Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: Third Edition

achieve allies analysis Arab League Article XXI asset freezes average bilateral trade Casea change and democratization China coefficients Cold War companion policies contribution country if sanction country’s Cuba database democracy Destabilize Disruption of military domestic Dummy variable equal economic sanctions effect embargo estimated European Union explanatory variables export controls financial sanctions foreign policy goals France gravity model Hufbauer impose sanctions imposition of sanctions Improve human rights India indicator variables international cooperation involving Iran Iraq Japan League of Nations Libya listed in table major policy changes measures military adventures Military impairment Modest policy changes North Korea nuclear weapons Pakistan partners percent political stability political variables President regime change restrictions result sanc sanctions episode sanctions imposed sanctions policy score sender and target sender country Soviet Union Success Failure target country target-country trade terrorism terrorist threat tions trade linkage United Kingdom United Nations USSR World Yugoslavia