afterwards substituted-with a peep of light, let in askance, from a prison-orifice at top, barely enough to read by. Here the poor boy was locked in by himself all day, without sight of any but the porter who brought him his bread and water-who might not speak to him;—or of the beadle, who came twice a week to call him out to receive his periodical chastisement, which was almost welcome, because it separated him for a brief interval from solitude :-and here he was shut up by himself of nights out of the reach of any sound, to suffer whatever horrors the weak nerves, and superstition incident to his time of life, might subject him to.* This was the penalty for the second offence. Wouldst thou like, reader, to see what became of him in the next degree? The culprit, who had been a third time an offender, and whose expulsion was at this time deemed irreversible, was brought forth, as at some solemn auto da fe, arrayed in uncouth and most appalling attire-all trace of his late "watchet weeds," carefully effaced, he was exposed in a jacket resembling those which London lamplighters formerly de| lighted in, with a cap of the same. The effect of this divestiture was such as the ingenious devisers of it could have anticipated. With his pale and frighted features, it was as if some of those disfigurements in Dante had seized upon him. In this disguisement he was brought into the hall, (L's favourite state-room), where awaited him the whole number of his school-fellows, whose joint lessons and sports he was thenceforth to share no more; the awful presence of the steward, to be seen for the last time; of the executioner beadle, clad in his state robe for the occasion; and of two faces more, of direr import, because never but in these extremities visible. These were governors; two of whom by choice, or charter, were always accustomed to officiate at these Ultima Supplicia; not to mitigate (so at least we understood it), but to enforce the uttermost stripe. Old Bamber Gascoigne, and Peter Aubert, I remember, were colleagues on one occasion, when the • One or two instances of lunacy, or attempted suicide, accordingly, at length convinced the governors of the impolicy of this part of the sentence, and the midnight torture to the spirits was dispensed with. This fancy of dungeons for children was a sprout of Howard's brain; for which (saving the reverence due to Holy Paul) methinks, I could willingly spit upon his statue. beadle turning rather pale, a glass of brandy was ordered to prepare him for the mysteries. The scourging was, after the old Roman fashion, long and stately. The lictor accompanied the criminal quite round the hall. We were generally too faint with attending to the previous disgusting circumstances, to make accurate report with our eyes of the degree of corporal suffering inflicted. Report, of course, gave out the back knotty and livid. After scourging, he was made over, in his San Benito, to his friends, if he had any (but commonly such poor runagates were friendless), or to his parish officer, who, to enhance the effect of the scene, had his station allotted to him on the outside of the hall gate. These solemn pageantries were not played off so often as to spoil the general mirth of the 'community. We had plenty of exercise and recreation after school hours; and, for myself, I must confess, that I was never happier, than in them. The Upper and the Lower Grammar Schools were held in the same room; and an imaginary line only divided their bounds. Their character was as different as that of the inhabitants on the two sides of the Pyrenees. The Rev. James Boyer was the Upper Master; but the Rev. Matthew Field presided over that portion of the apartment of which I had the good fortune to be a member. We lived a life as careless as birds. We talked and did just what we pleased, and nobody molested us. We carried an accidence, or a grammar, for form; but, for any trouble it gave us, we might take two years in getting through the verbs deponent, and another two in forgetting all that we had learned about them. There was now and then the formality of saying a lesson, but if you had not learned it, a brush across the shoulders (just enough to disturb a fly) was the sole remonstrance. Field never used the rod; and in truth he wielded the cane with no great good will-holding it "like a dancer." It looked in his hands rather like an emblem than an instrument of authority; and an emblem, too, he was ashamed of. He was a good easy man, that did not care to ruffle his own peace, nor perhaps set any great consideration upon the Value of juvenile time. He came among us, now and then, but often stayed away whole days from us; and when he came it made no difference to us-he had his private room to retire to, the short time he stayed, to be more reconcile us to our lot. His thunders out of the sound of our noise. Our mirth rolled innocuous for us: his storms came and uproar went on. We had classics of our near, but never touched us; contrary to own, without being beholden to "insolent Gideon's miracle, while all around were Greece or haughty Rome," that passed drenched, our fleece was dry. His boys current among us-Peter Wilkins - the turned out the better scholars; we, I suspect, Adventures of the Hon. Captain Robert have the advantage in temper. His pupils Boyle-the Fortunate Blue Coat Boy-and cannot speak of him without something of the like. Or we cultivated a turn for terror allaying their gratitude; the rememmechanic and scientific operations; making brance of Field comes back with all the little sun-dials of paper; or weaving those soothing images of indolence, and summer ingenious parentheses called cat-cradles; or slumbers, and work like play, and innocent making dry peas to dance upon the end of a idleness, and Elysian exemptions, and life tin pipe; or studying the art military over itself a "playing holiday." that laudable game "French and English," and a hundred other such devices to pass away the time-mixing the useful with the agreeable—as would have made the souls of Rousseau and John Locke chuckle to have seen us. Matthew Field belonged to that class of modest divines who affect to mix in equal proportion the gentleman, the scholar, and the Christian; but, I know not how, the first ingredient is generally found to be the predominating dose in the composition. He was engaged in gay parties, or with his courtly bow at some episcopal levee, when he should have been attending upon us. He had for many years the classical charge of a hundred children, during the four or five first years of their education; and his very highest form seldom proceeded further than two or three of the introductory fables of Phædrus. How things were suffered to go on thus, I cannot guess. Boyer, who was the proper person to have remedied these abuses, always affected, perhaps felt, a delicacy in interfering in a province not strictly his own. I have not been without my suspicions, that he was not altogether displeased at the contrast we presented to his end of the school. We were a sort of Helots to his young Spartans. He would sometimes, with ironic deference, send to borrow a rod of the Under Master, and then, with Sardonic grin, observe to one of his upper boys, "how neat and fresh the twigs looked." While his pale students were battering their brains over Xenophon and Plato, with a silence as deep as that enjoyed by the Samite, we were enjoying ourselves at our ease in our little Goshen. We saw a little into the secrets of his discipline, and the prospect did but the Though sufficiently removed from the jurisdiction of Boyer, we were near enough (as I have said) to understand a little of his system. We occasionally heard sounds of the Ululantes, and caught glances of Tartarus. B. was a rabid pedant. His English style was crampt to barbarism. His Easter anthems (for his duty obliged him to those periodical flights) were grating as scrannel pipes.†-He would laugh, ay, and heartily, but then it must be at Flaccus's quibble about Rex- or at the tristis severitas in vultu, or inspicere in patinas, of Terence— thin jests, which at their first broaching could hardly have had vis enough to move a Roman muscle. He had two wigs, both pedantic, but of different omen. The one serene, smiling, fresh powdered, betokening a mild day. The other, an old, discoloured, unkempt, angry caxon, denoting frequent and bloody execution. Woe to the school, when he made his morning appearance in his passy, or passionate wig. No comet expounded surer.-J. B. had a heavy hand. I have known him double his knotty fist at a poor trembling child (the maternal milk hardly dry upon its lips) with a “Sirrah, do you presume to set your wits at me ?"—Nothing was more common than to see him make a headlong entry into the school-room, from his inner recess, or library, and, with turbu • Cowley. In this and everything B. was the antipodes of his coadjutor. While the former was digging his brains for crude anthems, worth a pig-nut, F. would be recreating his gentlemanly fancy in the more flowery walks of the Muses. A little dramatic effusion of his, under the name of Vertumnus and Pomona, is not yet forgotten by the chroniclers of that sort of literature. It was accepted by Garrick, but the town did not give it their sanction.— B. used to say of it, in a way of half-compliment, halfirony, that it was too classical for representation. lent eye, singling out a lad, roar out, "Od's anti-socialities of their predecessors !-You my life, sirrah,” (his favourite adjuration) never met the one by chance in the street “I have a great mind to whip you," then, without a wonder, which was quickly diswith as sudden a retracting impulse, fling sipated by the almost immediate sub-appearback into his lair—and, after a cooling lapse ance of the other. Generally arm-in-arm, of some minutes (during which all but the these kindly coadjutors lightened for each culprit had totally forgotten the context) other the toilsome duties of their profession, drive headlong out again, piecing out his and when, in advanced age, one found it imperfect sense, as if it had been some convenient to retire, the other was not long Devil's Litany, with the expletory yell-in discovering that it suited him to lay down " and I WILL, too."-In his gentler moods, the fasces also. Oh, it is pleasant, as it is when the rabidus furor was assuaged, he had rare, to find the same arm linked in yours at resort to an ingenious method, peculiar, for forty, which at thirteen helped it to turn what I have heard, to himself, of whipping over the Cicero De Amicitiâ, or some tale of the boy, and reading the Debates, at the same Antique Friendship, which the young heart time; a paragraph, and a lash between; even then was burning to anticipate!— which in those times, when parliamentary Co-Grecian with S. was Th, who has oratory was most at a height and flourishing since executed with ability various diplomatic in these realms, was not calculated to impress functions at the Northern courts. Ththe patient with a veneration for the diffuser was a tall, dark, saturnine youth, sparing of graces of rhetoric. speech, with raven locks.-Thomas Fanshaw Middleton followed him (now Bishop of Calcutta), a scholar and a gentleman in his teens. He has the reputation of an excellent critic; and is author (besides the Country Spectator) of a Treatise on the Greek Article, against Sharpe. M. is said to bear his mitre high in India, where the regni novitas (I dare say) sufficiently justifies the bearing. A humility quite as primitive as that of Jewel or Hooker might not be exactly fitted to impress the minds of those Anglo-Asiatic diocesans with a reverence for home institutions, and the church which those fathers watered. The manners of M. at school, though firm, were mild and unassuming.-Next to M. (if not senior to him) was Richards, author of the Aboriginal Britons, the most spirited of the Oxford Prize Poems; a pale, studious Grecian.— Then followed poor S- ill-fated M ! of these the Muse is silent. Once, and but once, the uplifted rod was known to fall ineffectual from his handwhen droll squinting W- having been caught putting the inside of the master's desk to a use for which the architect had clearly not designed it, to justify himself, with great simplicity averred, that he did not know that the thing had been forewarned. This exquisite irrecognition of any law antecedent to the oral or declaratory, struck so irresistibly upon the fancy of all who heard it (the pedagogue himself not excepted) that remission was unavoidable. L. has given credit to B.'s great merits as an instructor. Coleridge, in his literary life, has pronounced a more intelligible and ample encomium on them. The author of the Country Spectator doubts not to compare him with the ablest teachers of antiquity. Perhaps we cannot dismiss him better than with the pious ejaculation of C.-when he heard that his old master was on his deathbed: "Poor J. B. !-may all his faults be forgiven; and may he be wafted to bliss by little cherub boys all head and wings, with no bottoms to reproach his sublunary infirmities." Under him were many good and sound scholars bred.-First Grecian of my time was Lancelot Pepys Stevens, kindest of boys and men, since Co-grammar-master (and inseparable companion) with Dr. Te. What an edifying spectacle did this brace of friends present to those who remembered the Finding some of Edward's race Come back into memory, like as thou wert in the day-spring of thy fancies, with hope like a fiery column before thee the dark pillar not yet turned-Samuel Taylor Coleridge-Logician, Metaphysician, Bard!— How have I seen the casual passer through the Cloisters stand still, intranced with admiration (while he weighed the disproportion between the speech and the garb of the thou wert the Nireus formosus of the school), in the days of thy maturer waggery, thou didst disarm the wrath of infuriated towndamsel, who, incensed by provoking pinch, turning tigress-like round, suddenly converted by thy angel-look, exchanged the half-formed terrible “bl,” for a gentler greeting-" bless thy handsome face!" 66 young Mirandula), to hear thee unfold, in that beautiful countenance, with which (for thy deep and sweet intonations, the mysteries of Jamblichus, or Plotinus (for even in those years thou waxedst not pale at such philosophic draughts), or reciting Homer in his Greek, or Pindar-while the walls of the old Grey Friars re-echoed to the accents of the inspired charity-boy !—Many were the "wit-combats," (to dally awhile with the words of old Fuller,) between him and C. V. Le G, "which two I behold like a Spanish great galleon, and an English man of war; Master Coleridge, like the former, was built far higher in learning, solid, but slow in his performances. C. V. L., with the English man of war, lesser in bulk, but lighter in sailing, could turn with all tides, tack about, and take advantage of all winds, by the quickness of his wit and invention." Nor shalt thou, their compeer, be quickly forgotten, Allen, with the cordial smile, and still more cordial laugh, with which thou wert wont to make the old Cloisters shake, in thy cognition of some poignant jest of theirs; or the anticipation of some more material, and, peradventure practical one, of thine own. Next follow two, who ought to be now alive, and the friends of Elia-the junior Le G- and F; who impelled, the former by a roving temper, the latter by too quick a sense of neglect-ill capable of enduring the slights poor Sizars are sometimes subject to in our seats of learning exchanged their Alma Mater for the camp; perishing, one by climate, and one on the plains of Salamanca :—Le Gsanguine, volatile, sweet-natured; Fdogged, faithful, anticipative of insult, warmhearted, with something of the old Roman height about him. Fine, frank-hearted Fr, the present master of Hertford, with Marmaduke T—, mildest of Missionaries-and both my good friends still-close the catalogue of Grecians Extinct are those smiles, with in my time. THE TWO RACES OF MEN. Observe who have been the greatest borrowers of all ages-Alcibiades-Falstaff Brinsley-what a family likeness in all four! THE human species, according to the best theory I can form of it, is composed of two distinct races, the men who borrow, and the Sir Richard Steele-our late incomparable men who lend. To these two original diversities may be reduced all those impertinent classifications of Gothic and Celtic tribes, white men, black men, red men. All the dwellers upon earth, "Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites," flock hither, and do naturally fall in with one or other of these primary distinctions. The infinite superiority of the former, which I choose to designate as the great race, is discernible in their figure, port, and a certain instinctive sovereignty. The latter are born degraded. "He shall serve his brethren." There is something in the air of one of this cast, lean and suspicious; contrasting with the open, trusting, generous manners of the other. What a careless, even deportment hath your borrower! what rosy gills! what a beautiful reliance on Providence doth he manifest, -taking no more thought than lilies! What contempt for money,-accounting it (yours and mine especially) no better │ than dross! What a liberal confounding of those pedantic distinctions of meum and tuum! or rather, what a noble simplification of language (beyond Tooke), resolving these supposed opposites into one clear, intelligible pronoun adjective!—What near approaches doth he make to the primitive community,— to the extent of one half of the principle at least. cumbersome luggage of riches, more apt (as To slacken virtue, and abate her edge, borrow!" He is the true taxer who "calleth all the world up to be taxed;" and the distance is as vast between him and one of us, as subsisted between the Augustan Majesty and the poorest obolary Jew that paid it tributepittance at Jerusalem !-His exactions, too, he set forth, like some Alexander, upon have such a cheerful, voluntary air! So far his great enterprise, "borrowing and to removed from your sour parochial or stategatherers, those ink-horn varlets, who carry their want of welcome in their faces! He cometh to you with a smile, and troubleth you with no receipt; confining himself to no set season. Every day is his Candlemas, or his Feast of Holy Michael. He applieth the lene tormentum of a pleasant look to your purse, which to that gentle warmth expands her silken leaves, as naturally as the cloak of the traveller, for which sun and wind contended! He is the true Propontic which never ebbeth! The sea which taketh handsomely at each man's hand. In vain the victim, whom he delighteth to honour, struggles with destiny; he is in the net. Lend therefore cheerfully, O man ordained to lend that thou lose not in the end, with thy worldly penny, the reversion promised. Combine not preposterously in thine own person the penalties of Lazarus and of Dives!-but, when thou seest the proper authority coming, meet it smilingly, as it were half-way. Come, a handsome sacrifice! See how light he makes of it! Strain not courtesies with a noble enemy. In his periegesis, or triumphant progress throughout this island, it has been calculated that he laid a tythe part of the inhabitants under contribution. I reject this estimate as greatly exaggerated :—but having had the honour of accompanying my friend divers times, in his perambulations about this vast city, I own I was greatly struck at first with the prodigious number of faces we met, who claimed a sort of respectful acquaintance with us. He was one day so obliging as to explain the phenomenon. It seems, these were his tributaries; feeders of his exchequer; gentlemen, his good friends (as he was pleased to express himself), to whom he had occasionally been beholden for a loan. Their multitudes did no way disconcert him. He rather took a pride in numbering them; and, with Comus, seemed pleased to be "stocked with so fair a herd." With such sources, it was a wonder how he contrived to keep his treasury always empty. He did it by force of an aphorism, which he had often in his mouth, that "money kept longer than three days stinks." So he made use of it while it was fresh. A good part he drank away (for he was an excellent toss-pot); some he gave away, the rest he threw away, literally tossing and hurling it violently from him-as boys do burrs, or as if it had been infectious,-into ponds, or ditches, or deep holes, inscrutable cavities of the earth;—or he would bury it (where he would never seek it again) by a river's side under some bank, which (he would facetiously observe) paid no interest Reflections like the foregoing were forced upon my mind by the death of my old friend, Ralph Bigod, Esq., who parted this life, on Wednesday evening; dying, as he had lived, without much trouble. He boasted himself a descendant from mighty ancestors of that name, who heretofore held ducal dignities in this realm. In his actions and sentiments he belied not the stock to which he pretended. Early in life he found himself invested with ample but out away from him it must go revenues; which, with that noble disinterest- peremptorily, as Hagar's offspring into the edness which I have noticed as inherent wilderness, while it was sweet. He never in men of the great race, he took almost missed it. The streams were perennial immediate measures entirely to dissipate which fed his fisc. When new supplies beand bring to nothing: for there is some- came necessary, the first person that had thing revolting in the idea of a king holding the felicity to fall in with him, friend or a private purse; and the thoughts of Bigod stranger, was sure to contribute to the were all regal. Thus furnished by the deficiency. For Bigod had an undeniable very act of disfurnishment; getting rid of the way with him. He had a cheerful, open |