Ryegate, Surrey, near the r. Mole; the neighbourhood abounds with fuller's earth. (1.) Saffron Walden, Essex; it derives its name from the great quantities of saffron formerly grown here. Salford, Lanc., r. Irwell; adjoining Manchester. (1.) Salisbury, Wilts, r. Avon; manufacture of flannels: the cathedral is a fine building, with a spire 410 feet high, the loftiest in Britain. Old Sarum, in its vicinity, was an important and strong city in the Saxon and Norman periods of our history, but is now an utter ruin. In Salisbury plain are the remarkable remains, called Stonehenge, (i. e. hanging stones). Pop. 10,086. (2.) Sandwich, Kent, r. Stour; one of the Cinque ports, but the harbour is now nearly choked up the vicinity is noted for the production of garden seeds. (2.) Scarborough, York, a sea-port on the German ocean, of considerable trade; much resorted to by the inhabitants of the large manufacturing towns of Yorkshire for sea-bathing. Pop. 10,060. (2.) Seven Oaks, Kent, r. Darent; here are an alms-house and grammar-school, founded by Sir W. Rumsted, who had been a deserted child, and having been found in Seven Oaks, afterwards became Lord Mayor of London. Selby, York, r. Ouse; considerable trade. Shaftesbury, Dorset; manufacture of shirt-buttons. (1.) Shields, North, Northumb., r. Tyne; coal trade. Pop. (including Tynemouth) 27,249. Shields, South, Durham, r. Tyne; the Venerable Bede resided at Jarrow, in its vicinity; life-boat invented here. Pop. of S. Shields and Westoe, 26,672. (1.) Shoreham, Sussex, a sea-port on the English Channel. (2.) Shrewsbury, Salop, r. Severn; flannels, linen manufactories, and extensive iron works; battle between Henry IV. and Hotspur, 1402; fine ruins of an old castle and a venerable abbey. Pop. 21,517. (2.) Skipton, York, r. Aire. Southampton, Hants, r. Itchen; considerable foreign and coasting trade; station of the West Indian and Mediterranean mail steam-packets; Dr. Watts was born here in 1674. Pop. 27,744. (2.) Southwark, Surrey, r. Thames; a large and eminent suburb of London. Pop. 98,648. (2.) Spalding, Lincoln, r. Welland; some trade in corn, coals, &c. Stafford, r. Sow; trade in shoes. Pop. 10,370. (2.) Stamford, Lincoln, r. Welland; Burghley House, in its vicinity, the seat of the Marquis of Exeter, is one of the finest Elizabethan residences in the country. (2.) Stockport, Cheshire, r. Mersey; cotton manufactories. Pop. 84,282. (2.) Stoke, Stafford, r. Trent; the centre of the district termed the Potteries. Pop. 46,342. (2.) Stockton, Durham, r. Tees; harbour much improved, and trade increased by rail-roads into the adjoining districts: large export of coal. Pop. 10,071. Stone, Stafford, r. Trent; earthenware. Stourbridge, Worcester, r. Stour; iron manufactories, glass and earthenware. Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwick, r. Avon; birth-place of Shakspeare in 1564. Stroud, Gloucester, r. Frome and Slade; this town is considered the centre of the cloth manufactory: the water is peculiarly adapted to the dyeing of scarlet and some other colours. (2.) Sudbury, Suffolk, r. Stour. Lately disfranchised. Sunderland, Durham, r. Wear; coal trade; ship-build ing, glass, and earthenware: an iron bridge of 236 D feet span, and 100 feet above the level of the river. Pop., including the Wearmouths, 51,125. (2.) Swansea, Glamorgan, on the Bristol Channel; potteries, iron foundries, and furnaces for smelting copper ore: a thriving sea-port. Pop. 16,787. (1.) Tadcaster, York, r. Wharf; the neighbourhood abounds in limestone. Tamworth, Stafford, r. Tame; narrow cloths. (2.) Taunton, Somerset, r. Tone; manufactory of silks. Pop. 12,066. (2.) Teignmouth, Devon, r. Teign; exports pipe-clay. Tetbury, Gloucester; manufactory of woollen cloth. Tewksbury, Gloster, r. Severn; here was fought the last battle between the houses of York and Lancaster. (2.) Thetford, Norfolk, r. Ouse; paper manufactories. (2.) Thirsk, York, r. Codbeck; coarse linens. (1.) Tideswell, Derby; its name is derived from its ebbing and flowing well, one of the wonders of Derbyshire. Tiverton, Devon, r. Exe; serges, kerseys, diapers, &c. Pop. 10,040. (2.) Topsham, Devon, r. Exe; port of Exeter. Totness, Devon, r. Dart; fishing town. (2.) Towcester, Northampton, r. South Ouse; lace and silk. Trowbridge, Wilts, r. Were; broad cloth. Pop. 11,050. Truro, Cornwall; one of the stannary towns: it exports copper and tin. (2.) Tunbridge, Kent, r. Medway; noted for its wells. Pop. 12,530. Tynemouth, Northumb., r. Tyne; a fashionable bathing place most of the population of this borough is in North Shields. (1.) Ulverstone, Lanc., r. Leven; it exports iron ore, limestone, and corn. Uttoxeter, Stafford, r. Dove; ironmongery. Uxbridge, Middlesex, r. Colne; chief trade is in supplying London with flour. Wakefield, York, r. Calder; woollen cloths and stuffs: battle 1460. Pop. 29,992. (1.) Wallingford, Berks, r. Thames. (1.) Walsall, Stafford; sadlery, hardware. Pop. 20,852. (1.) Wantage, Berks, r. Ock; birthplace of Alfred. Ware, Herts, r. Lea; it chiefly supplies London with malt. Wareham, Dorset, r. Frome; exports pipe-clay. (2.) Warminster, Wilts, r. Wily; manufactures of fine cloth. Warrington, Lanc., r. Mersey; manufactures of coarse cloth, fustians, and pins. Pop. 21,901. (1.) Warwick, r. Avon; its castle is one of the finest ancient feudal mansions in the kingdom. (2.) Watford, Herts, r. Colne; silk manufactory. Wednesbury, Staff.; iron manufactures. Pop. 11,625. Westbury, Wilts; broad cloth. (1.) Westminster, Middlesex, r. Thames; forming a part of London, though with a distinct jurisdiction. Pop. 222,053. (2.) Weymouth, Dorset, r. Wey; a fashionable resort for bathing. (2.) Whitby, York, r. Esk; a considerable coasting trade: Capt. Cook born here, 1728. Pop. 11,682. (1.) Whitchurch, Salop; malt and hop trade. Whitehaven, Cumb.; a sea-port on the Irish Sea: coal and West India trade. Pop. 11,854. (1.) Wigan, Lanc.; celebrated for its brass and cotton manufactures. Pop. 51,988. (2.) Wigton, Cumb.; cotton manufactures. Wilton, Wilts, r. Wily and Nadder; carpets. (1.) Wimborne Minster, Dorset, r. Stour. Winchester, Hants, r. Itchen; a place of great importance in Roman and Saxon times; Alfred and William Rufus buried here: a spacious cathedral and celebrated public school. Pop. 10,732. (2.) Windsor, Berks, r. Thames; magnificent royal palace, a favourite residence of the kings of England. (2.) Wirksworth, Derby; lead mines. Wisbeach, Cambridge, r. Nen; considerable trade in the export of corn. Witney, Oxford, r. Windrush; manufacture of blankets. Wolverhampton, Stafford; celebrated for locks, keys, and similar articles. Pop. 70,370. (2.) Woodstock, Oxford; manufacture of gloves; near it are Blenheim house and park. (1.) Woodbridge, Suffolk, r. Deben; it trades to London, Hull, Newcastle, &c. Woolwich, Kent, r. Thames; military and naval arsenal, and royal military academy. Pop. 25,785. Worcester, r. Severn; the largest hop market in the kingdom; Cromwell defeated the royalists here, 1650; in its ancient cathedral is the tomb of King John: manufactures of gloves and china. Pop. 26,306. (2.) Workington, Cumb., r. Derwent; salt works; salmon fishery; trade in coal and iron. Worksop, Nottingham. Wrexham, Denbigh; manufacture of flannels; the largest town in North Wales. Pop. of the parish, 12,921. Wycombe-Chipping, or High Wycombe, Bucks. (2.) Yarmouth, Norfolk, r. Yare; a considerable sea-port, possessing both coasting and foreign trade; the fishing on the coast is considerable, that for mackarel in May and June, and that for herring in October and Novem ber. Pop. 24,086. (2.) Yeovil, Somerset, r. Yeo or Ivil; gloves. York, r. Ouse; the see of an archbishop; its minster is the largest in England: the only town, excepting Lon |