Quid reliqui est, quin habeat quæ quidem in homine dicuntur bona, 20 Parentes, patriam incolumem, amicos, genus, cognatos, divitias? Atque hæc perinde sunt, ut illius animus, qui ea possidet:" Qui uti scit, ei bona: illi, qui non utitur recte, mala. CL. Imo ille fuit senex importunus semper: et nunc nihil magis Vereor, quam ne quid in illum iratus plus satis faxit pater. 25 CH. Illene?-sed reprimam me: nam in metu esse hunc, illi est utile. CL. Quid tute tecum? CH. Dicam. tamen oportuit. Fortasse aliquantum iniquior erat præter ejus libidinem: Observe, quem is not governed by credere; for this verb invariably takes the dative of the person. Construe," quem esse miserum minus credere par est? whom should we less believe to be wretched?" or, "whom should we believe to be less wretched?" The ellipsis to credere here is supplied in Hor. Epist. i. 15. 25. "tibi nos accredere par est." 19. Quid reliqui, &c.] T "What obstacle now remains, wherefore he should not (see note, ii. 3. 25.) have," &c. So quid reliquum est, or relinquitur; so, quid rei, quid causæ, quid novi, quid cœnæ, &c. quidem in homine] T i. e. "at least in man's estate ;"-as far as human experience goes. dicuntur] Scil. a vulgo. For, according to philosophers, riches of the mind only are bona. C. 20. divitias?] T An addition essential, in a measure, to the enjoyment of the rest; for, as Horace says, "Et genus, et virtus, nisi cum re, vilior algâ est;" and where divitiæ exist, the rest are under control, "divina humanaque pulchris Divitiis parent." 21. perinde sunt, ut illius animus, qui] So, Phorm. i. 3. 18. and Sall. Jug. 4. "ac non perinde habeantur, ut eorum, qui ea sustinet, virtus est." W. animus, scil. est. 22. uti scit,] ¶ Who knows to use them, i. e. knows their real use; and who thence utitur recte. bona;] ¶ Scil. sunt hæc. In the one case, these attendants are, what they are intended for, scil. bona, blessings;-in the other, they are converted into mala, so many misfortunes. 23. Immo] T i. e. You cannot include Parentes in the list of his blessings, for ille (Menedemus, ejus parens) fuit, &c. importunus] ¶ Unseasonable in the exercise of his parental rigour;-always at cross pur poses with him; and translate, "he always acted the cross-grained old man " towards him. 24. plus satis] T More than enough, i. e. than he deserves, or, than moderation would dictate. pater.] Either the nominative, meaning Menedemus; or, the vocative, meaning Chremes. C. ¶ The latter. tipho thus, in a manner, asks his father what he thinks on the matter; whence the reply Illene ? Cli 25. A TROCHAIC TETRAMETER CATALECTIC.-Illene?] Ti. e. Menedemus in illum plus satis fecerit? To which he was going to add, minime faciet, or something similar; but stops short and mutters to himself, "sed reprimam — utile." sed reprimam me:] ¶ I must not let my son know that Menedemus relents; for he would of course tell Clinia; whence the fear of the latter would be removed, which it is his father's advantage should be kept up. N. B. Hic throughout this dialogue refers to Clinia; ille to Menedemus. utile.] For a son who fears his father is more likely to be dutiful, and reform in himself what is amiss; which of course is the father's gain. 26. IAMBIC TETRAMETERS. tecum?] Scil. loqueris, meditaris. Dicam.] ¶ I will tell you what I was thinking; viz. ut ut, &c. He says this, that he may not appear to Clitipho, as concealing anything; though he takes care to suppress what he was at first going to say. ut ut erat,] ¶ "Howsoever the state of the case was;" even supposing his father alone to have been in fault; yet he should not have left home. Or ut ut erat, "however severe Menedemus may have been," it behoved Clinia to have remained. 27. iniquior erat] ¶ i. e. minùs æquo animo ferebat. Iniquus is the contrary of æquus. "Iniquior erat pater præter filii Pateretur. nam quem ferret, si parentem non ferret suum? Huncine erat æquum ex illius more, an illum ex hujus, vivere? 30 Et quod illum insimulat durum, id non est. nam parentum injuriæ Uniusmodi sunt ferme: paulo qui est homo tolerabilis, Scortari crebro nolunt; nolunt crebro convivarier; Præbent exigue sumtum: atque hæc sunt tamen ad virtutem omnia. Verum ubi animus semel se cupiditate devinxit mala, 35 Necesse est, Clitipho, consilia consequi consimilia. Scitum est, periclum ex aliis facere, tibi quod ex usu siet. libidinem." Comp. Eun. ii. 1. 6. "iniquo patiare animo;" and And. i. 2. 16. He was the more excusable in being iniquus against what was mere libido. 28. Pateretur.] ¶ Scil. oportuit ut Clinia pateretur, maneretque. 29. Huncine] See note 25. above. 30. Et quod illum, &c.] ¶ "Et id negotium, quod illum Clinia insimulat utpote durum, non est durum." Here insimulo takes an accusative of the person (illum) and of the thing (quod). It more frequently takes a genitive of the thing; as Phorm. ii. 3. 12. "Si herum insimulabis avaritiæ, male audies." Illum, as before, means Menedemus. injuriæ] Injuria for severitas, as v. 2. 39. CAN. 31. Uniusmodi, &c.] ¶ There are three ways of explaining this passage.-1. Understand ei before paulo, removing the stop at ferme; "of the same kind towards that son who is little manageable; they do not," &c. 2. Understand eum before paulo; "they do not allow that son who is unmanageable," &c.-3. Consider est homo tolerabilis as an enallage of number (And. v. 4. 7.), supplying filias to scortari. This Bentley approves.. Under the last interpretation, again, some take paulo tolerabilis for paulo tolerabilior, and put emphasis on crebrò and exiguè; i. e. "Fathers who are a little more indulgent, allow dissipation; seldom, however; and affording the means with a sparing hand."ADOPT explanation 2. For, Chremes mentions two cases in which the injuriæ, so called, of parents exist, viz. where the son is inclined to dissipation ("paulo tolerabilis,") and where he has totally abandoned himself to it ("se cupiditate devinxit malâ.") He says that the injuriæ (as the sons consider them) of all parents are pretty much alike, respectively, in these two several cases; i. e. that, in the former, the fathers in general abridge the son's indulgences, in order to curb the evil propensities;-but that, in the latter, such as is the case of Clinia, they in general apply remedies as desperate as are the maladies. Therefore "paulo-tolerabilis" represents the son in the former case; "verum ubi-mala" represents him in the latter;"Scortari-sumtum" represents the fathers' severity (injuriæ) in the former case; "consilia consequi consimilia" represents their severity in the latter. 33. sumtum:] i. e. money for his expenditure. Comp. v. 1. 57. hæc sunt tamen ad virtutem omnia.] ¶ "These things (i. e. these instances of severity) nevertheless (i. e. although the son thinks harshly of them) all tend to conduct him to the ways of rectitude." See And. iii. 2. 2. 34. ubi animus semel] Χαλεπὸν χορίων xuva yevra. and Hor. Ut canis a corio nunquam absterrebitur uncto." WI, cupiditate devinxit malá,] ¶ Has linked itself to debasement by eagerness in pursuit of evil. 35. consilia cansequi consimilia.] ¶ It in that case is found imperative on fathers to pursue analogous plans of treatment. See latter part of note on 31. These words are generally explained: "When a young man has abandoned himself in toto, it follows, that he (the young man) must pursue plans of conduct agreeable to the cupiditas mala." But this destroys the harmony subsisting among the parts of this sentence; as shown on 31. Observe the elegance of " Clitipho;" Chremes thus calling his son's attention to the useful moral which he himself may derive from the facts relative to his friend Clinia. 36. periclum] ¶ For tentamentum, see And. iii. 3. 34. tibi quod] ¶ i. e. ut videas id quod. Bentley reads " quid." ex usu] ¶ Ex is here in the sense of xará, secundùm; i. e. "conformable to your interest;" so, e naturâ, ex consuetudine, e commodo, &c. This might be expressed by CL. Ita credo. CH. Ego ibo hinc intro, ut videam, nobis quid cœnæ siet. Tu, ut tempus est diei, vide, sis, ne quo hinc abeas longius. ACTUS II-SCENA I. CLITIPHO. QUAM iniqui sunt patres in omnes adolescentes judices! Nam et cognoscendi et ignoscendi dabitur peccati locus: "quod usui sit," or "quod usus sit," as Hec. iii. 1. 47. Ex usu occurs also, Hec. iv. 1. 33. and iv. 3. 10. 37. Ita credo.] T See And. i. 2. 21. quid cœna] Cœna is the genitive. But if you read "nobis cœnæ quid siet," it is the dative; as Plaut. Truc. iii. 1. 2. "ut Bubus glandem prandio depromerem." B. quid cœnæ] T For quæ cœna; compare above, 19. 38. ut tempus] T See i. 1. 116. vide sis,] Scil. vide si vis. ne quo hinc] It is asked, why Chremes does not bring Clitipho in with him at once to dinner? Mad. Dacier conjectures, that, as some sacred rites were to be performed before dinner, and Chremes perhaps had to converse with his coevals, the father did not choose his son to be present. Z. longius.] Too far. See on Libera, And. i. 1. 25. Clitipho, impressed by what his father has just said, censures, in a soliloquy, the general conduct of men towards their sons; thence touches on the circumstances of himself with respect to his mistress, Bacchis. 1. IAMBIC TETRAMETERS.-iniqui] ¶ Translate "partial," as it is connected with judices. Line 2. shows wherein lies their partiality. There seems to be antithesis between iniqui here, and æquum, next line. 2. censent,] ¶ "Pass sentence, that it is," &c. a pueris illico nasci senes,] ¶ "To be born old men forthwith from infancy;" i. e. to be old men at the moment of our birth. 3. Neque] i. e. Atque non. illarum affines] Affinis is joined indifferently to the genitive or dative. Adel. v. 8. 25. "Affinis nobis." 4. libidine] Libido seems here put for voluntas, arbitrium. So Hec. ii. 2. 3. Horace has painted the character of a Chremes:"difficilis, querulus, laudator temporis acti se puero, castigator, censorque minorum." W. moderantur,] Scil. nos. nunc quæ est, &c.] ¶ Which subsists in them at their present time of life, not that which subsisted in their past time of life.' 5. na] See And. prol. 17.-I think that næ or ne is no other than the Greek vn. 6. Nam et, &c.] For I shall find opportunity not only of learning his errors, but also of forgetting them, i. e. dabitur mihi locus cognoscendi peccata et ignoscendi peccatis. BUT rather construe:-" opportunity shall be afforded to his errors, both of becoming known to him, and of meeting forgiveness. (See, however, note on 7.) These gerunds, being substantives, depend on loBentley reads peccati. cus. 7. Non ut meus,] ¶ i. e. Non me utetur tali patre ut est meus, qui, &c. Ut is for "qualis." per alium] ¶ By the example of Clinia; i. 2. 34, 35, 36. EXPLAIN this and the foregoing line thus:-If I shall ever have a son, each of us shall have opportunity of knowing and of forgiving the delinquencies of the other; I will not be like my father, expecting in my son conduct which I never observed myself when I was his age, and resorting to the hypocritical expediency of Perii! is mihi, ubi adbibit plus paulo, sua quæ narrat facinora! 10 Astutus! næ ille haud scit, quam mihi nunc surdo narret fabulam. Magis nunc me amice dicta stimulant; Da mihi, atque affer mihi. Cui quid respondeam, nihil habeo: neque me quisquam est miserior. Nam hic Clinia, etsi is quoque suarum rerum satagit, attamen Habet bene ac pudice eductam, ignaram artis meretricia. 15 Mea est potens, procax, magnifica, sumtuosa, nobilis. Tum, quod dem ei, Recte est: nam nihil esse mihi religio est dicere. bringing before him the bad conduct of another to enforce my own precept, unable to adduce good example from my own past life. Thus we see the elegant force of alium and suam, and their antithesis. sententiam.] ¶ His canon, his precept. Perhaps there is reference to the term judices, line 1. Fa 8. Perii!] Wondrous! monstrous! is] Contemptuously of his father. plus paulo,] Ti. e. paulo plus æquo. See And. i. 1. 25. facinora ?] T Scil. quæ juvenis fecit. cinus is properly a criminal act, an outrage. 9. Nunc] When the fumes have evaporated. periclum, &c.] See i. 2. 36. 10. Astutus:] Irony. How cunning he fancies himself; little reflecting that I know what he was himself, and that precept coming without good example justly finds my ears closed. quàm mihi nunc surdo] Hor. Ep. ii. 1. 199. "Scriptores autem narrare putaret asello Fabellam surdo." Virg. Ecl. x. 8. "non canimus surdis." W. ¶ Quàm belongs to surdo; though we cannot, in English, conveniently connect how with an adjective, unless the substantive to that adjective be of the third person. fabulam.] For I value his speech as little as I would an idle story. C. 12. Cui quid] For quid, read, with some books, quod. B. nihil] ¶ Scil. secundum nihil; thus equivalent to non, as our for ov. See And. ii. 6. 9. If quod be read, nihil need not be elliptical. 13. quoque] ¶ As well as I. satagit, attamen] It appears from Charisius, that satis agitat, tamen was anciently read here. Then, after etsi follows tamen, never attamen. B. Bailey, in his Facciolatus, proposes satagitat, tamen without the change of a single letter. Comp. Plaut. Bacch. iv. 3. 23. "Nunc agitas sat tute tuarum rerum.' sa tagit,] Satagere is, to be overwhelmed.in business, to be in trouble, as woλvægayμoveir. DA. ¶ As to the construction of satagit here with the genitive:-"The apparent substitution of the genitive case for the ablative-considered by some a Græcism-may be accounted for by considering negotio, together with a governing preposition, understood. According to this view, Integer (in negotio) vitæ imports, Integer in vitá;-Desine (a negotio) querelarum imports, Desine a querelis-Admonere (de negotio) egestatis imports, Admonere de egestate;—Implentur (ex negotio) Bacchi imports, Implentur ex Baccho." Phillips, Latin Exercises, chap. ix. (g) 14. eductam,] Scil. amicam. artis meretricia.] ¶ The "Nota-meretricis acumina" of Horace, Ep. i. 17. 55. On adjectives taking the genitive, see Hec. iv. 4. 60. 15. potens,] T Controlling me, making me do as she pleases. procax,] Procare, as Pompeius says, is, poscere. Whence procaces meretrices, from their incessantly demanding; and proci, i. e. uxorem poscentes in matrimonium. Therefore procax means, petax, dispoliatrix. C. magnifica,] Sumptuous in her furniture, dress, &c., and eager for costly entertainments. C. nobilis.] i. e. notable, known to many, from having many lovers. C. 66 16. quod dem ei,] ¶ Scil. secundum quod; 'as to what I can give her; to her demands I can only answer Recte est," i. e. "Tis well;" promising to fulfill her wishes, and holding out hopes. nihil esse] Scil. quod dem ei. religio est dicere.] ¶ I imagine it inauspicious, ominous, to sayabsolutely that I have nothing to give, and I prefer to cherish hope. Religiosus, according to Sabinus, means, made holy, set apart, from relin Hoc ego mali non pridem inveni; neque etiamdum scit pater. ACTUS II-SCENA II. CLINIA, CLITIPHO. Si mihi secundæ res de amore meo essent, jamdudum, scio, Venissent: sed vereor, ne mulier, me absente, hic corrupta sit. Concurrunt multæ opiniones, quæ mihi animum exaugeant: Occasio, locus, ætas, mater, cujus sub imperio est, mala; 5 Cui nil jam præter pretium dulce est. CLIT. Clinia—CLIN. Hei misero mihi! CLIT. etiam caves, ne videat forte hinc te a patre aliquis exiens? CLIN. Faciam. sed nescio quid profecto mihi animus præsagit mali. CLIT. Pergi'ne istuc prius dijudicare, quam scis, quid veri siet? quo, as ceremonia from careo. See Pius on Lucret. i. 64. and And. iv. 3. 15. 17. Hoc-mali] ¶ Scil. want of money. pridem] When I first involved myself. scit] Scil. how I am situated. Clinia expresses to Clitipho his fears concerning Antiphila, as they stand awaiting the return of Syrus and Dromo (See text, i. 2. 17.) 1. IAMBIC TETRAMETERS. 2. Venissent:] ¶ The messenger Dromo (servulus i. 2. 17.) and Syrus. vereor,] A person veretur, who is alarmed with reason; formidat, who is alarmed without reason. C. 3. animum exaugeant;] I think that the verse should be written thus:-Concurrunt multa, opinionem hanc quæ mihi animo exaugeant. Since exaugere animum, ağ, refers, not to sorrow, but to joy, Palmerius and others substitute exangeant. But it is better to read animo. For we find in Latin, augere, damno, commodis, honoribus, lætitia, &c. Then the change from opiniones is necessary, since the enumerations following are not properly to be classed as opiniones. B. Many fancies combine together to heighten my mind" as to these fears, or, "to heighten the state of my mind." Compare And. iii. 2. 31. Multa concurrunt simul, quî conjecturam hanc nunc faciam." Ad. iv. 4. 17. "Tot concurrunt similia." I must confess I do not see any absolute difficulty in this passage. 4. Occasio,] In her being handsome, and an object of admiration perhaps to many. Etas, as she is in the flower of youth, which is in most cases prone to swerve. On mater, cujus, &c., compare Juv. Sat. vi. 240. "Scilicet exspectes, ut tradat mater honestos, Aut alios mores, quam quos habet? utile porro Fileolam turpi vetulæ producere turpem." C. mater,] Scil. Philtera, the "anus Corinthia" iii. 3. 39. who was supposed to be her mother; and was "haud impura" (iv. 1. 16.) at least when she got Antiphila. See Argument; and note ii. 4. 8., end. 5. jam] ¶ In her old age, and when she has no character to maintain; whose main object would be to make as much gain of Antiphila as possible. misero] ¶ See And. iv. 4. 4. 6. Etiam caves,] T i. e. nonne etiam caves. Compare And. v. 2. 8. hinc] Al. hic, correctly; for a patre is not a meo, but, a tuo, scil. Menedemo. B. a patre] See And. i. 3. 21. 7. Faciam.] T i. e. id faciam, scil, cavebo. prasagit] According to Festus, præsagire is, acute sentire. Whence the old women called saga, and dogs called sagaces. Comp. Cic. Div. i. 31. "is igitur, qui ante sagit, quàm oblata res est, dicitur præsagire," i. e. futura antè sagire. W. S. istuc] Scil. præsagium. quid veri] |