termination to the pleasures which-I-amnow-pursuing (his).

125. Prope adest,] sc. tempus; a frequent omission. R. D. The time of my nuptials is at hand: the extreme limit of my liberty is fast approaching; and pleasures are the more eagerly to be followed, as they draw nearer to their close. D. alieno more.] i. e. alterius arbitrio. Thus Heaut. i. 2. 29. R. D.

126. meo modo.] Heaut. ii. 4. 21. Compare Virgil, Æn. iv. 340. "Me si fata meis paterentur ducere vitam Auspiciis. R. D.

127. Qui igitur relictus,] Gudius, to retain the reading Quis igitur, gives relicuus for reliquus. However to read rellictu'st would be more Terentian. H. Qui igitur is approved by Bentley. I have heard this line interpreted: "What a fine opportunity, then, of rebuking, has been let slip!" But this is

refuted by the next two lines, which convey Simo's answer to the question. relictus est— locus.] Locum relinquere sometimes implies to give opportunity, facility, or credence, to. For locum relinquere, applied to opportunity or facility, we meet locum dare, locum relictum facere. DOL.

129. ab illo animadvertenda injuria] Injuria ab illo is an offence committed by him. The preposition ab often serves for paraphrasing the genitive. Below, iii. 1. 3. Liv. xxvii. 5. "fides a consule," (i. e. consulis) Valerius Flaccus, v. 243. "ab auro fulgor," (i. e. auri). R. D. If he had said injuria ejus, it would be doubtful whether Pamphilus was intended as the agent or the sufferer. D. He means that "that offence (namely, propter amorem uxorem nolle ducere) is the first and only one in Pamphilus, which he can take notice of as such," and consequently, that, if that offence does not appear, nullus relictus est objurgandi locus.

130. Et nunc id operam do,] Simo is now arriving at that which, at setting out, he proposed to Sosia as his second topic (namely, "et consilium meum cognosces," line 22.). He thinks, moreover, that he has cause for anger, not that his son is in love (for that is natural to his age) but, if on account of love he refuse to marry. E. id] i. e. propter id. D. i. e. with this view, viz. that "per falsas," &c.

131. Vera] There is antithesis between vera and falsas. D.

133. cum nihil obsint doli:] While all stratagems intended to interrupt the nuptials (which are but feigned) are indifferent to me; and whether such stratagems succeed or not, "hujus periclo fit: ego in portu navigo;" as he says, iii. 1. 22.

134. manibus pedibusque] II. 5. öcoar

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