Andrew Johnstone. Patrick Stewart. Robert Stuart. N.B. Ninety-one rebels received sentence of death at Carlisle, 70 at York, and between 40 and 50 at St. Margaret's-Hill. XLVII. ROYAL CASUISTRY. Odo, bishop of Bayeux, was Earl of Kent; he, upon some discontentment given to his brother, William the Conqueror, was imprisoned by him; the king excused it to the church, that he imprisoned not a Bishop of Bayeux, but an Earl of Kent. So Hugh, Bishop of Durham, purchased the manor of Sadborough, with the dignity, pallitinate of this whole province, of Richard the First, and was by him made an Earl, the King jocosely boasting what a cunning workman he was, that could make of an old Bishop a new Earl. XLVIII. ALICE PIERCE. Alice Pierce, concubine to Edward III. was, in the latter end of his reign, so impudent, presuming upon his favour whose weakness she had subdued, that she herself would sit in courts of justice to effect her own desires; and, at a parliament held the 50th year of his reign, at her suit, she caused Sir Peter de la Mare, (late speaker in a parliament, and who then exhibited complaints against her,) to be committed to perpetual imprisonment at Nottingham. XLIX. PUNISHMENT OF THEFT. The Saxons had a law, that, whosoever had committed theft, and the Charles Douglas, Lord Mordington, plead- goods found in his house, all the family ed his peerage. David Ogilvie. * This rebel was father to the present Earl of Dunmore, governor of Virginia, and was in both rebellions of 1715 and 1745, in the last of which he was taken, brought by sea to Woolwich, and thence removed to the Tower, and had certainly lost his life, but for the intercession of his brother, the then Earl, who was a general officer of high rank, and obtained the King's pardon. He lived to succeed to his brother's title. + This rebel, though young, was very active in the rebellion, was taken, and confined in Edinburgh castle, but was pardoned, and has since had great part of his father's estate restored. This rebel was own brother to the present Lord Chief Justice Mansfield; he was secretary to the Pretender, but obtained his pardon. He is supposed to be still alive, and to enjoy a handsome pension. were made bond, even to the child in the cradle. This Canute the Dane abrogated, ordaining, that only the malefactor, and such as aided him, should endure the punishment; and that the wife (unless the things stolen were found under her lock,) should not be guilty of her husband's offence. L. HATRED OF THE NORMANS. In the beginning of the Conqueror's reign, the rancour of the English towards the new-come Normans was such, that finding them single in woods, or remote places, they secretly murthered them, and the deed-doers could never be discovered; whereupon it was ordained that the hundred wherein a Norinan was found slain, and the murtherer not taken, should be condemned to pay to the king 361. or 281. according to the quantity of the hundred. 2 ORIGINAL 1815.] 533 ORIGINAL POETRY. MORNING. OLD Night retreats, and leaves the earth To sun and morn and smiling mirth; B. WORDSMAN. west The sun descending quits the busy world, rear, Where maddening Pleasure leads the votive hours, Cultur'd by village swains with nicest care, The cottage-garden teem'd with fairest flow'rs. There, at the hour when Toil has ceas'd to reign, And "Evening draws her crimson curtains round," The rustics oft, unto the pipe's soft strain, In merry dance have trod the grassy ground. And, from the rude remains that mark'd the Where monkish rites shed erst their splendid gleam, The owl, dull solitary bird of night, Has fill'd each interval with frightful scream. Where with my Rosabel I oft have rov'd; tear. Kentish Town. Ode to the Anniversary of Thomson's Birthday, held at Ednam, Roxburghshire, the 22d of September, 1814. By GEORGE NOBLE, A PLOUGHMAN OF JEUBURGH. BEYOND the Cheviot mountains high, Behold again the annual morn, When Thomson, Nature's bard, was born! Bids the fair flowers and leaves expand, Breathe soft along the smiling land; Fair Fair in his song, creation round Retires, the scorching ray to shun; In strains sublime, while rolling loud While, wing'd with fate, the quiv'ring light'ning flies, Struck, in his folding arms the destin'd victim dies. But see, where o'er the fertile plain, Kind Autumn spreads his bounteous stores; Rich wave the fields with golden grain, And plenty round profusely pours. Now, busy o'er the teeming lands, Behold the jovial reaping bands Cut down the yellow treasure fair, Behind the gleaners pick their spare; With vivid tints, to Nature true, The joyous scene his fancy drew, Poured forth his song, soft as the western gale, And charm'd each feeling heart with young Lavinia's tale. Erewhile majestic on the storm He with sublime sensations saw Stern Winter's dark terrific form, On clouds condensed round Ruberslaw. While the careering tempest flies Impetuous through the murky skies, On high his notes resounding soar, Responsive of the whirlwind's roar. Anon-borne on the northern gale, In mournful accents now they sail, And bear along with plaintive wail O'er the wild heath the hapless traveller's woe, Who, far from home, expires beneath the drifted snow. And now, by sacred Liberty Inspir'd, he swells the exalted strain, To arms, her honour to maintain ! The breeze-waked harp's soft symphony. Sweet poet of the circling year! And bids her generous sons entwine, "Through Nature up to Nature's God;" This is the noblest monument of Fame, And stampt with Virtue's seal eternal to thy name. Where Ocean steeps in silvery shells his pearls With thy own fingers string the glittering gems, And coil twelve crowns--and twelve-and · twelve again, And on their noble brows Who now once more the holy gates unbar PATENTS 1815.] [ 535 ] PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. Mr. BRUNTON's Improvements in the Construction of Chain Cables or Moor. ings. any to fection of a chain intended to possess the greatest possible strength that can be ob tained from a given quantity of material. The think, have been laid THE first who made guy and better der great obligations both to Capt. Brows material for anchor cables and moorings, was Capt. Samuel Brown, R. N. He had the merit of adopting good tough wrought iron; and, had he not fallen into an error in principle in the construction, his invention, as applicable to naval purposes, would have almost defied the possibility of any further improvement. Since that time iron cables have been introduced not only into different ships in the Royal Navy, but in the merchant service, and with great success. A defect, which attached to the construction of Capt. Brown's chain, has been obviated by another mode of construction, for which the inventor, Mr. THOMAS BRUNTON, of the Commercial Road, has likewise obtained a patent, In Mr. Brunton's chain cable, that arrangement which can most effectually resist every solicitation to change the form of any of the links--or, in other words, that form of link which shall present the substance of the iron in the best possible position for bringing the whole mass into equal action when assailed by an external force, has been most successfully adopted. To convey correct ideas respecting Mr. B.'s improvements in the construction of chain cables or moorings, he points out and illustrates the principles which should guide the workman in his operations, by a variety of plates, for which we refer to the original. The object to be gained is the greatest possible strength from a given quantity of materials, keep ing in mind the direction in which the strain is to be borne. If the tendency of a strain, applied to a link of a bad form, be once properly conceived, a great step is gained towards the adoption of a good form. The broad-beaded stay is an improvement of the first importance in chains, Capt. Brown employed sharp-ended pins in the middle of his links, the two ends of which evidently present fulcrums over which the link may be broken; but the broad-headed stay, introduced by Mr. Brunton, and embracing as large a por tion as convenience will permit of the sides of the link, tends, as much as any thing can, to give that undisturbable ri gidity which is indispensable to the per and Mr. Brunton-to the former, for introducing the iron cable, and combating the prejudices of the public in favour of hemp-to the latter, for perfecting the cable chain. Were ships generally fur nished with a good scope of chain, of proper weight, and of the best construction, not one instance out of a hundred that now occurs of ships being lost on a lee shore, would take place. In a rocky an chorage, hemp is cut to pieces in a short tine in rough weather; but chain receives no other injury than that of a little rub.bing or polishing, and the weight of the bight of the latter gives amazing ease to the tossing vessel-giving way to the swelling wave that elevates the ship, and then acting by its gravity to keep her as stationary as circumstances will permit, The following are the proportions of the chain cables on Mr. Brunton's principle, compared with hemp cables. Iron. 1 14 Rope. inch. diam, for 9 inch proof 12 tons. ... 10 ........ 18 11 1 12 1. 2 The above proofs, to which the respective sizes are subjected, would break the hempen cables for which each is substituted; but the chains would bear twice the strain stated before giving way. To EDWARD STEERS, of the Inner Temple; for a Method of rendering the Stoppers of Bottles, Jars, &c. Airtight-March 12, 1814. This method consists in the application of a screw, whereby the stopper is so forcibly pressed down, that, if a piece of bladder, or oiled skin, or other fit material, be placed between it and the bottle, the passage of air is completely prevented. MR. MICHAEL LARKIN, of Blackwall, for Improvements in Windlasses for Ships and other Vessels.-Aug. 16, 1814. This improvement consists in fixing to the shaft or barrel of the common wind. lass lass, one, two, three, or more circles or cylinders, of wood or metal, generally from three to four feet in diameter, and from six to twelve inches in thickness, but may be more or less. In each of these cylinders are holes for the handspikes or levers, generally eight in number, which, acting at a greater distance from the centre, afford a great increase of power; and, these holes being all sunk a certain distance into the cylinder, the handspikes always abut against the bottom of the hole; they are thereby more easily and certainly fixed and disengaged, than they can be in the common windJass, where the holes are cut quite through the shaft or barrel. In one or more of these cylinders, the stops are to be cut for the palls, by which the windlass is prevented from recoiling; and here the greater diameter of the cylinder, compared with that of the barrel of the windlass, greatly di minishes the strain on the palls, and gives room for them to catch more frequently than they can be made to do with equal security on a smaller circle. This windlass possesses the following advantages. First, an increase of power, obtained by using the handspikes or levers, (which are to be all alike, and such as are in common use, about six feet long) in the holes prepared for them in the circles; this carries the ends of them full eighteen inches farther from the centre than if they were used in the shaft, and will give an increase of onefourth more power to them at all times. Second: greater security in palling, or stopping, to prevent the windlass from recoiling. In the common windlass, the palls catch into stops cut in the shaft, which is seldom more than twenty inches in diameter, and only affords room for eight stops. In this, the palls catch in stops, cut in one or more of the circles, which, in a ship that has a windlass of twenty inches diameter, will be four feet, and will afford room for sixteen or twenty-four stops. By this increase of diameter, the palls act at a distance of twenty-four inches from the centre, consequently the strain upon them will be as 10 or 24, compared with the cominon method of palling. Other Patents lately granted, of which we solicit the Specifications. T. SYKES, of Sheffield; for improvements on fire-arms.-Aug. 4. J. COLLIER, of Upper Thornhaughstreet; for a machine for combing wool, hemp, flax, cotton, &c.—Aug. 4. J. THOMSON, of Yarmouth, Norfolk; for making ships governable.--Ang. 4. T. MICHELL, of Upper Thames-street; for a machine for raising water with less power than hitherto, for the impelling of machinery.-Aug. 4. T. S. PAULY, of Little Charlotte-street; for improvements in fire-arms.-Aug. 4. G. COURTALD, of Braintree; for a spindle for the manufacture of silk thread.Aug. 4. S. ERARD, of Great Marlborough-street; for improvements in musical instruments. Aug. 4. ROBERT SALMON, of Woburn, Bedford, purveyor; for improvements in the construction of machines for making hay.— August 22, 1814. ENSON, of Nash Mills, Hertford, papermakers; for improvements in the said John Dickenson's patent machinery for manufac turing paper, and also a certain apparatus for separating the knots or lumps from paper or paper stuff.-August 24, 1814. JOHN DICKENSON and GEORGE DICK J. PENNY and JOSEPH KENDALL, of Lancaster; for making pill and other small boxes.-Sept. 8. W. LISTER, of Paddington; for improvements in a machine for separating corn or seeds from straw and chaff.-Sept. 21. J. and P. TAYLOR, of Manchester; for improvements in a loom for weaving.— Sept. 21. W. E. SHEFFIELD, of Somers Town; for improvements in manufacturing copper and other metallic substances.-Sept. 21. J. DOBBS, of Birmingham; for improvements in manufacturing machines for cutting and gathering in grain.-Sept. 21. A. F. DIDOT, of Holborn; for improvement in making printing-types.-Oct. 3. A. SHAW, of Leicester; for apparatus for the better cutting of window, plate, and sheet glass.-Oct. 3. provements for raising water.-Oct. 3. W. SAMPSON, of Acorn-street; for imimprovements in a plough.-Oct. 3. R. PHILIPS, of Newbury, Berks. for J. LONGHURST, of London; for an æolian organ, or barrel organ, with a selfacting swell.-Nov. 1. J. WALTERS, of London; for improvements in the construction and fastening of frame timbers, or binds of ships, whether building or under repair.-Nov: 10. W. HOWARD, of Old Brentford; for improved apparatus or gear for working ships' pumps, also applicable to churning, &c.-Nov. 10. L. DIDOT, of Paddington; for improvements in the means for illuminating apartments or places by the combustion of tallow or other inflammable materials.— Nov. 10. W. BENICKE, of Deptford; for an improved method of manufacturing verdegris. -Nov. 12. PROCEEDINGS |