TABLE II. Showing the total population of each of the United States according to the enumerations in 1799, 1800, 1810 and 1820, with the increase and rate of increase between those periods.

States.

Maine,

N. H.

Vt.
Mass.

R. 1.
Conn.

N. Y.

N. J.

Pa.

Dela.

Md.

Va.

N. C.

8. C.

Geo.

Ala.

Mis.

Lou.

Ten.

Ken.

Population.

Increase Rate of Increase from 1790 1790-1800-18104

In 1790 | In 1800 | In 1810 | In 1820 to 1820. 1800 1810 1820

per c. per c. perc. 201,795 57.2 50.7 30.4 102,276 29.6 16.6 13.8 8.2 150,225 80.5 41.0 144,500 11.5 11,6 10.9 8.0 14,234 0.4 11.4 37,202 5.5 4.3 5.1

96,540 151,719 228,705 298,335 141,885 183,858 214,460 244,161 85,539 154,465 217,895 235,764 378,787 422,845 472,040 523,287 83,059 69,122 68,825 76,931 237,946 251,002 261,942 275,248 340,120 586,050 959,0491,372,8121,032,692 72.0 63.6 43.1 184,139 211,149 245,562 277,575 93,436 14.3 16.3 13.0 437,373 602,548 810,091 1,049,398 615,025 38.6 34.4 29.5 59,094 64,273 72,674 13,645 8.7 13.0 319,728 349,692 380,546 407,350 87,622 6.8 11.4 747,610 886,149 974,6221,065,366 317,756 17.6 10.7 393,751 478,103 555,500 638,829 245,078 21.4 16.2 11.4 240,073 345,591 415,115 490,309 250,236 38.6 20.1 18.1 82,548 162,686 252,433 340,989 258,441 97.0 55.1 35.1 127,901 356.0545.0 8,850 31,502 75,448 76,556 153,407

100 35,691 105,602 261,727 422,813 387,122 196.0147.8 61 73,677 220,959 406,511 564,317 490,640 200.0 83.9 39

Ohio, 3,000 45,365 230,760 581,434 578,434 1400 408 152

Remarks. In 1790, the population of the Union was almost confined to the country on the Atlantic coast; the states west of the Alleghany mountains containing scarcely 100,000 inhabitants. Since that period, thousands have migrated every year to the states west of the mountains, and in 1820, those states, including Alabama and Mississippi, contained more than 2,000,000 inhabi tants. Emigrants have also flocked in great numbers to Georgia, Vermont, Maine, and especially to the western district of NewYork, which was almost a wilderness in 1790. The states which have lost most by these migrations are Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode-Island, New-Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and the Carolinas. At the present time the tide of emigration appears to be flowing with great rapidity towards Indiana, Illipois, Missouri, Alabama, and Mississippi.

From the table it appears that the population of the United States has increased 32.9 per cent. between 1810 and 1820. At this rate it will double in about 25 years. The ratio of increase, however, seems to be gradually diminishing. Between 1790 and 1800 it was 35.1 per cent.; and between 1800 and 1810 only 34.6 per cent. Still, there is no reason to apprehend that it will be materially less during the next 30 years, than it has been hitherto. Very little of the increase is to be attributed to the immigration of foreigners. According to the best estimates the number of foreigners who have arrived in this country has not hitherto averaged more than 5,000 or 6,000 annually; while the natural increase of the population is nearly 300,000. In some years probably as many persons have emigrated from the United States to Canada as have arrived from Europe. The population of Upper Canada is composed principally of emigrants from the United States.

Questions. 1. Which state contained the greatest population in 1790? which, in 1800? which, in 1810? which, in 1820 ? 2. Which state increased most between 1790 and 1820? 3. Which, next? 4. Which, next? 5. Which, next? 6. Which states increased more than 100 per cent. between 1790 and 1800 ? 7. Which, between 1800 and 1810? 8. Which, between 1810 and 1820? 9. Which states increased less than ten per cent. between 1790 and 1800? 10. Which, between 1800 and 1810? 11. Which, between 1810 and 1820? 12. What was the population of the western states in 1790? 13. What, in 1820? 14. Did the population of the United States increase as fast between 1810 and 1820 as between 1790 and 1800? 15. Has the population of the United States been much increased by the immigration of foreigners?

TABLE III. Showing the rate of increase of the white and of the black population in each state, between the several national enumerations.

57.2

52.0 50.9 18.4

States. Whites BlacksWhites Blacks Whites Blacks Whites Blacks

Maine

per c. per c.per c. per c. per c. per c.] per c. per c.

30.5 -4.2 209.6 72.7

Remarks. From the above table it appears that, taking the whole United States together, the whites increase faster than the blacks. During the last 30 years the proportion has been as 147 to 133. But in the states in which the blacks are very numerous they have almost uniformly increased faster than the whites of those states. In Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee and Kentucky, for example, the blacks Guring the last 30 years, have increased much faster than the whites. In North Carolina and Tennessee they have increased more than as fast again. In South Carolina, during the last ten years, they have increased more than three times as fast, the proportion being as 28 to 8. In the northern states, on the other hand, the black population is almost stationary, and in Maine, New-Hampshire and Rhode Island, during the last ten years, has

Mass.

R. I.
Conn.

actually diminished. The increase of the black population between 1810 and 1820 was considerably less than between 1800 and 1810. This appears to be owing in part to the prohibition of the importation of slaves, which took effect on the 1st of Janu. 1808. Questions. 1. Which increased fastest between 1790 and 1820, the white or black population of the United States? 2. Which, the fastest, the white or black population of Pennsylvania? of Delaware? of Maryland? of Virginia? North Carolina? South Carolina? Georgia? Tennessee? Kentucky? Maine? NewHampshire? Massachusetts? Rhode Island? Connecticut? NewYork? 8. How much faster did the blacks increase than the whites between 1810 and 1820, in South Carolina? in North Carolina? 4. When did the blacks increase fastest, between 1800 and 1810, or between 1810 and 1820? 5. To what cause is the difference to be ascribed.

TABLE IV. Showing the number of whites and the number of blacks in the several states at each of the four national enumerations.

Whites. 1820 1810 1800 1790 96,002 150,901 227,736 297,340 141,097 182,995 213,490 243,236 85,298 153,903 217,145 234,846 373,324 416,393 465,303 516,419 64,470 232,374 244,751 255,179 267,181 314,142 555,063 918,699 1,332,744 169,954 194,325 226,868 257,409 14,185 424,099 586,278 786,804 1,017,094 55,361 55,282 12,786 49,852 46,308 208,649 221,998 235,117 260,222 111,079 442,117 518,674 551,534 603,008 305,493 288,204 337,864 376,410 419,200 105,547 S. C. 131,178 196,259 214,196 231,812 108,895 52,886 101,068 145,414 189,566 29,662

N. J.

Penn.

Dela.

Md.

Va.

N. C.

Geo.

Ala.

Miss.

Lou.

Ken. Ohio,

Ind.

Misso.

Mich T Ark.T.

Col. D.

Total, 3,172,1204,304,3065,862,0937,856,269 757,208 1,001,729 1,377,810/1,764,836

Remark. The black population includes slaves and free colored persons.

Questions. 1. Which state contained the greatest white population in 1790? which, in 1800? which, in 1810? which, in

17.

1820? 2. Which state has the greatest black population? 5. Which states contain 3. Which, next? 4. Which, next? more than 50,000 blacks? 6. What is the amount of the black population of the United States?

TABLE V. Showing the proportion of the sexes in the free white population of each state, in 1790, 1800, 1810 and 1820; and in the slave and free colored population in 1820.

Remarks. Taking the whole black population together, the number of males was to the number of females in 1820, as 100 to 96.6. There is no essential difference, therefore, in the proportion of the sexes, between the white and black population. It is worthy of remark, in the above table, that the proportion of white females in 1820, was more than one per cent. greater than in 1810. The difference is doubtless to be ascribed to the number of soldiers who perished during the late war in battle and by disease. This number was at least 40,000, which is about