ganization, equipment, and support of the Royalist volunteers of the kingdom, from the end of the year 1823 to that of 1826. The sum of the whole, including the expenses of religious ceremonies, the blessing of banners, and other casual charges, amounts to 119,000,000 of reals (31,535,000 francs). At present the taxes imposed on every kind of provisions, crops, merchandises, and importations, for the support of the Royalist volunteers, has arisen to two thirds of the ordinary contributions; and it is remarked that all the villages which have no Royalist ⚫ volunteers pay as much of the contributions as those which have.

On the 23d June, a Pedlar slept at a house in the province of Guadalaxara, where he had frequently put up before. When he retired to bed, the woman of the house and her husband opened his pack through curiosity, and were tempted, by the value of its contents, to murder him, and possess themselves of his property. The husband hesitating to do the deed, his wife took a poniard, stept on tip-toe into the room where the pedlar lay asleep, and stabbed him to the heart. They buried his body in their garden. A few days afterwards the woman sent her daughter, aged eight years, to school, wearing a silk handkerchief that was found in the pack. The schoolmistress asked the child where her mother bought the handkerchief, and the child said her mother had a great many prettier ones. On returning home, she related to her parents what she had told the schoolmistress, which greatly alarmed them, and they resolved to murder the child. It was planned that the father should dig a hole next morning in the garden, that the mother should send the child to him there, and that he should strangle and bury it. The child (who had overheard the conversation) was sent next morning into the garden, and innocently said, father, that grave is for me, is it not?" The words caused a remorse of conscience in him, and he angrily told her to return to the house. Here the inhuman mother resolved to perpetrate the horrid deed herself; she lighted the oven, threw the child into the flames, and closed the door! The thickness of the smoke, and its extraordinary smell, induced some neigh bours to ask her what was baking that caused such an odour; her confusion and terror became apparent; they opened the oven door, and saw two half-consumed legs of the child, the rest of the body being reduced to enders. The man and woman were delivered to officers of justice, and they confessed their guilt.

Letters from Madrld, state, that the Governor of Algesiras, Colonel Miranda, had addressed an official note to his government, of the recent conspiracy discovered in his commandery. From this it appears, that the ramifications of this plot, which had for

[July,

its object the elevation of Charles to the throne of Spain, and the destruction of the liberals, had extended to Algesiras, Marques Bolonea Barrios, and the Camp of St Roche. The plot was revealed to the Governor by one of the officers concerned, and measures were secretly adopted to defeat the object of the conspirators. Accordingly, the Governor, at the head of the troops of the garrison, suddenly charged the rebels at one of their assemblies, and, after killing three and wounding eight, made a very considerable number prisoners.

ITALY.

A dreadful hurricane has visited almost all Calabria. The district of Calona is converted into a Lake, which, in many places, is 35 feet deep. Two-thirds of Gallico are. destroyed, and one-third of the unfortunate inhabitants perished in the waves. From the town of Giovanni to Reggio, the whole country is a sea. In the neighbourhood of the latter, a water volcano has been formed, which continues to extend, and lays waste the country. Many ships were lost, one with sixty-two passengers-few of whom were saved.

Letters from Messina mention a very remarkable natural phenomenon, which has taken place on the coast of Calabria, opposite to Messina, and not many miles distant from Reggio. The powerful action of the sea during the late storms has carried away a small village, which stood on the shore, together with a considerable space of the shore itself, and formed a natural harbour, capable of sheltering a great number of ships of war in perfect safety. Such a harbour, it is said, was much wanted on that part of the coast.

SWITZERLAND.

The Diet of the Confederation opened its Session at Zurich, on the 2d of June. The whole of the diplomatic body came from Berne, for the occasion, and the Ambassadors, Ministers, and Charges d'Affaires of Great Britain, Russia, Austria, Prussia, Sicily, Sardinia, the Netherlands, Bavaria, and Baden, were present, when the deputies from the twenty-two Cantons took the oath in the Cathedral. The speech of M. David V. Wyss, president of the Diet, burgomaster of Zurich, was distinguished by frankness and republican spirit. He rejoiced at the estimation in which Switzerland was held by the European powers, as a testimony of which, their worthy representatives were present at this solemnity. With respect to the confederation itself, for the purpose of swearing to which the Deputies of all the Cantons were now assembled, what might be wanting in internal connection and energy, was supplied by the public spirit of the nation, which continued to manifest itself in the most pleasing manner.

TURKEY AND GREECE.

A treaty between Great Britain, France, and Russia, which has for its object the termination of the existing struggle in Greece, has been formally signed by the three contracting powers. The specific

intentions of this treaty are to give practical effect to the principles which were agreed upon at St. Petersburgh, when his Grace the Duke of Wellington went to that capital on a special diplomatic mission. The three powers, who have thus united for the attainment of one common purpose, declare, in the first instance, that they are influenced by a sincere and anxious desire to stop that effusion of human blood which has taken place during more than six years, and which, from the very nature of the contest, is likely yet to continue for probably as much longer a period. They also feel it necessary, from a just consideration of their own maritime and commercial interests, and the interests of their respective subjects, to put an end to a state of things which seriously affects those interests in the Mediterranean.

The following is an outline of the treaty above mentioned, which was signed by Lord Visc. Dudley, Foreign Secretary; Prince Polignac, the French Ambassador; and Prince de Lieven, Russian Ambassador, on the part of England, France, and Russia:The preamble recites the necessity of a steady and complete pacification.Article

The offer of mediation to be made by the collective declaration of the Allied Powers at Constantinople, demanding an immediate armistice.Art. 2, The Greeks to hold of the Ottoman Porte as feudal Lord, and to pay an annual tribute; to choose their own rulers, subject to the veto of the Porte; the nations to be completely separated, and Turkish proprietors to be indemnified by a compensation.-Art. 8, The details of arrangements, the continental boundaries, and selection of islands, to be settled between the Allied Powers, and the belligerents at a future negociation. —Art. 4, relates to expediting the instructions to Constantinople-Art. 5, disclaims all terri torial or commercial advantage on the part of the contracting powers. Art. 6, provides for the guaranteeing the treaty.-Art. 7, ratifications to be exchanged in two months. Additional and secret article. In case of refusal by the Porte, the representatives at Constantinople to declare that the inconveniences of the last six years' warfare impose the necessity of immediate approximation with the Greeks, by esta blishing commercial relations, and sending consular agents, so long as there are suthorities capable of maintaining them. In case of refusal, by either or bath of the belligerent powers, within one month, to accede to this arrangement, the contracting powers

shall signify their intention of using every endeavour to prevent collision between the parties, but without taking any part in hos tilities. And finally, if either still continues to refuse the adoption, the represen tatives in London are to arrange ulterior measures which it may be necessary to adopt.

The Porte, it appears, denies the right of any power to interfere with the internal affairs of Turkey, or dictate the conditions on which it will treat with its rebellious subjects. The consequence will probably be, should the Divan remain obstinate, a declaration of war on the part of France, Russia, and England.

ASIA.

Accounts from the Dutch settlement of Java, have been received to the 9th of March. The affairs of that island remained in a critical situation, the rebels continuing to increase in numbers. On the 1st of March they were not more than 40 miles from Samarang, and the rebellion being general throughout the island, the government had been compelled to distribute so many military posts as to render them unable to collect any large body of troops on one point. The conducting of the war was very difficult, as the chiefs avoided a general engagement, and whenever attacked by any considerable force retreated, and if pursued dispersed, watching every opportunity of attacking the Dutch troops in small bodies. The excessive fatigue occasioned by this desultory mode of warfare has occasioned great sickness among the European troops, and considerably weakened the power of the colonists.

A letter from Batavia, dated Feb. 28, says, that the troops are dying at the rate of 150 men per day; they are shut up in small ports in the interior; and such is the harassing manoeuvres of the native forces, that the Dutch troops cannot have intercourse with each other, however short may be the distance, without a force of 400 or 500 men being detached. What adds to the mortality is, that many Europeans are shut up, not in camp, but in Bamboo huts; and as the rainy season has set in, the deaths are becoming more frequent.

By intelligeuce from China we learn, that the rebellion in Tartary had assumed a most formidable appearance. The Emperor had been compelled to make considerable drafts on the Salt and Hong merchants, for the means of carrying on the war. It was doubtful what effect the insurrection would have on the forthcoming tea crop.

AFRICA.

Accounts from Cape Coast Castle state, that a very interesting piece of intelligence had reached that settlement; several white slaves, it is now ascertained, are at Cromassie, the capital of the Ashantees; and it

is believed they are the survivors of the unfortunate battle between Sir C. M'Car thy and the Ashantees. The Governor, Sir N. Campbell, immediately on hearing the news, had determined on sending a deputation to the capital to negociate their release; but up to the latest date none of the Fantees could be prevailed on to undertake the mission; and no white men are allowed to enter the Ashantee dominions.

AMERICA, &c.

The proceedings of the constituted authorities at Jamaica present but an unsatisfactory aspect. It appears that the House of Assembly passed a resolution in May last, to this effect-" that the allowances to the British troops should be stopped in June (now past), unless the grievance complained of by the imposition of duties without the consent of the (Jamaican) Legislature, were fully redressed before that day." News of a rising by the Republican

[July,

party in the Brazilian province of Para, against the government of Don Pedro, has been received. The insurrection, it is added, was suppressed, after 200 persons had been killed and the leaders arrested, A new levy of recruits, ordered by the Emperor, is said to have been the cause of this rebellion.

The American papers mention "another shower of stones" at Nashville, on the 9th of May; a spitting of these stones commenced, which ended in a regular shower; several stones sunk twelve inches in the earth, and were of the weight of eleven pounds and a half. The American papers say, "it was accompanied by a noise which resembled that of a battle, the firing of cannon or muskets by platoons, and beating of drums." The Philadelphia paper in copying these wonders, says, this is quite a common occurrence-it is dangerous to live in Tennessae!"

LONDON AND ITS VICINITY. The Seventh Report of the Commissioners for the building of New Churches states, that since the last Report, which announced the completion of sixty-four new Churches and Chapels, five additional ones have been built; namely, in Myddleton Square, Clerkenwell; at Earl's Eaton, York; at Leicester; at Attercliffe, York; and at Haggerstone, Shoreditch. Forty-eight Churches and Chapels are also in progress at the following places: at Lewthwaite, York; Bermondsey, Surrey; Bethnal-green, Middlesex; Birmingham; Blackburn; Brighton; Croydon, Surrey; Derby; Dewsbury, co. York, Netherton, co. Worcester; Edmonton and Fulham, Middlesex; Stretton, co. Chester; Gwennap, Cornwall; North Audley-street; Pimlico; Islington; Brompton, Middlesex; Starcross, co. Devon; Chasewater and Truro, Cornwall; Lambeth; Sydenham, Kent; Liverpool; Maidstone; Hulme, co. Lanc.; Margate; Portland-road, St. Marylebone; Birch, co. Lanc.; Newcastle-under-Lyme, co. Staff.; Oldham, co. Lanc.; Portsea, co. Southampton; Ramsgate; Ripon and Greasborough, co. York; Winlaton, co. Durham; Scarborough, co. York; Sedgley, co. Staff.; Sheffield, co. York; West Bromwich, co. Stafford. His Majesty's commissioners state, that since the opening of the commission, they have already determined on and made provision for the erection of 199 additional Churches and Chapels; and that 69 of that number either have been, or are ready to be, consecrated. The exchequer-bills which have been issued to this time amount to the

1 sum of 925,9004.

The following are the enactments of the new Law of Arrest, brought into operation the 1st of August. No person to be held to special bail where the cause of action is under 204. Defendant to be discharged from arrest upon making deposit with the sheriff, and may, instead of perfecting bail, allow deposit to be paid into court; or if he remain in custody, or give bail to the sheriff, he may pay the debt into court, with 201. to answer costs, and file common bail. Defendant may receive deposits and payments out of court, upon perfecting bail. Defendant, after perfecting bail, may make deposit and payment, and file common bail. Personal notice of summons to appear, and when defendant does not appear within eight days, plaintiff may enter common appearance. From the 1st August 1827, the provisions of 19th Geo. III. cap. 70, extend to actions for higher sums. As to arrests in Wales, Cheshire, Lancashire, and Durham, by process out of any of the courts of Westminster Hall. Sheriffs, &c. not to execute process unless the writ be delivered by an attorney, &c. and indorsed with his name and place of abode. Warrants, &c. contrary hereto shall be void. This act not to extend to Scotland and Ireland.

The chief alterations made by the Act for regulating the mode of taking the averages of Corn are these:-The King in Council is empowered from time to time to fix the places in Great Britain and Ireland whence returns shall be made; but, with two or three exceptions, the same places are named in this as in the former Act. Brewers, distillers, and proprietors of stage coaches, waggons, &c. are to make returns of their

purchases. Inspectors may require from any person making a return, a declaration where and in what manner the corn was delivered. The Comptroller (hitherto called the Receiver) of Corn Returns, if he shall see cause to think any return fraudulent or untrue, is to lay the grounds of his belief before the Privy Council, and 'not to omit such return without their authority.

The Directors of the Bank of England have come to a resolution to discount for the future at 4l. instead of 51. per cent. The effect on the value of the public securities was speedily shewn, Consols having risen, within a very short space of time, from 864

to 88.

Mr. W. Sams, the bookseller, of Pall Mall, lately appeared to answer to an information lodged at the instance of Mr. Sykes, the solicitor to the Stamp-office, for having neglected to pay the stamp-duty upon the work called "The last Illness of his Royal Highness the Duke of York," &c. by Sir Herbert Taylor. The information was laid under the statute which requires a certain duty to be paid upon all printed books or pamphlets which consist of more than one, and not less than eight sheets, under a penalty not exceeding twenty pounds. The information stated, "that the pamphlet contained five sheets in octavo," and that "the said pamphlet was within one year now last past printed and published within the weekly bills of mortality, upon which said pamphlet a certain duty, to wit, the sum of 15s. that is to say, 3s. for every sheet thereof, is charged by act of parliament. Mr. Sykes said, that the duty upon works of the kind above mentioned was evaded to a very great extent, and in many instauces, he believed, not with any intention to defraud the revenue. The Commissioners of Stamps, however, had now come to a determination to enforce the payment in every instance; and, therefore, the information had been laid. Mr. Sams pleaded guilty to the information, but said he had incurred the penalty by sheer inadvertence. He was in the habit of paying considerable sums at once to the stamp-office, and he thought the duty on the books in question had been included in some one of those payments. Sir R. Birnie said, there could be no doubt that the omission was unintentional; and fined Mr. Sams in the mitigated penalty of 51.

Old Bailey, July 14.-A singular and unexpected acquittal for murder took place. Wm. Sheen was arraigned for the murder of his own infant child, by cutting off its head. He had been acquitted at the previous Sessions, on the ground that the child's name was not correctly set forth in the indictment, inasmuch as the infant being born before the father's marriage, the latter ought to have been indicted for murdering a child named Beadle, the surname of his mother, and not Sheen, the name of the father. To

guard against a similar error, the present indictment contained nine counts, designating the child in every way he was accustomed to be called, or known by; and this minute description appears to have been the very cause of his acquittal. A plea was put in, in bar of a second trial for the same offence; and every witness called proved that the child was as well known by one name as another-by that of William, of Billy, of Charles William Beadle, of Charles William Sheen, and indeed by every name mentioned in the indictment. It was therefore contended for the prisoner, that as the jury were impannelled merely to try whether the child was known by the different names stated in the indictment as well as any other, the issue was in favour of the prisoner.Mr. Justice Burrough observed, that if the jury were satisfied that the child was as well known by the name of Charles William Beadle as Charles William Sheen, the prisoner could not be tried again, as his life could not be placed in jeopardy a second time. The jury, after a short consultation, decided that the child was as well known by one name as the other; and the prisoner was consequently acquitted and discharged.-He has since been taken into custody, and imprisoned for want of bail, for threatening the life of an old woman, who was a neighbour of his.

INTELLIGENCE FROM VARIOUS PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. On the Bledlow Hills is to be traced the figure of a cross cut in the chalk, but which, from its having been neglected many years, is now nearly obliterated by the grass and weeds growing on it. A gentleman, who visited it a few days ago, and who is somewhat of an antiquary, had the curiosity to measure its dimensions, and to examine it very narrowly. He supposes it to have been made by the Saxons about the time the Whiteleaf Cross (from which it is not very distant), was formed; the mode of working seems to have been by digging squares of six feet, of which there are five, both in the perpendicular and the transverse lines, making a cross of 30 feet long in both lines, and of the width of six feet. The Whiteleaf Cross, near Princes Risborough, has a perpendicular line of 100 feet, and a transverse one of 70; the breadth of the perpendicular line at the bottom is about 50 feet, but it grows gradually narrower, and at the top it is not more than 20.

July 11. Gordon Castle, near Fockabers, co. Moray, was discovered to be on fire. In a short time the whole eastern wing (two stories in height, 190 feet in length and 70 in breadth) was enveloped in one general blaze, and is now a scene of entire devastation. The destruction of property occasioned by this melancholy occur