houses are insufficient for the hay, forage, and ammunition. Surely there must be some hidden meaning in this "note of preparation; "-it seems much too extended and too ample for a mere precautionary mea sure. In its internal administration the government proceeds in the same steady and determined system of severity. The four conspirators, condemn ed at Rochelle, have perished on the scaffold, and Berton and his associates, their appeal having been disallowed, have shared the same fate. The papers are filled with very interesting details as to the bravery with which these men met their death. They are, however, much too minute for our transcription; but as Berton excited so much notice, the manner in which he conducted himself through the last great trial may not be unacceptable to our readers, particularly as the truth of the account is vouched for by his confessor. At half past nine, on the morning of the day of the execution, Cafe, one of the condemned, who had been lying on his bed apparently listening to his confessor, contrived to open the femoral artery with some instrument which he had concealed under the bed clothes; his death was so sudden, that he had only time to say to his confessor," Give me your blessing and embrace me." In consequence of this event, Berton was more closely watched, and his arms tied. When led to execution, he was dressed in a blue great coat, and had a helmet on his head; on the way to the scaffold he behaved with every courtesy to the priest who attended him, and died, after having received the sacraments. He was much altered in his appearance after his condemnation, but died with great firmness. His last words, pronounced in a firm voice, and twice repeated, were, " Vive la France!"-" Vive la Liberté !" The intelligence from Ireland occupies, and we fear is long likely to occupy, the leading feature in our domestic abstract. Now that the new harvest has been gathered, and has fully equalled, in its produce, the hopes of the most sanguine, the disposition to commit every kind of outrage seems rather to have increased than diminished. In the south, particularly, the possession of property, or a good house, constitutes the un failing excitement to every kind of depredation. The tithe system seems to be the ostensible pretence, but we fear the evil is much deeper seated. The great land-holders and gentry of the country have, however, met, and endeavoured, as far as in them lay, to obviate this pretence, by entering into a resolution to recommend the commutation of tithes to the legislature. Such a recommendation will, we hope, have its weight, although we are disposed to doubt very much the ultimate success of the experiment. In Dublin, indeed, the troubles of Ireland seem to have been by some ascribed to another, and a very different source, namely, the Union. A motion was lately made in the Guild of Merchants, and unanimously agreed to, to present a petition for a repeal of that measure. It would be premature to offer any observations now upon the policy of this attempt; as to its fate, however, we may venture to predict, without the danger of bringing our repute as prophets into question. Even Mr. Fox, when asked for his support of such a petition, is reported to have said, that "it was a very different thing to oppose a measure in the first instance, and afterwards to vote for its repeal, if carried." We saw little in the last days of the Irish parliament to call in question Swift's double sarcasm against both it and the Irish university, where, in his "Legion Club," speaking of the situation of the building, he describes it as Not a bowshot from the college, Another motion was made in the same Guild, to admit catholics to its freedom; and, with singular consistency, almost unanimously rejected. The same men who loudly called for the emancipation of themselves, were just as loud in denying it, even partially, to others. A great reduction is taking place in the military department of Scotland. Many persons have already been dismissed; and it is now said, that Lord Robert Kerr, with the assistance of one clerk, with a salary of half a crown a day, will be able to manage the Adjutant-general's department. The appointment of Lord Amherst as Governor-general of India, in the room of the Marquis of Hastings, has at last taken place, and been confirmed by the Board of Directors. Parliament will not, it is rumoured, be called upon to meet till February, unless something important in the meantime should occur to render their convocation necessary. One of the first measures to be proposed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer will, if report speak true, be the reduction of the old four per cents. to three and a half. This idea has originated in the success of the experiment made last year upon the five per cents. The Chief Justice has been sitting at Nisi prius, during the latter half of October. Few trials of any interest took place, if we except some for blasphemous and political libels, instituted by the Bridge-street and the Suppression of Vice Societies. All the defendants were convicted. Little Waddington, the bill-sticker, of radical notoriety, was among the sufferers. He defended himself, and in such a manner, that the Chief Justice expressed considerable doubts as to his sanity. We do not know that we ought not to have mentioned, under our foreign head, the arrest of Mr. Bowring, an English merchant, at Calais, on some serious political charge. Some private letters with which this gentleman was entrusted, and a manuscript copy of verses, are reported to have compromised him. He has protested loudly against his detention, and also against the seizure of a sealed dispatch, of which he was the bearer from the Portuguese ambassador at Paris to the Portuguese ambassador in London. The French government, however, have taken but little notice of his complaints, as he was confined au secret; and the report, that he was to be tried on a charge of treason, was in extensive circulation. Mr. Bowring lately published in this country a work entitled, "Specimens of the Russian Poets." A measure equally decisive, though not equally severe, has been adopted towards Sir Robert Wilson. He was ordered to quit Paris within 24 hours, and the French territory as fast as he could travel. His Majesty has, we are happy to say, quite recovered his health and spirits during his sojournment at his cottage in Windsor-park. He has signified his intention of passing some time at the Pavilion. Oct. 24, 1822. LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE, &c. Illustrations of Italian Architecture.A work now publishing by Leske, of Darmstadt, contains an interesting selection of outline engravings of some of the various and numerous specimens of architecture abounding in Italy; its title is Kirchen, Paläste, und Klöster in Italien nach Monumenten gezeichnet von J. L. Ruhl, folio, 1, 2, 3 Heft. The subjects are not only very judiciously chosen, but such as have not often been delineated. The admirers of the Gotico-Tedesco style will here meet with several curious specimens of the ecclesiastical architecture of the middle ages: for instance, the Cathedral at Spoleto, San Feliciano at Fuligno, San Giacomo at Vicovaro. One or two very beautiful and picturesque Cortili are introduced, particularly that of San Apostolo at Rome, and one belonging to a palace in the Via Sacra in the same city. An interior of the Sacristy of San Martino a Monte at Rome proves from what apparently slight and inadequate materials an interesting architectural subject may be formed: the effect is most pleasing; and the ensemble presents an architectural composition that might be very usefully studied by many of our scene-painters and decorators. Sculpture.-Hermann and Pettrich, two young Danes, and pupils of Thorvaldsen, bid fair to become illustrious ornaments of the school of that great master. The former of these has lately executed a bas-relief in marble, the subject of which is Bacchus and Ariadne; its execution is particularly excellent. Pettrich has also executed a relief, representing our Saviour inviting Little Children to approach him. The young artist has treated the subject with a feeling that discovers real genius, and addresses itself immediately to the soul of the spectator. In manual execution it indicates much ability, and partakes considerably of the character of Thorvaldsen's style. Ferdinand Pettrich, the only son of Professor Pettrich, the sculptor, was born at Dresden, Dec. 17th, 1798. From his earliest years he discovered an innate predilection for the art practised by his father, who first initiated him into its mysteries. At the beginning of 1819 he was sent to Rome to complete his studies, where he was so fortu. nate as to become the pupil, and gain the taste and abilities of their architect, M. MONTHLY REGISTER, NOVEMBER 1, 1822. AGRICULTURAL REPORT. AMONG the paralyzing effects of distress, we must first notice the decrcased spirit of improvement which is manifested by the paucity of technical discussion at this season. The prevention of smut by preparations of the seed wheat, and the augmentation of the produce, as well as of employment, by the substitution of spade husbandry, have no longer the same charms for speculative Agriculturists. The fact is, they have no spirit to engage in experiments, though this seems to us an erroneous method of procedure, for difficulties require increased energy. Complaint resounds from one end of the kingdom to the other; and it can but be observed, that the local reports are written with far more bitterness than ever. No wonder! the innumerable sales which have taken place, the depression of stock as well as of the price of produce, make the far mer's condition really deplorable. Nor is he alone in ruin. We positively know that more than one, two, or three large farms have been let upon the express condition of paying NO RENT AT ALL, but merely under covenant to keep them in tilth, and to discharge the tithes and the rates. In many instances, the tithe is the most valuable property in the soil; yet such is the infinite variety of causes affecting the Agricultural question, that we really believe it is still very partially-indeed, we may say, not at all, understood. In the meanwhile, it does not appear that the landed interest will remain quiet spectators of their own destruction. At the Pitt dinner, at Norwich, Mr. Edmond Wodehouse, immediately after the health of Ministers had been given, and their abilities panegyrized by Mr. Marsham Elwin, one of his most intimate friends, and most active supporters,—Mr. E. Wodehouse, we say, rose and declared his absolute conviction that Ministers had not done all they might have done for the Agricultural interest; and moreover expressed his belief, that had Mr. Pitt been at the head of affairs, he would have found some means of preserving a more equitable adjustment between the monied and landed interests. "He would not," says Mr. Wodehouse, " have sought up the ruin of one interest for the benefit of another." Mr. Wodehouse further urged upon his hearers, that this was no time to sit still in their chairs, and say things will come to rights." But the mischief is VOL. VI.-Mon. Reg. are now done; the ruin is nearly universal among the tenantry. Estates too changing masters, nor does it appear that Ministers have a clearer view of the subject than the people they govern. Nothing but A REDUCED TAXATION, and the conversion of the idle pauper into an indus trious producer and consumer, can work the good so much to be desired. The operations out of doors have been materially advanced by the fine rains which began about the close of last month. The wheats are well got in, in most places, the turnips are improved, and every thing promises abundance. The wheat crop of last year is ascertained, both in bulk, weight, and quality, to be greatly beyond expectation Yet it does not come into the market as briskly as might have been anticipated under all circumstances. The average of the foreign and English supply by sea to the port of London was in the years 1817, 1818, about 12,000 quarters weekly. Since harvest, the average has not reached 9,000 of English alone; no opinion can therefore be formed concerning the relation of supply to demand; nor can it, we conceive, till next harvest. This, however, is after all the point upon which the whole question turns; and, we believe, taking the average of seasons, the one is very near to the other. The after-grass crop is stated to be very excellent in many counties, particularly in Cornwall, and towards the West of England. Potatoes are also likely to be plentiful. Cider is superabundant, and seiling from 20s. to 25s. per hogshead, Wool remains much the same. At the various fairs, which are more numerous at this season than at any other period of the year, stock of all sorts has been shown in large quantities, and has met a very dull sale. Butter and cheese at Winchester, Shrewsbury, Nottingham, Cambridge, Bury, and other such marts, fetched (the prime dairies) from 45s. to 55s. One of the country papers states, that 200 Devons were driven from South Molton in that county to every fair in the neighbourhood,-to Smithfield,-forty miles beyond London,— to Smithfield a second time, and at last the greater part returned to the proprietor unsold. At Winchester fair, many hundreds of excellent lambs were sold between 5s. and 14s. a head. The general prices may be quoted. Down ewes, from 9s. to 20s.; dowr e lambs, from 5s. to 15s.; wethers, from 20s. to 28s. Hops are excellent, and a fine growth in every sense; Farnham's were grounded at from 71. to 71. 10s.; country hops, from 31. 10s. to 5l. 12s. Good horses still maintain good prices; at this fair, a cart colt, two years old, was sold for the price of 100 lambs, of a better than middling quality. In Smithfield, all sorts of meat are a little advanced. October 22, 1822. COMMERCIAL REPORT. (London, October 22.) NOTHING remarkable as affecting the foreign trade of the country has occurred during the last month. Some facilities how ever have been given to British ships trading to the Netherlands, by the remission of certain tonnage and other duties heretofore paid, and placing British ships on the same footing, in this respect, as those of the kingdom of the Netherlands. Russia too has allowed foreign vessels to carry on the coasting trade in Finland on the same terms as Russian vessels. It is confidently stated, that the Portuguese government has resolved to desist from its claim of 30 per cent. on English woollen manufactures, and to be contented with 15 per cent. We have not, however, seen any official statement of this determination in the Portuguese papers, which we have had the opportunity of examining. Cotton.--Though the report of the Liverpool market was very favourable at the end of last month, it produced no animation in the market here, because of the expected sale at the India House on the 27th. At this sale, about 11,000 bales were sold, and 5,500 bought in, and withdrawn. Of those sold, about 4,500 were taken on speculation; the rest for home consumption and exportation. The Surat and Madras were to d. and, in some instances, d. lower; the Bengals, especially the good qualities, supported the previous prices. In the first week of October, the purchases by private contract and at public sales were very considerable, about 3,000 packages, viz.-in bond, 182 New Orleans very ordinary 6d. a 74d., fair 74d., good 8d. a 84d.; 650 Boweds, ordinary 6d. a 63d., middling fair, fair 7d. a 74d., good fair 7d. to 7d. for good; 66 Tenessee very inferior 5d. a 53d.; 950 Surats fair 5d., good fair 5d., good 5 d. and 6d.; 500 Bengals, fair 5d. and 54d, good 57d.; 200 Pernams 94d. fair to 133d. good fair; 50 Paras 81d. a 84d. good; 86 St. Domingo very ordinary 5d. and 5 d., good fair 7d. a 74d.; and duty paid, 15 Demeraras fair 7d., good fair 8žď. a 8§d.; 25 Barbadoes good 7d.; 21 Bahamas common 7d. to fine silky 83d.; 7 Montserrat ordinary 62d.; 40 Carriacou good 74d.; La Guira and Cumana fair 6d. to good Gld. 249 In the following week, the demand was general and extensive, and the market was farther improved by the very favourable accounts from Liverpool; several parcels from the late India sale were disposed of at an advance of d. to d. per lb.; above 3,000 packages were sold in this week. In the week ending to-day, the East India cotton of the last sale has been much inquired after for home consumption, and d. advance on Surat and Madras has been refused: the purchases this week are 2120 bags, all sold in bond, viz.-250 Pernams 10 d. good fair; 600 Surats, fair 54d. and 5d., good fair 6d., good 64d.; 1400 Bengals, very ordinary 43d. and 43d., fair 5d. and 54d., good 5d. and 54d.; 150 Madras 5d. a 5d. ordinary to good; and 20 Bourbons 9 d. fair. At Liverpool, the market has been uniformly favourable, the sales during the five weeks ending October 19, having amounted to 64,550 bags, and the arrivals to 34,235. The most business was done in the week ending October 12, when the sales amounted to 21,700, of which 12,000 were taken on speculation, at a general improvement of d. per lb.; the arrivals in the same week were 22,560 bags. Sugar. The market presented a very favourable appearance for the last ten days of the preceding month, and the first fortnight of this, the prices were very firm, and a small but gradual advance took place: we subjoin the report for the week ending the 8th instant. "The demand for Muscovades has been steady and considerable, a gradual advance of 1s. per cwt. in the prices took place, and the market was very firm at the improvement; the purchases lately on speculation are reported to be rather on an extensive scale. "This forenoon the show of good Sugars is very limited; the consequence has been that sales are more confined than for some time past; the advance of last week is, however, firmly maintained, and the holders still confident of a further improvement on account of the small stock in London, compared with preceding years. "The inquiries after refined goods, from Ireland, from Liverpool, and from Glasgow, have lately been very general, owing, |