Matt. xxvi. 26. Luke xxii. 19. Proposition V. To reserve, carry about, lift up, or worship the Sacrament of the Lord's The proof from God's word. The true and lawful use of this sacrament hath been afore Mark xiv. 22. set down; and therefore it may suffice us to be remembered, how the Lord's supper was ordained that the bread should only be broken, and eaten, the cup should only be given, and Mark xiv. 23, drunken; and all this done in remembrance of Christ. 1 Cor. x. 16, & xi. 2. Matt xxvi. Luke xxii. 17. 1 Cor. xi. 25. Lukexxii. 19. And so also testify the churches reformed2. 1 Cor. xi. 24, 25. Conf. Helv. II. cap. 21. Basil. Art. VI. Bohem. cap. 13. August. de Missa, Art. 1. Saxon. Art. XIV. Wittemb. cap. 19. Concil. Trid. 6. Ibid. Can. 6. Adversaries unto this truth. But, contrary to the institution of Christ, the Papists abuse the holy sacrament. For They reserve the same; and not only so, but take it to be a catholic, a pious, and a necessary custom, so to reserve it3. And besides, they think every piece and particle of the sacrament so reserved is the very body of Christ1. [1 Not only, 1607.] [2 Corpus Christi in cœlis est, ad dexteram Patris. Sursum ergo elevanda sunt corda, et non defigenda in panem, nec adorandus Dominus in pane.-Harm. Conf. Sect. xiv. p. 111. Conf. Helv. Post. cap. xxI. Non includimus autem naturale, verum et substantiale corpus Christi...in Domini panem et potum. Itaque nec adoramus Christum in signis panis et vini...sed in cœlis, &c.-Ibid. p. 117. Conf. Basil. Art. vi. Ita igitur...corpus et sanguis Domini nostri Jesu Christi distribui tantum, et a fidelibus...percipi debet, non autem sacrificari, aut proponi aut venerationis causa attolli, monstrarique et asservari aut circumferri debet.-Ibid. p. 119. Conf. Bohem. cap. XIII. Hic honos sacrificii Christi non debet transferri in opus Sacerdotis..... Institutione cœnæ Domini, non mandat Christus ut offerant sacerdotes pro aliis vivis ac mortuis. Qua igitur auctoritate hic cultus tanquam oblatio pro peccatis sine mandato Dei in ecclesia institutus est?-Ibid. p. 129. Conf. August. Pars II. De Abus. Art. 1. Quum autem hæc omnia manifeste sint impia, facere oblationem, ut loquuntur, ut mereatur vivis et mortuis...horribiliter peccant qui hæc scelera retinent et defendunt.... Est et manifesta profanatio, partem Cœnæ Domini circumgestare et adorare, &c.-Ibid. p. 141. Conf. Saxon. Art. XIV. ...Alius error est quod Eucharistia sit tale sacrificium, quod debeat jugiter in Ecclesia, ad expianda peccata vivorum et mortuorum, &c....offerri...Alius error est, quod una pars Eucharistiæ soleat in singularem cultum Dei circumgestari, et reponi.-Ibid. pp. 146, 8, Conf. Virtemb. cap. xIx.] [3 Consuetudo asservandi in sacrario sanctam Eucharistiam adeo antiqua est, ut eam seculum etiam Nicæni concilii agnoverit. Porro deferri ipsam sacram Eucharistiam ad infirmos, et in hunc usum diligenter in ecclesiis conservari, præterquam quod cum summa æquitate et ratione conjunctum est, tum multis in conciliis præceptum invenitur, et vetustissimo Catholicæ Ecclesiæ more est observatum.— Concil. Harduin. Tom. x. col. 81. Conc. Trid. Sess. XIII. cap. 6.] [* See above, p. 287, note 5.] 4 Sermons, They carry it about, both unto sick folks; hence saith Festival, the Festival, "As often as any man seeth that body at mass, fol. 170. B. or borne about to the sick, he shall kneel down devoutly, and say his Pater noster, or some other good prayer in worship of his sovereign Lord 5." And also through cities and towns. For whensoever the pope goeth any journey, the sacramental bread is carried before him on an ambling jennet; as the Persian kings have before them carried their Orsmada, or holy fire®. Peace, &c. be- Act of the those anno 1604, will end touchinto ration, &c. Art. II. in the In Spain, even at this day, in the time of the peace tween the two mighty kings of Great Britain and Spain, Englishmen, as meeting the sacrament in the streets neither do reverence thereunto, nor go aside, nor turn some house, do fall into the danger of the not holy, but bloody inquisition". ing a mode Sess. 13. cap. They worship it, and for the same have ordained a certain Concil. Trid. set and solemn feast, called Corpus Christi day, on which the 5. sacrament is borne about, lifted up, and most idolatrously adoredR. a See Cerem. Pontif. Lib. I. When the pope goeth from one people to another, he sendeth before him, yea, and sometime a day or two days' journey, his sacrament upon an horse, carrying at his neck a little bell, accompanied with the scum and baggage of the Roman court. Thither go the dishes and spits, old shoes, cauldrons and kettles, and all the scullery of the court, whores, and jesters. Thus the sacrament arriveth, with this honourable train, to the place whither the pope is to come: it there awaiteth his coming, and when the master is known to approach near the people, it goeth forth to receive him. So Cypr. Valera, a Spaniard, in his treatise Of the Pope and his Authority, p. 17. [5 The Festyvall. Ed. Faques. Quat. Serm. Fol. 170, b.] [ Et post eos ducitur per familiarem sacristæ...equus albus, mansuetus, ornatus...portans sacramentum, habens ad collum tintinnabulum bene sonantem.-Sacr. Ceremon. Rom. 1560. Lib. I. Tit. ii. fol. 16. b. See also Cyp. Valera, Two Treatises, Of the Lives of the Popes, &c. Transl. into Eng. Lond. 1600, where scullery of the court of Rome, and at the place. Of the Orismada he says: The popes in this carrying of the Sacrament before them do imitate the kings of Persia, before whom went a horse carrying a little altar upon him: whereupon among a few ashes shone a small flame of holy fire: which they call Orismada.-Ibid.] [7 The editor has been unable to verify the reference.] [8 Declarat præterea sancta Synodus pie et religiose admodum in Dei Ecclesia inductum fuisse hunc morem, ut singulis annis peculiari quodam et festo die præcelsum hoc et venerabile Sacramentum singulari veneratione ac solemnitate celebrare 1 Cor. xi. 28. Ibid. 29. ARTICLE XXIX. Of the Wicked which do not eat the body and blood of Christ in the use of the Lord's Supper. The wicked, and such as be void of a lively faith, although they do carnally and visibly press with their teeth (as St Augustine saith) the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ, yet in no wise are they partakers of Christ, but rather, to their condemnation, do eat and drink the sign or sacrament of so great a thing. The proposition. The wicked, and such as be void of a lively faith, do not eat the body, nor drink the blood of Jesus Christ, in the use of the Lord's supper. The proof from God's word. St Paul doth shew how the supper of the Lord is received 1 Cor. x. 21. of some worthily, which do examine and judge themselves, and discern the Lord's body, as also do abstain from the table of devils. How these do participate of the body and blood of Christ, it hath already been shewn in the last-mentioned Article, Proposit. IV. 1 Cor. xi. 27, 29. Ibid. 29. Again, of others the same is unworthily received; that is Ibid. 28, 31. to say, which themselves do not examine, nor judge, neither discern the Lord's body, and do communicate at the table of 1 Cor. x. 21. the Lord and at the table of devils. These may receive the sacrament, but not the true body of Christ. The reasons be, for that Matt. xxii. 11, 12. Eph. iv. 15, &c. John vi. 35. 1 Cor. xi. 27. They lack the wedding-garment, which is faith, and the righteousness of Christ. They are no members of the true church, the head whereof is Jesus Christ. They have no promise of heavenly refreshing, because they are without a lively faith. Therefore they procure unto themselves most heavy punishments; as diseases, death, guiltiness of the body and blood of Christ, and therewith damnation. tur: utque in processionibus reverenter et honorifice illud per vias et loca publica circumferretur.-Conc. Trid. Sess. XIII. cap. 5.] Of this judgement be other churches, Christian and re- Conf. Helv. formed besides1. in the declaration of the Lord's supper. Helv. II. cap. 21. Basil. Art. vi. Bohem. cap. 13. Gal. Art. XXXVII. Belg. Art. xxxv. Errors and adversaries unto this truth. The adversaries of this doctrine are Anti-Pap. 4, Annot. 1 Cor. The Ubiquitaries, both Lutheran and popish; they saying Sturmius, the very body of Christ, at the Lord's supper, is eaten as well par. 1, p. 58. of the wicked as of the godly 2; these affirming, that all com- Test. Rhem. municants, bad and good, do eat the very and natural body xi. 27. of Christ Jesus3; they saying that the true and real body of so reporteth Christ, in, with, under the bread and wine, may be eaten, his Anti-Pap. chewed, and digested, even of Turks, which never were of the 106. church1; and these maintaining, that under the form of bread Alex. Hales, the same true and real body of Christ may be devoured of & D.Thom. dogs, hogs, cats, and rats. ['Qui autem indigne, id est, sine fide (per quam solam Domini et salutis efficimur participes) de pane hoc ederit et de poculo biberit, [fatemur] sibi judicium manducare et bibere.-Harm. Conf. Sect. xiv. p. 115. Conf. Helv. Prior. Declarat. de Sacr. Dom. Coen. Ceterum qui nulla cum fide ad hanc sacram Domini mensam accedit, sacramento duntaxat communicat, et rem sacramenti, unde est vita et salus, non percipit: et tales indigne edunt de mensa Domini, &c.-Ibid. p. 111. Conf. Helv. Post. cap. xxI. Utuntur autem hoc (sacramento) utrique, boni et mali, et tamen vere credentes ad vitam, non credentes autem ad judicium, et condemnationem.-Ibid. p. 119. Conf. Bohem. cap. XIII. ...affirmamus eos, qui ad sacram mensam Domini, puram fidem, tanquam vas quoddam afferunt, vere recipere quod ibi signa testificantur, &c.-Ibid. p. 121. Conf. Gall. Art. xxxvII. Præterea quamvis sacramenta sint conjuncta rei ipsi significatæ, ambæ tamen res istæ non ab omnibus recipiuntur. Malus enim recipit quidem sacramentum in suam condemnationem, at rem seu veritatem sacramenti non recipit.-Ibid. p. 126. Conf. Belg. Art. xxxv.] [2 There is an error in the reference, but see below, note 4.] [3 Guilty of the body. First hereupon mark well, that ill men receive the body and blood of Christ, be they infidels or ill livers.-Test. Rhem. Rhemes, 1582. Ann. 1 Cor. xi. 27. p. 453.] [ Aiunt pontificii, verum corpus natum ex Maria virgine, ut natum est, ut vixit, ut cruci suspensum fuit, illud inquam in cruce cruentatum, esse ita corporaliter cum pane, ut panis specie sit, revera non sit panis, corpus autem totum sit, et ore comedi illud et manducari ab indignis et malis et improbis Christianis sive fidelibus. Lutherani qui nunc sunt et dici volunt, excepta transubstantiatione idem dicunt: et amplius videntur addere, etiam ab impiis et Turcis manducari et ore masticari.Sturmius, Quart. Antipapp. Neap. Palat. 1580. Pars Sec. Antiproœm, p. 106.] [5 Prima autem opinio quæ dicit, quod corpus Christi defertur quocunque species deferuntur, et in ventrem canis vel suis, vel in alia loca immunda, videtur vera: salvo enim vero esse specierum, adhuc non desinit esse sacramentum, nec Christus sub specie.-Alex. Alens. Summ. Theolog. Col. 1622. Pars Iv. Quæst. x1. Art. 4. § 3. p. 407. Ad tertium dicendum quod etiam si mus vel canis hostiam consecratam manducet substantia corporis Christi non desinit esse sub speciebus quamdiu species illæ manent &c.-Thom. Aquin. Summ. Theolog. Duac. 1614. Pars III. Quæst. 1xxx. Art. 3. fol. 181.] Sturmius in 4, par. 2, p. par. 4, q. 45, par. 3, q. 8, Art. III. Matt. xxvi. 26. Mark xiv. 22. Luke xxii. 19. ARTICLE XXX. Of both kinds. The cup of the Lord is not to be denied to the laypeople; for both the parts of the Lord's Sacrament, by Christ's ordinance and commandment, ought to be ministered to all Christian men. The proposition. The people must be partakers, not only of the bread, but also of the wine, when they approach unto the Lord's table. The proof from God's word. Our Lord and Saviour Christ hath so instituted his supper, as he will have not only the bread, but also the cup, to be delivered unto all communicants. So find we in the word of God, namely, 1 Cor. x. 16, Gal. iii. 15. That the bread must be given to all, and eaten of all. cup is to be given to all, and to be drunken of all. Hereunto subscribe the churches1. Matt. xxvi. 27. cap. 21. Bohem. Saxon. Art. xv. Mark xxv. 23. Luke xxii. 20. 1 Cor. x. 16, & xi. 25. Conf. Helv. I. cap. 13. Gal. Art. XXXVI. XXXVIII. Belg. Art. xxxv. August. de Wittemb. cap. 19. Suevica, cap. 18. The adversaries unto this truth. "Though it be a man's covenant, yet when it is confirmed, no man doth abrogate, or addeth anything thereunto." What impudency then, yea, what impiety, do they shew which alter this ordinance of God! [Improbamus itaque illos qui alteram speciem, poculum inquam Domini, fidelibus subtraxerunt. Graviter enim peccant contra institutionem domini dicentis, Bibite ex hoc omnes, &c.-Harm. Conf. Sect. xiv. p. 112. Conf. Helv. Post. cap. xxi....et distinctis elementis hæc ambo accipi debent: peculiariter et separatim corpus, et separatim sanguis ejus sanctus, sicut singula separatim a Domino instituta, porrecta, et universis communiter tradita fuerunt.-Ibid. p. 119. Conf. Bohem. cap. XIII. Itemque panem illum, et vinum illud quod nobis in Cœna datur, &c.—Ibid. p. 122. Conf. Gall. Art. xxxXVIII. Et quoniam communis missa apud nos celebratur, ut intelligat populus se quoque sanctificari sanguine Christi et discat verum usum ceremoniæ, datur laicis utraque pars sacramenti in Cœna Domini, &c.-Ibid. p. 135. Conf. August. De Abus. Art. 11. Norunt omnes Coenam Domini ita institutam esse, ut detur populo integrum sacramentum, sicut scriptum est, Bibite ex hoc omnes...fatendum est prohibitionem unius partis injustam esse.-Ibid. p. 143. Conf. Saxon. Art. xv. Quod autem ad Eucharistiæ usum attinet, primum etsi non negamus quin totus Christus tam pane quam vino Eucharistiæ dispensetur, tamen docemus usum utriusque partis debere universæ Ecclesiæ communem esse.-Ibid. p. 145. Conf. Virtemb. cap. xix. The other references are inferential. See above, p. 288, note 1.] |