agreeable to his vow, he offered his aid to King Alfonso, of Castile. But he was ignorant of the Moorish mode of fighting, and, riding too far in advance with his little band, was inclosed and cut off by the wheeling horsemen of the Moors. Still he might have escaped, had he not turned to rescue Sir William St. Clair of Roslin; but in doing this he was so entangled that he saw no escape, and taking from his neck his precious charge, he threw it before him, shouting aloud, “Pass onward as thou wert wont! I follow or die!" He followed and died. His corpse was found on the battle-field lying over the heart of Bruce, and his friends, lifting up the body, bore it back again to his own little church of St. Bride of Douglas, where it lies interred; while the crowned and bleeding heart shines emblazoned on the shield of the great Douglas line, a memorial of the true and hearty love that knit together through adversity and prosperity the good King Robert and the good Lord James. The heart itself was given into the charge of Sir Simon Locard of Lee, already the keeper of the curious talisman called the Lee Penny, brought by Earl David of Huntingdon from the East; but he did not deem it needful to carry his burthen to Jerusalem, and it was buried beneath the altar at Melrose Abbey. Sir Simon changed his name to Lockhart, and bore on his shield a heart with a fetterlock, on his crest a hand with a key, and for his motto Corda serrata pando."
Here then we close the first series of Cameos, during which we have seen the Norman conquerors gradually become English, and the kingdom take somewhat of its present form. In another volume we hope to show the long wars of the Middle Ages.
Acre, the siege of, 184; Prince Edward there, I
271; its final conquest by the Saracens, 272,
334
Adela, William the Conqueror's daughter, mar-
ried to Stephen of Blois, 69.
Adrian IV., Pope, Nicholas Brakespeare, an
Englishman, 135; his grant of Ireland to
Henry II., 161.
Aelred, Abbot of Rivaux, 124; his visit to King
David of Scotland, 133; death, 134.
Agatha, wife of Edward the Etheling, 96.
Alain Fergeant, married to William the Con-
queror's daughter Constance, 69.
Alberic, friend of Robert Courtheuse, 71.
Albigenses, the war against, led by Simor de
Montfort, 250.
Aldred, Archbishop of York, consecrates Bishop
Wulstan, 59; dies of grief, 60.
Alexander II., Pope, favours William the Con-
queror's invasion of England, 40.
Alexander III., Pope, his support of Becket,
147, 152.
Alexander III. of Scotland, at the coronation
of Edward I., 281; his character, 288; his
shocking death, 289; troubles in Scotland
after this, 289, 306.
Alexis Comnenus, Greek Emperor, his conduct
to the crusaders, 91.
Alfonso I. of Castile, William the Conqueror's
daughter Matilda promised to, 69.
Alfred, Archbishop of York, crowns Harold
king of England, 32.
Alfred Atheling, son of Ethelred the Unready,
25; his expedition against Harold Harefoot,
ib.; his murder, ib.
Alftrude, tradition of Hereward's love for, 55.
Algar, son of Earl Leofric, 30.
Alice of France, Richard Coeur de Lion be-
trothed to, 171, 177; disputes about this, 178,
179, 183.
Alice of Louvain, second wife of Henry I., 121;
married secondly to William de Albini, 129.
Almayne, Henry of, son of Richard king of
the Romans, 254, 255; joins the last crusade,
265; his murder by the De Montforts, 270;
punishment of his murderers, 272.
Anjou, history of the Counts of, 107; loss of, by
the English to Philippe Auguste, 205.
Anjou, Charles, Comte d', joins the crusade of
Louis IX., 241, 245; seizes the crown of the
Two Sicilies, 264; his conduct in the last
crusade, 266, 267; at the death of Louis IX.,
269; Prince Edward's reply to him, 272.
Anselm, Archbishop: Bishop Wulstan assists at
his consecration, 63; his birth and parentage,
78; enters the abbey of Bec, 79; the arch-
bishopric of Canterbury forced upon him, ib;
his collision with William Rufus, 80; bali-
ished for life, 81; returns on the death of
Rufus, 83; disputes with Henry I., 84; again
banished, ib. his return, ib.; death and
character, 85.
Ansgard, Alderman, his conference with William
the Conqueror, 96.
Antioch, siege of, in the first crusade, 91.
Apulia, the Normans in, 16.
Aquitaine, acquired by Henry II's marriage
with Eleanor, 135, 170; account of the
duchy of, 172.
Arnulf, Count of Flanders, the foe of William
Longsword, 12, makes war against Richard
the Fearless, 15; Richard's generosity to
him, 16.
Arques, Count d', his conspiracy against William
the Conqueror, 20.
Arthur, King: history of his round table at
Winchester, 229.
Arthur of Brittany, the joy at his birth, 194;
Richard I. acknowledges him heir, 195; the
war in Brittany in his behalf, 197; his resi-
dence at the court of Philippe Auguste, 199;
at the siege of Mirabeau, 200; taken prisoner
by King John, ib.; the parley between then,
201; John's attempted cruelty, ib.; his murder
by John, 202; avenged by Philippe Auguste,
203-206.
Artois, Robert, Comte d', joins the crusade of
Louis IX., 241; insults Longespée, 242; his
impetuous character, 243; killed at Man-
sourah, 244.
Ascalon, the crusaders at, 187.
Atheling, vide Etheling.
Augustine, his dispute with the Welsh Church,
Auvergne, Guy of, his cruel treatment and
death, 338.
Avignon, the papal court removed to, 334.
Ayr, story of the barns of, 294.
Bacon, Roger, account of, 285.
Baldwin, Archbishop of Canterbury, 206.
Baldwin, Count of Flanders, William the
Conqueror's overtures to, 40.
Baldwin I. king of Jerusalem, 115.
Baldwin II. king of Jerusalem, 115.
Balliol, John, lays claim to the crown of
Scotland, 290; declared king, 291; treated as
a vassal by Edward I., ib.; humiliation of,
and subsequent career, 292.
Bangor, slaughter of the monks of, 275.
Bannockburn, battle of, 330; its results, 332.
Bards, the, account of, 274.
Barons, the, assembly of, to adopt the charter,
217; their revolt, 218; their meeting with
King John at Runnymede, 219; their war
with King John, 221; offer the crown to
Louis the Lion, ib.; their demands at the
Parliament of Westminster, 255; the meeting
of, in the Mad Parliament, ib.; their dispute
with Henry III. referred to Louis IX., 257;
refuse Louis IX.'s decision, 258; their war
with the king, ib.; their discontent with
Montfort, 260; their proceedings against
Gaveston, 318-322; against the Despensers,
Batalha in Portugal, account of the Abbey
of, 47.
Battle Abbey, history of, 47; the roll of, un-
satisfactory compared with Domesday Book,
Bayeux tapestry, description of the, 47.
Bec, Lanfranc abbot of, 22, 79; Anselm there,
79, 84.
Beck, Anthony, Bishop of Durham, Edward I.'s
envoy to Balliol, 292; Edward I.'s message
to, 296.
Becket, Gilbert à, legend of, 136.
Becket, Thomas à, birth of, 137; his character
and splendour, 139; appointed Archbishop of
Canterbury, 140; his humility, 140, 141; his
quarrel with Henry II. on the privileges of the
clergy, 143; his reluctant consent to the
Constitutions of Clarendon, 144; the King's
sentence against him, ib.; his acts at the
Council of Northampton, 145; his flight to
the Continent, 147; supported by the Pope,
&c., ib.; retires to Pontigny, 148; confer-
ence with King Henry II. at Montmirail,
150; at Montmartre, 151; the King's sub-
mission, 152; his return to Canterbury, 153;
events of his martyrdom, 154, 155; fate of
his murderers, 156; his canonization, 157;
general honour paid to him, ib.; pilgrimages
to his shrine, ib.; its spoliation by Henry
VIII., ib.; summary of his character, 158.
Benefit of clergy, meaning of, 141.
Berengaria, Richard I.'s attachment to, 177,
183; their marriage, 184; her death, 198.
Bernard, Count of Harcourt, the friend of
William Longsword, 13; his support of
Richard the Fearless, 14.
Bertrade, marries Foulques IV. of Anjou, 113;
leaves him for Philippe I., 113.
Bertram de Born, the troubadour, laments
Queen Eleanor's imprisonment, 175; af-
fronted by Richard I., 175; his interview with
Henry II., 176; his laments for Richard I.,
191, 198; his death, 198; Dante's mention of
him in the 'Inferno,' ib.
Berwick, Edward I.'s cruelty at, 292.
Bigod, Roger, Earl of Norfolk, his answers to
Henry III., 255, 256; his opposition to the
exactions of Edward I., 302-304.
Binning, his capture of Linlithgow, 326.
Bishops, dispute between King and Pope re-
specting the election of, 206-208.
Blanche of Castile, her marriage to Louis the
Lion, 198, 211, 221; death of, 249.
Blondel, discovers Richard I. in captivity, 191.
Blondeville, Ranulf de, his marriage to Con-
stance of Brittany, 195.
Boemond, joins the first crusade, 89, 91; his
conduct at the siege of Antioch, 91.
Bohun, Humphrey, Earl of Hereford, his op-
position to Edward I., 302, 303; his succes>
and high character, 304.
Bohun, Sir H., his encounter with King Robert
Bruce, 329.
Boniface VIII., Pope, opposes Edward I.'s
exactions on the clergy, 301; death of, 334-
Border warfare with the Scots, 355, 358.
Boshain, Herbert de, the friend of Archbishop
Becket, 144, 147, 150, 154.
Brand, Abbot of Peterborough, 50; confers
knighthood on Hereward, 52.
Braose, William de, King John's cruelties to,
Bretons, their joy at the birth of Prince Arthur,
194; their enmity to Richard I., 197.
Brien Boru, king of Ireland, 160.
Brihtric Meau, Queen Matilda's love for, 68;
her vengeance on his disdain, ib.
Brito, William, murderer of Becket, 154; his
armorial bearings, 157.
Britons, the, after the departure of the
Romans, 274.
Bruce, the line of, history of, 306; troubles of
Scotland under, 309.
Bruce, Edward, besieges Stirling Castle, 327;
commands a division at Bannockburn, 329;
his invasion of Ireland, 352; death, 353
Bruce, Robert, lays claim to the crown of
Scotland, 290.
Bruce, Robert, the younger, joins Wallace, 294:
lives in allegiance to Edward I., 307.
Bruce, Robert III., vacillation of his early con-
duct, 307; his murder of the Red Comyn,
308; revolts against Edward I., 308; coro-
nation at Scone, 309; his excommunication,
310. 312; his disaster at Methven, 310; wan-
derings and adventures, 310-313; escape
from the Lorns, 311; defeats Aymer de
Valence, 314; his progress in the recovery
of Scotland, 325-328; his preparations to
meet Edward II., 328; encounter with Sir
Henry Bohun, 329; his victory at Ban-
nockburn, 331; his invasion of Ireland, 353:
inroads upon England, 354; recognised by
the Pope, ib.; his right to the throne ac-
knowledged by England, 358; his dying
injunctions and death, 362; fate of his
heart, 363.
Bruce, William, resigns the charge of Prince
Arthur, 201.
Bungay, Friar, the associate of Friar Bacon, 286.
Burgh, Hubert de, governor of Prince Arthur,
201, 203; taken prisoner by the French, 204;
his defence of Dover, 223, 224; defeats the
French fleet, 225; his care of the minority of
Henry III., 226; machinations against him,
230; his imprisonment and escape, 231; sub-
sequent history, ib.
Burnet, Robert, Bishop, Edward I.'s chancellor,
284.
Bury St. Edmund's, assembly of the Barons
at, 217.
Cadwallader, the last of the Pendragons, 275.
Caen, the two abbeys founded at, by William
the Conqueror and Matilda, 22; Abbaye aux
Dames at, William the Conqueror's eldest
daughter becomes Abbess of, 69; William the
Conqueror buried at, 74.
Camp of Refuge established in the Isle of Ely,
52; the principal fugitives there, 53; attacks
on, by William the Conqueror, 55; betrayed
by the monks of Ely, 55; cruelty to the cap-
tives taken there, 56.
Canterbury and York, jealousy between, 206.
Canterbury Cathedral, murder of Becket at,
154; Henry II. does penance in, 157;
Becket's shrine at, ib.
Capet, Hugh, succeeds to the throne of France,
16; supported by Richard the Fearless, ib. ;
importance of his recognition, 17.
Cardinals, the, choice of the Pope vested in, 76.
Carthage, Louis IX.'s camp at, 267; his sick-
ness and death there, 268.
Cecily, William the Conqueror's eldest daughter,
becomes Abbess of Caen, 69.
Châlons, Count de, his treachery to Edward I.,
Charlemagne, receives the crown of the Holy
Roman Empire, 3, 75; degeneracy of his
descendants, 4; overcome by the Northmen,
5; the race of, retire to Lorraine, 17.
Charles Martel, exploits of, 3.
Charles the Simple, king of France, 6; his
contests with Rollo, 7, 8; cedes Neustria to
him, 9; Rollo marries his daughter, 10.
Charles IV., his conduct in Queen Isabel's
quarrel with Edward II., 346.
Charter, the Great, adopted by the Barons, 217;
King John promises to grant it, ib.; his
prevarication, 218; its enactments, 219;
signed by John, ib.; annulled by Pope
Innocent III., 220; the war of the Barons
to obtain it, 221; Henry III. made to agree
to it, 224; end of the wars about it, 225; its
acceptance by Henry III., 262; renewal of,
by the Barons, under Edward I., 303.
Chateau Gaillard, the siege of, 203.
Christiana, daughter of Edward Etheling, 96;
retires to a convent, 97; becomes Abbess of
Wilton, 101, 102.
Christianity, conversion of the early French
kings to, 3; acceptance of, by the Vikings, 5.
Church and State, struggles between, in the
eleventh century, 75; theory of, ib.; adjust-
ment of the disputes between, 84; further
disputes, 206.
Church building in the early Norman days, 62.
Church patronage, quarrel of the Barons with
Innocent IV. respecting, 234.
Clapham, derivation of its name, 26.
Clare, Gilbert de, Earl of Gloucester, knighted
by Montfort, 258; secedes from the Barons,
259; joins the last crusade, 266; married to
Joan of Acre, daughter of Edward I., 287;
death of, 304.
Clarendon, the Council and Constitutions of, 144.
Clement V., Pope, character of, 305; excom-
municates Bruce, 310; gives absolution to
Gaveston, 319; elected Pope by the influence
of Philippe IV., 334; gives up the Knights
Templars to him, 335: abolishes the Tem-
plars, 337; his death, 338.
Clergy, the, privileges of, Henry II.'s oppo-
sition to, 142; Becket's support of, 143.
Clermont, council of, Peter the Hermit at, 86.
Coinage, the, Edward I.'s laws upon, 283.
Comyn, Earl of Durham, murder of, by the
townsmen, 60.
Comyn the Red, his treachery to Robert Bruce,
307; murdered by Bruce, 308.
Congé d'élire, origin of, 84.
Conrad, king of Burgundy, makes war upor
Richard the Fearless, 15.
Conrade of Montferrat, his enmity to Richard I.,
184; made king of Jerusalem, 187; his assas-
sination, 188.
Constance, daughter of William the Conqueror,
account of, 69.
Constance of Brittany, her marriage with
Geoffrey Plantagenet, 171; has the care of
Prince Arthur, 195; her second marriage, ib.;
is seized and imprisoned, 196; her death, 199.
Constantinople, Robert the Magnificent at, 19;
Harold Hardrada's adventures there, 34.
Cordova, Emir of, King John's embassy to, 211.
Cressingham, Hugh, chancellor to Edward I.,
his expedition against Wallace, 294; killed
at the battle of Stirling, 295.
Crusades, the, remarks upon, 87; the first, led
by Peter the Hermit, 88'; its disastrous end,
89; followed by Godfrey de Bouillon and
others, ib.; account of, 91; the third, ac-
count of, 181; the last, history of, 264; the
great abuse of them, 241, 242.
Curfew bell, origin of, 66.
Cymry, the, original tribe of the Kelts, 273.
Cyprus, conquest of, by Richard Cœur de Lion,
184.
Damietta, the crusaders at, 238, 242.
Danish conquest of England, effects of, 23.
David, Earl of Huntingdon, joins the third
crusade, 181; his adventures on his return
home, 184.
David I. king of Scotland, a visitor of Henry I.,
117; swears fealty to Maude, 121; his cha-
racter, 123; invades England in favour of
Maude, 126; defeated at the battle of the
Standard, 128; his sorrows and death, 133.
De Courcy, Sir John, made governor of Ireland,
166; his government there, 166, 167; made
Earl of Ulster, 167; treachery against him,
168; his imprisonment, ib.; undertakes the
championship of England, 169; privilege
granted to him and his descendants, ib.
Despensers, the, favourites of Edward II., 340;
the Barons procure their banishment, 342;
their return, 343; the King's bounty to them,
345; their capture and execution, 348, 349.
Des Roches, Guillaume, King John's promise
to, respecting Prince Arthur, 200; his remorse
at the King's treachery, 201.
Des Roches, Peter, Bishop of Winchester, re-
fuses to acknowledge the interdict, 210; jus-
ticiary under Henry III., 226; his intrigue
against Hubert de Burgh, 230; causes the
death of the Earl of Pembroke, 232; his dis-
missal and death, ib.
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