1566 St. Pius V. (Michele Ghislieri), Tortona. 1572 1585 Sixtus V. (Felice Peretti), of Montalto, born at Grottamare. 1590 Urban VII. (Gio-Battista Castagna), Rome. Gregory XIII. (Ugo Buoncompagni), Bologna. 1590 Gregory VXI. (Nicolo Sfrondati), Cremona. 1591 Innocent IX. (Giov. Antonio Facchinetti), Bologna. 1592 Clement VIII. (Ippolito Aldobrandini), of a Florentine family, but born at Fano. 1424 Clement VIII. (a Spaniard), An-1605 Leo XI. (Alessandro Ottaviano 1655 Alexander VII. (Fabio Chigi), Siena. 1667 Clement IX. (Giulio Rospigliosi), Pistoja. 1670 Clement X. (Gio-Battista Altieri), Rome. 1676 Innocent XI. (Benedetto Odescalchi), Como. 1689 Alexander VIII. (Pietro Ottoboni), Venice. 1691 Innocent XII. (Antonio Pignatelli), Naples. 1700 Clement XI. (Gio. Francesco Albani), Urbino. 1721 Innocent XIII. (Michelangelo Conti), Rome. 1724 Benedict XIII. (Pietro Francesco Orsini), Rome. 1730 Clement XII. (Lorenzo Corsini), Florence. 1740 Benedict XIV. (Prospero Lambertini), Bologna. 1758 Clement XIII. (Carlo Rezzonico), Venice. A.D. 1215 Azzo VII. d'Este. 1264 Obizzo II. 1293 Azzo VIII. 1308 Folco d'Este. 1317 Obizzo III. and Rinaldo d'Este. 1352 Aldrovandino III. 1361 Niccolò II. 1388 Alberto. 1393 Niccolò III. 1441 Lionello. 1450 Borso, first Duke of Ferrara and Modena in 1452. 1471 Ercole I. 1505 Alfonso I. 1534 Ercole II. 1559 Alfonso II. 1597 Cesare I. declared illegitimate by Clement VIII, and forced to relinquish in 1598 Ferrara to the Church; retires to Modena. From him are descended the Dukes of Modena, until the extinction of the male branch of the House of Este, in the person of Duke Ercole Rinaldo in 1803. 1769 Clement XIV. (Antonio Ganganelli), St. Angelo in Vado. 1775 Pius VI. (Giov. Angelo Braschi), 1474 Cesena. 1800 Pius VII. (Gregorio Barnaba Chiaramonti), Česena. 1823 Leo XII. (Annibale della Genga), 1829 Pius VIII. (Francesco Xaviere 1846 PIUS IX. (Giovanni Maria Mas- LORDS, THEN MARQUISES, AFTERWARDS 1067 Frederic I. 1118 Guy Salinguerra. 1150 Taurello. 1196 Salinguerra II. 1196 Azzo VI., Marquis d'Este: to the ascendency of whose house the Torrelli afterwards gave way. 1212 Aldrovandino. Cent. It. DUKES OF URBINO. Federigo di Montefeltro, Count of Urbino from 1444, created Duke by Sixtus IV. in 1474. 1482 Guid' Ubaldo I, di Montefeltro. 1508 Francesco Maria della Rovere. 1538 Guid' Ubaldo II. della Rovere. 1574 Francesco Maria II. della Rovere, abdicated in 1626. GRAND-DUKES OF TUSCANY. 1. House of Medici. 1537 Cosmo I. (1569). 1574 Francesco `I. 1587 Ferdinando I. 1609 Cosmo II. 1621 Ferdinando II. 1670 Cosmo III. 1723 Giov. Gastone. 2. House of Lorraine. 1737 Francis (emperor of Germany in 1745). 1765 Leopold II. (id., 1790). с HANDBOOK FOR TRAVELLERS IN CENTRAL ITALY. THE PAPAL STATES. PRELIMINARY INFORMATION. 1. PASSPORTS.—§ 2. LASCIA-PASSARE.—§ 3. FRONTIER AND CUSTOM-HOUSES. -§ 4. MONEY.—§ 5. Roads.—§ 6. RAILROADS.—§ 7. POSTING.—§ 8. VETTURINI. § 9. INNS. ROUTES. To facilitate reference, the names are printed in italics in those Routes under which they ROUTE 1. Mantua to Ferrara 2. Modena to Ferrara 3. Padua to Ferrara are fully described. 95 95 10 12B. Bologna to Ravenna, by Me- 23 13. Ravenna to Rimini 23 14. 25 Bologna to Ancona, by Forli, 65 15. Ancona to Foligno, by Loreto, 96 116 68 16. Fano to Foligno, by the Strada del Furlo, Cagli, and No 71 72 18. Urbino to Città di Castello, • 126 • 130 73 134 73 19. 11. Venice to Ravenna, by the Canals and Comacchio Cent. It. San Giustino to Borgo San BEFORE the traveller enters the Papal States, it is indispensably necessary that his passport bear the visa either of the Nuncio residing in the last capital he has visited, or of a Papal Consul at the nearest seaport. It will be useful, in the event of his passing through France at the outset of his tour, to obtain the visa of the Nuncio at Paris; although this will not dispense with the visa of the Papal agent at the nearest town to the frontier. But if circumstances deprive him of the opportunity of applying to a Minister, the signature of the Consul in some important town will be sufficient. The Austrian visa is also desirable, not merely for the Papal States, but for all parts of Italy. On arriving at the frontier, the passport is examined and countersigned as usual; and in seaports, as Ancona and Civita Vecchia, where a British Consular Agent resides, his signature is likewise necessary. On entering the principal towns of the Papal States, with few exceptions, the passport is demanded at the gates, in order to be signed; but to save delay, the traveller is allowed to name the inn at which he proposes to stop, so that the passport may be sent after him. A fee of one or two pauls is required for each visa; and in garrison towns this process is repeated on leaving them. Before the traveller quits Rome on his return to England, it is desirable that his passport be signed by the Ministers of all the Sovereigns through whose dominions it is intended to pass: those of Austria, Tuscany, and France should on no account be omitted. § 2. LASCIA-PASSARE. Persons travelling in their own carriage should write a week beforehand to their correspondent or banker at Rome, or to the British Consul, requesting that a lascia-passare may be forwarded to the frontier, and another left at the gates of Rome, in order to avoid the formalities of the custom-house. The ascia-passare is never granted to persons travelling in public carriages. |