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"that man is very close." "We will at least try," said another, and they approached.

4. The gentleman received the strangers in a friendly manner, and as he was taking them into the house, they made known to him the object of their visit. How great was their astonishment to find, that he willingly gave them a large present in money, and, besides that, promised to give them the same amount every year, at about the same period!

5. The citizens were so grateful for this gift, that they felt it their duty to confess to the benevolent man, that his generosity was altogether unexpected, as the scolding, which he gave one of his men on account of a mere trifle, had induced them to suppose that he must be very close.

6. "My dear friends," was his answer, "the reason why I am so fortunate as to be able to be benevolent, is, because I have at all times been careful of what I have."

7. Do not be ashamed of economy, and do not imagine that it is avarice of real avarice you should always be ashamed. Again, never refuse to be benevolent, because you falsely consider that benevolence is extravagance. But be benevolent in the right place, and therefore, in dispensing your favors, always do it with care and observation.

SECTION III.-ACCENT.

1. ACCENT is the peculiar force given to one or more syllables of a word.

2. A mark like this' is often used to show which syllable is accented; as, read' ing, eat' ing, re ward', com pel', mis' chievous, vi o lin', fire'-eat' er.

3. In many trisyllables and polysyllables, of two syllables ac cented, one is uttered with greater force than the other. The more forcible accent is called primary, and the less forcible, secondary.

4. A mark like this is sometimes used to indicate secondary accent as, ed' u ca' tion, ed' u cate`, mul` ti pli ca' tion.

ACCENT CHANGED BY CONTRAST.

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In words of more than one syllable, let the pupils tell on what syllables primary and secondary accents fall, in the following

EXAMPLES.

1. When the weary seaman, on the dreary deep, sees a beacon gleaming on the seashore, he is eager for the seaside.

2. If the marine force besiege the fort, we will march to its relief, when your friends can make a sortie and retrieve their loss. 3. The brigadier, cavalier, chevalier, grenadier, and volunteer were armed cap-a-pie.

4. On that momentous occasion, the majestic polemic made a pathetic speech for the prevention of oppression.

5. If you make an amicable arrangement with your adversary, he will be an admirable ac'cessary to the felony.

6. The aristocratic ecclesiastic addressed the people of that municipality in enthusiastic strains.

7. Impenetrability and indestructibility are two essential properties of matter.

8. The incommunicability and incomprehensibility of the ways of Providence are no obstacles to the eye of faith.

WORDS DISTINGUISHED BY ACCENT.

Many words, or parts of speech, having the same form, are distinguished by accent alone. Nouns and adjectives are often thus distinguished from verbs.

EXAMPLES.

1. Why does your ab'sent friend absent' himself?

2. Did he abstract' an ab'stract of your speech from the desk? 3. Note the mark of ac'cent, and accent' the right syllable.

4. Buy some cem'ent, and cement' the glass.

5. Desert' us not in the des'ert.

6. If that project fail, he will project' another.

7. My in'crease is taken to increase' your wealth. 8. Perfume' the room with rich perfume.

ACCENT CHANGED BY CONTRAST.

The ordinary accent of words is sometimes changed by a contrast in sense, or to express opposition of thought.

EXAMPLES.

1. He must in'crease, but I must de'crease.

2. He did not say a new ad'dition, but a new e'dition.

3. Consider well what you have done, and what you have .eft un'done.

4. I said that she will suspect the truth of the story, not that she will ex'pect it.

5. He that de'scended is also the same that as'cended.

6. This corruptible must put on in'corruption; and this mortal must put on im'mortality.

SECTION IV.-EMPHASIS.

1. EMPHASIS is the peculiar force given to one or more words of a sentence.

2. To give a word emphasis, means to pronounce it in a loud or forcible manner. Intense emphasis may often be expressed, even by a whisper.

3. Emphatic words are often printed in italics; those more emphatic, in small CAPITALS; and those that receive the greatest force, in large CAPITALS.

If

4. By the proper use of emphasis, we are enabled to impart animation and interest to conversation and reading. Its importance can not be over-estimated, as the meaning of a sentence often depends upon the proper placing of the emphasis. readers have a desire to produce an impression on hearers, and read what they understand and FEEL, they will generally place emphasis on the right words. Pupils, however, should be required to observe carefully the following

RULES FOR THE USE OF EMPHASIS.

1. Words and phrases peculiarly significant, or important in meaning, are emphatic; as, Whence and what art thou, execrable shape! My first reason for the adoption of this measure is, the people demand it; my second reason is, THE PEOPLE DEMAND it. 2. Words and phrases that contrast, or point out a difference,

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are emphatic; as, I did not say a better soldier, but an elder Take courage! let your motto be, "Ever onward," not "Never

constant."

3. The repetition of an emphatic word usually requires an increased force of utterance; as, You injured my child, you, sir. 4. A succession of important words usually requires a gradual increase of emphatic force, though emphasis sometimes falls on the last word of a series only; as, His disappointment, his ANGUISH, his DEATH, were caused by your carelessness. These misfortunes are the same to the poor, the ignorant, and the weak, as to the rich, the wise, and the powerful.

Require pupils to tell which of the preceding rules is illustrated by each of the following

EXAMPLES.

1. Speak little and well, if you wish to be considered as pos sessing mĕrit.

2. Boisterous in speech, in action prompt and bold.

3. He buys, he sells,—he STEALS, he KILLS for gold. 4. But here I stand for right, for ROMAN right.

5. I shall know but one country. I was born an American; I live an American; I shall die an American.

6. I shall sing the praises of October, as the loveliest of months. 7. A good man loves HIMSELF too well to lose an estate by gaming, and his NEIGHBOR too well to win one.

8. The GOOD man is honored, but the EVIL man is despised. 9. The young are slaves to novelty: the old, to custom: the middle-aged, to both: the dead, to neither.

10. The wicked flee when no man pursueth; but the righteous are bold as a lion.

11. They come! to arms! TO ARMS! TO ARMS!

12. None but the brave, none but the BRAVE, none but the BRAVE deserve the fair.

13. A day, an HOUR, of virtuous liberty, is worth a whōle ETERNITY in bondage.

14. It is my living sentiment, and, by the blessing of God, it shall be my dying sentiment; independence Now, and independ

ence FOREVER.

15. The thunders of heaven are sometimes heard to roll in the

voice of a united people.

16. Let us fight for our country, OUR WHOLE COUNTRY, and NOTHING BUT OUR COUNTRY.

17. Son of night, RETIRE; call thy winds and fly. thou come to my presence with thy shadowy arms? thy gloomy form, dismal spirit of Loda? WEAK is of clouds; FEEBLE is that meteor, thy sword.

Wir dost Do I FEAR

thy shield

18. Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounce it to you: trippingly on the tongue; but if you mouth it, as many of our players do, I had as lief the town-crier spake my lines. Nor do not saw the air too much with your hand thus, but use all gently; for in the very torrent, tempest, and (as I may say) WHIRLWIND of your passion, you must acquire and begět a temperance that will give it smoothness.

19. O, now you weep; and I perceive you feel the dint of PITY: these are gracious drops. Kind souls! What, weep you when but behold our Cæsar's VESTURE wounded? Look ye

you here! Here is HIMSELF, MARRED, as you see, by TRAITORS.

20. As Cæsar loved me, I weep for him: as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it as he was valiant, I honor him; but as he was AMBITIOUS, I slew him. There is tears for his love, joy for his fortune, honor for his valor, and DEATH for his ambition.

SECTION V.-INFLECTIONS.

1. INFLECTIONS are the bends or slides of the voice, used in reading and speaking.

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There are three inflections or slides of the voice: the RISING INFLECTION, the FALLING INFLECTION, and the CIRcumflex. mark inclining to the right' is sometimes used to indicate the Rising Inflection; a mark inclining to the left, the Falling In flection. When the Circumflex commences with a rising and ends with a falling slide of the voice, it is indicated thus, ^; but when it commences with a falling and ends with a rising slide, it is indicated thus, ", which the pupil will perceive is the same mark inverted.

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