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ment et son mandat ne l'a point autorisée à en interpréter le sens.

Le Mémorandum du Divan valaque forme une annexe au présent rapport; ce document mérite, en raison de son importance, d'être consulté et apprécié dans son ensemble; il parait donc superflu d'entrer ici dans une récapitulation minutieuse de son contenu, ainsi que de faire une analyse générale des actes et des délibérations enregistrés dans les procès-verbaux de l'Assemblée.

Aussi, la Commission, ne pouvant franchir les limites imposées par les observations qui précèdent, se bornera à signaler brièvement les faits suivants, sans toutefois prétendre diminuer l'importance de ceux dont elle s'abstient de faire une mention spéciale.

Le Mémorandum du Divan valaque fait valoir:

1. Que les Principautés ont toujours respecté les liens qui les rattachent à l'Empire ottoman et il déclare que la reconnaissance de leurs droits ne peut qu'augmenter la force de cet Empire.

2. Il définit la nature des liens, qui existent entre la Sublime Porte et les Principautés, en cherchant également à établir quels sont les droits de ces Principautés.

3. En demandant l'Union des Principautés comme une satisfaction à accorder aux vœux du pays et comme un moyen d'en augmenter les ressources, le Mémorandum fait valoir les rivalités et les jalousies des fa

in the elaboration of this document and its mandate has not at all authorized it to interpret its sense.

The Memorandum of the Wallachian Divan forms an appendix to the present report; this document deserves, by reason of its importance,

to be consulted and estimated in its entirety; it therefore appears superfluous to enter here into a minute recapitulation of its contents, as, likewise to make a general analysis of the acts and deliberations recorded in the proceedings of the Assembly.

Moreover, the Commission, being unable to overstep the limits imposed by the preceeding observations, will confine itself to pointing out briefly the following facts, without however pretending to diminish the importance of those of which it abstains from making special mention.

The Memorandum of the WallaIchian Divan sets forth:

1. That the Principalities have always respected the ties which bind them to the Ottoman Empire and declares that the recognition of their rights can only augment the power of this Empire.

2. It defines the nature of the ties which exist between the Sublime Porte and the Principalities, while also seeking to establish what are the rights of these Principalities.

3. In demanding the Union of the Principalities as a satisfaction to be accorded to the wishes of the country and as a means of augmenting its resources, the Memorandum lays stress. on the rivalries and jealousies of the

milles indigènes, pour conclure à l'impossibilité d'un Gouvernement stable d'un de leurs membres et prouver la nécessité impérieuse de placer sur le trône de la Moldo-Valachie un Prince issu d'une des maisons souveraines de l'Europe. . . .

4. Le Divan établit, en vertu des Capitulations déjà invoquées le droit de la nation d'élire ses Princes où bon lui semble et de les déclarer héréditaires. Cependant les hautes Puissances étant plus compétentes à faire ce choix, il exprime sa confiance dans leur sagesse et se montre persuadé que l'élu du Congrès sera accueilli comme s'il était l'élu de la nation elle-même.

Passant à l'étude des actes du Divan moldave, qui n'a clos ses travaux que le 21 Décembre 1857 (2 Janvier 1858), la Commission constate, d'abord, que cette Assemblée a suivi au début une marche analogue à celle adoptée par le Divan de Valachie, en formulant ses vœux dans les cinq points suivants :

"I. Le respect des droits des Principautés et particulièrement de leur autonomie, d'après la teneur de leurs anciennes Capitulations, conclues avec la S. Porte en 1393, 1460, 1511 et 1634.

"II. L'Union des Principautés en un seul Etat, avec le nom de Roumanie.

“III. Un Prince étranger héréditaire, élu parmi les dynasties rég

native families, in order to deduce the impossibility of a stable government by one of their members and to prove the imperative necessity of placing on the throne of Moldo-Wallachia a Prince who is the issue of one of the sovereign houses of Europe. . . .

4. The Divan establishes, in virtue of the Capitulations already invoked, the right of the nation to elect its Princes wherever it thinks best and to declare them hereditary. Nevertheless the great Powers being more competent to make this choice, it expresses its confidence in their wisdom and shows itself to be persuaded that the elect of the Congress will be received as though he were elected by the nation itself.

Passing to the examination of the acts of the Moldavian Divan, which only closed its labors the 21st of December, 1857 (January 2d, 1858), the Commission asserts, first, that this Assembly followed in the beginning a course analogous to that adopted by the Divan of Wallachia by formulating its wishes in the five following points:

"I. Respect for the rights of the Principalities and particularly for their autonomy, according to the tenor of their ancient Capitulations concluded with the Sublime Porte in 1393, 1460, 1511 and 1634.

"II. Union of the Principalities in a single State, with the name of Rumania.

"III. An hereditary foreign Prince elected from among the reign

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Vote of Wallachia Electing Alexander John Couza Prince of Wallachia, January 24, 1859 2

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1 There follows a discussion of each of the points of the Moldavian vote regarding internal questions, with recommendations by the Committee.

2 Acte si documente renascerei Romaniei, vol. 8, p. 593. From the formal minute of the Assembly.

THE IONIAN ISLANDS, 1863

Vote of the Ionian Assembly for Union with Greece. January 27, 1859 1

1

.. The Assembly of the Seven Islands proclaims that the sole and unanimous will (éλnois) of the Ionian people has been, and is, the union of the Seven Islands with Greece.

A committee of eleven members shall be appointed to submit to the chamber its opinion on the ulterior measures suitable to the proclamation of union this day adopted in the Assembly.

Petition of the Ionian Assembly to the Queen, January 30, 1857

To Her Majesty Victoria I., the most gracious Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and Protectress of the United States of the Ionian Islands, &c.

May it Please Your Majesty,

The people of the seven islands having always kept in vigour the idea of its nationality, and desiring its union with free Greece, approaches with reverence your most mighty throne, that it may lay upon the steps thereof the authentic manifestation of this ever-glowing sentiment.

In the midst of the tribulations which have afflicted the Hellenic race, the Ionian people has both preserved, throughout, its civilisation, and has maintained all along both its nationality and its independence.

The treaty contracted at Paris, on the 5th November, 1815, without the intervention of the Ionian people, by which that people was placed under the British Protectorate, had no other view than the preservation of a small country, which is both recognized and declared in this treaty as a single, free, and independent state.

To this purpose tend the duties assumed by the Protecting Power under the treaty, and the political relations arising out of them between Great Britain and the protected people. But after the establishment of the kingdom of Greece, the reason failing which suggested these relations, there sprung up spontaneously an ardent desire on the part of the Ionians for their political union with the liberated portion of the nation to which they are indissolubly 1 From the "Mission of Rt. Hon. W. E. Gladstone to Ionian Islands, 1858," British Parliamentary Papers [2891], 1861, vol. 67, p. 61.

bound by descent, religion, language, recollections, and unbounded sacrifices in a holy cause.

From this irrepressible sentiment flowed the obstructed manifestations of the ninth Parliament, and the unanimous desire expressed by the eleventh Parliament on the 20th June, 1857. Of this same ardent feeling and desire of the entire Ionian people, his Excellency too, the High Commissioner Extraordinary whom your Majesty has been pleased to dispatch to the Seven Islands, has received authentic proofs.

Setting out from considerations such as these, the representatives of the Ionian people, in their parliamentary sitting of 15/27 January, 1859, proclaimed with one voice, that "the single and unanimous disposition (fédŋois) of the Ionian people has been, and is, for the union of the whole of the Seven Islands with the kingdom of Greece."

The Ionian Assembly, submitting these representations, prays your Majesty to be pleased to communicate this declaration to the other Great Powers of Europe, and to cooperate with them to give effect to the sacred and just desire of the Ionians.

The representatives of the Ionian people have a cheerful hope that the Divine Grace which once armed the right hand of Britain on behalf of the Hellenic nation, may again inspire your Majesty, so that by your mighty aid this people may attain to its national reestablishment, and that ties, springing out of profound gratitude and unalterable sympathy, may bind the hearts of the Hellenic nation to the throne of your Majesty.

(Signed) D. FLAMBURIARI, President.

N. LUSI.

J. DUSMANI,

Secretaries.

Corfu, January 18/30, 1859.

Address of the Lord High Commissioner on Delivering the Reply of the Queen to the Petition of the Assembly. February, 1859 1

MR. PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN,

1

I have received, under date of 2d February, the answer of the Protecting Sovereign to the petition of the Legislative Assembly of the Ionian State for the union with Greece; as well as Her Majesty's commands to make it known without loss of time, and in the most solemn manner, to the Legislative

1“Ionian Islands," British Parliamentary Papers, 1861, vol. 67 [2891], p. 66. At the same session a scheme for reforms in administration and legislative procedure was presented by the Lord High Commissioner.

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