nished. S. W. POMEROY. 23 the grey, I was greatly amused with them. Every entered her house, and swallowed the child. But perfectly white and uncommonly mild. You will double they reached the pack, and it was hard run-lo! when the inquisitives made search, Reynard bad of course distribute the seed among those who will ning between them and old Rattler. Slim, Cæsar, shifted from the cradle to a bed, where he lay snug be most likely to make a fair experiment, with an Rattler, Jr., Chaunter, Waddler, Tyro, Bolivar and and concealed till the arrival of the hounds and assurance, that if it is desirable, more seed from Eclipse, carried the chase. Spring was thrown out huntsmen at the cottage door; and when he found the same quarter will be with great pleasure furin the double back from Chapman's woods, and she the place too hot to hold him, he bolted out of the Yours, ran wide, or skirted too much throughout the hunt. back window, ran for twenty minutes longer, to the J. S. SKINNER, Esq. great amusement of all the country round, and the high gratification of the poultry-yard farmers, to whom the caitiff had proved himself a pest for some time past. He was ultimately taken, lifeless, in a corn-loft, at Clay-hill, whither he had ascended by a ladder of considerable height. They estimate that the run could not be less than forty miles, through a heavy country, that beat nearly all the horses to a stand-still. EXTRAORDINARY RUN. The Baltimore pack was thrown off at day-light beyond Potter's race course, last week. They soon struck the warm trail of a moving fox, which proved to be an old red one. The morning was uncom monly fine, and the dogs went off in the finest style, running breast high and without a moment's check, until he reached the shore below Mr. Gorsuch's farm, where they run into him in thirty minutes! The cry did not cease for a moment, and every dog but one of eight couple was in at the death. The same pack was taken down last week to grey fox ground, on the Annapolis road. After a trail of half an hour, they unkennelled an old grey at 6; but owing to the badness of the morning and the wilyness of the game, they did not kill until near 9 o'clock. HAREWOOD. TROTTING. CARRIER-PIGEONS. THE FARMER. BALTIMORE, FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 1827. THE BALTIMORE RAIL-ROAD.-Some weeks since, we stated that we had never seen, on any occasion, a more cordial union of opinion and views, upon any great enterprise, than appeared then to On Monday, December 4, the trotting match be-exist amongst our men of wealth and influence, in tween Mr. Bullock's Spitfire and Captain Forres- regard to the importance of an immediate and deter's Lancashire mare, to run twenty miles, 100 so-termined effort to connect this city with the western vereigns a side, was decided, on the Staines road, country, by means of a rail-road across the mounover a four-mile piece of ground. At starting, the tains, to strike some point on the Ohio river. That mare made play, and kept the lead throughout, our impression then was well founded, has been closely followed at full speed, which left most of proved by the alacrity with which the stock has the gallopers behind. At the fourteenth mile, the been subscribed for-in so much so, that not more A most extraordinary run was made by a red fox mare was passed by Spitfire, and in the sixteenth than seven-tenths of a share, or seventy dollars last week in Montgomery county, before a pack of they were together; but the mare gained a little, worth of stock, falls to the lot of any one name. dogs of high repute. He is estimated to have run and her jockey, from superior speed, was enabled The example of those who subscribed large amounts a distance of not less than eighty miles!-and was to ease her. He did not let her loose till near the when the books were first opened, doubtless had not killed until late in the afternoon. This was try-end of the race. and she won by about 150 yards. great influence in creating confidence in the proing to the mettle of the dogs; and it is reported The time occupied by the winner in performing the ject, and in increasing the number of subscribers. that the two leading dogs throughout the chase distance, was one hour and twelve minutes. It was readily concluded that men, remarkable all belonged to worthy FRIEND Roger Brooke. As their lives for sagacity and caution, as for integrity they ran with ambition, and performed with success in all their dealings; were not now going to be in the line of service for which Providence obvious despatched from that place six carrier-pigeons, mountains. Hence the stock is said to be very Late in November, Mr. Walker, of Harrietsham, carried away and lost in pursuing ignes fatui in the ly designed them, they deserve to have their names brought from London for the purpose of ascertain- much divided, and taken by bona fide subscribers recorded, and to be more honoured, than the most successful butcher of the human species in unprin- ing the time they would occupy in flying to the me- without any view to sheer speculation! cipled wars. tropolis. They performed their flight as follows: We cannot say that we are free from apprehenone in an hour and a half; one in one hour and tension that our fellow citizens have underrated the minutes; two in one hour; and two in fifty-eight difficulties and the expense; but nobody can deny minutes. The birds, when first released, did not that the subject is worthy of the most earnest investiA party of gentlemen, going to enjoy the delight immediately take flight in the direction of London; gation, and the prize to be gained of incalculable ful hospitalities of Harewood, the Baltimore pack of but after ascending a considerable height, they flew value. The next step will probably be to send hounds was sent down for their entertainment. The about for several minutes, as if reconnoitring.party was at cover, and the dogs thrown off on The measured turnpike road distant from Harriet-land, to get plans, drawings, and data from works an experienced practical civil engineer to EngWednesday and Thursday mornings, a little after sham to London, is forty miles; but measured on of a similar character; and in every stage of the 5 AM On each day a fox was unkennelled from the map, by a right line between the two places, is work the utmost circumspection and economy will the first cover that was drawn, and went off in fine about thirty-four miles. style. The first made a gallant run of two hours, be exercised, and every inch of ground will be thoand was killed in the field. Yesterday being a fine roughly explored before it is broken. In the mean morning and the scent rising breast high, the dogs At Barham, lately, John Jennings, aged 98. He zen to gather whatever information and facts may time, it will be judicious and politick for every citiran without a loss, and killed in one hour and ten was postman from Ipswich to Needham and Stow-fall within his reach; and it will be well to pubminutes-and the party got to town by 9 A. M. high-market fifty-two years; and then, for the thirteen lish through the newspapers whatever may appear ly gratified with their excursion, and with renovated following years, he was postman to Barham and to have a bearing on the subject, whether favourstrength and spirits; each for his respective duties Coddenham; for the last seventeen years he had able, or the reverse. not pursued his occupation. For fifty-two years he casions, seeing the immense advantages that would We are too prone on these ocwalked 18 miles every week, making a total of result from a successful completion of such a work, above 440,000 miles; or seventeen times the circuit to undervalue difficulties, and to leap from premises of the globe. to conclusions without inspecting carefully, as we ought to do, every link in the chain of deduction. But whether we regard the confidence manifested by the prompt subscription to the stock, or the judicious and able hands into which the direction is likely to be consigned-nothing can be more auspiI herewith send you a small bag of onion seed prospects. As internal improvements have been cious than the proceedings so far, and the present from Fayal, which you will accept from my son in one of the standing topicks of this journal from law, C. W. Dabney, Esq., U. States' consul for the the beginning, we shall publish the most striking Azores. The onions of Fayal are esteemed supe-facts that present themselves, as connected with rior to those of Lisbon, and equal to those of Ma-this great undertaking. The following paper was deira; and as the former island is nearly in the same communicated by a friend-a distinguished and parallel of latitude with Baltimore, they may suc-liberal citizen of Pennsylvania, as one piece of the ceed in the vicinity of your city. In order to make evidence on which his opinion is based, that the them bottom well and grow very large, they should work is impracticable. It is curious to mention, at be sown very early and in a sheltered spot; and the same time, that this very document has since when a few inches high transplanted in rows. The operation will save once hand-weeding, and is at tended with little more labour. By this method they get them of vast size in the Azores. They are and business. "Ye cits, for the chase quit the joys of the town, (From the Annals of Sporting for January, 1827.) FOX-CHASE. Tuesday, the 19th Dec. was a grand field day for the Surrey hounds, when one of the largest dog. foxes ever seen, and pretty well known to the country all round, was unkennelled in Newton wood, near Epsom, and after a severe run of two hours and a half, brought back his pursuers to the same spot-all parties greatly distressed. Here he took shelter in a cottage hard by, inhabited by old Sally King, the foster mother of many a little brat and full grown booby. Without ceremony, the wily in truder took possession of the cradle, in which lay a child; whom it awoke by placing its dirty pads on its face and dress, and kept it alarmed by its pant ing. Hereupon the old woman took away to some neighbours, whom she assured that a mad dog had DECEASE OF A GOOD ONE TO GO. EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. been shewn to us by a very estimable gentleman, one of our own citizens, amongst the very first, and most active and intelligent promoters of the railroad, to shew how feasible it is!! And, in fact, so Philadelphia, March 14, 1827. far from being discouraging, we understand from The above is one of the first public rail-ways BALTIMORE PRICES CURRENT. the best source, that the annual expense per mile of which has been laid in this country, and has been our turnpikes, is about four hundred dollars! down I suppose about thirty or thirty-five years, TOBACCO-Inspected in the three State warehouses The Lehigh Company is constructing a rail-way, and is of cast iron on stone sleepers, viz. of the old last week, 418 hhds. There is no material change in to convey their coal from the mine to the river, a plan. You may rely upon this being a correct state- the tobacco market--some little is selling; the prices are about the same, and may be quoted as last week. distance of nine miles. Two miles of it are comment; for the gentleman who furnished it to me, is Second as in quality, $3 00 a 8 00-Common crop, 3 00 pleted, and the whole is expected to be done by the my particular friend, and is particular in accounts, a 3 50-Do. red, 4 00 a 4 50-Good red, 5 00 a 6 00first of June. A correspondent of the Miner's Jour- so as to ascertain the wear and tear of all things Fine red, 7 00 a 8 00-Yellow and red, 7 00 a 10 00nal, who describes it, gives the several items, and under his charge. Rail-ways, if properly construct- Yellow, 10 00 a 15 00-Fine yellow, 16 00 a SO 00-Virsets down the cost per mile at $1400-but that ed, must unquestionably be better adapted gener-ginia fat, 6 00 a 8 00-Rappahannock, 3 50. estimate is for a wooden rail-way, laid upon a stone ally to your climate than canals, and the system of FLOUR-Inspected last week, 10,469 bbls. Baltimore; foundation, where great local facilities exist. dead levels and inclined planes, of steep ascents, is Susquehanna do. 3740 bbls.; half bbls. 1233. We quote the best with fixed engines to draw up the wagons; 5 00 a 5 25-do. white family, 6 50 a 6 75-Wheat, good, Susquehanna at 5 00 a 5 124-Baltimore, Howard street, which engines should have a considerable excess of 100 a 1 10-Corn, 46 a 48-Rye, 75-Oats, 374 a 42TO THE EDITOR OF THE AMERICAN FARMER, power to be profitably employed in grinding corn, Flaxseed, 75-Barley, 1 00 a 1 374-Clover seed, red, Sir, The extracts from Mr. Hartley's letters are &c. &c. in order that there should always be suffi- 6 00 a 6 50, on the fall-Timothy seed, 3 50 a 4 00important. The cost per annum of keeping a rail-cient power in motion to attach to wagons when- Herds' grass, 1 50 a 2 00-Millet, 0 75 a 1 00-Irish poway of seven miles in repair, 981. sterling, should ever they might arrive. tatoes, (seed,) 50 a 62-Corn meal, per cwt. 1 25. deter us from an experiment where the material is WHISKEY, (in bbls.) $0 334-do. (in hhds. 0 32-Plaster, pr bbl. 12 a 1 25-do. per ton, 3 75-Bacon, Balmore costly. The location of the rail-way in regions almost inaccessible, and where none reside capable timore hams, 9 00 a 10 00-do. hog round, 6 00 a 7 00— do. country, 5-Butter, in kegs, No. 1 to 3, cwt. 8 00 a of making the repairs required. How would a 15 00-Lard, do 8 50 a 10 00. stationary engine, which should get out of order, when it shall be located on the ridges of the Alleghany, be repaired? What could be done to restore the broken machinery of a locomotive engine, which should call for such repair between the moun tains and the Ohio? MARYLAND AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. The Trustees of the Maryland Agricultural Society are notified, that their next meeting will be COTTON, Virginia, asking $10 00 a 11 00-Upland, fair, held on Thursday, the 12th inst., at the residence 10 00 a 11 50-Louisiana, 11 00 a 14 00-Carolina, 10 00 of S. W. Smith. A full meeting is now earnestly a il 00. FISH-Herrings, per bbl. old, $2 50 a 3 00called for. Should indispensable business cause Mackerel, No. 1, $6 25-do. No. 2, 5 25-do. No. 3, 425 the absence of any of the members, the propriety-Shad, per barrel, 6 00-do. do. trimmed, 5 50 a 6 00. of giving notice of that fact is respectfully suggestFEATHERS, per lb. 29 a 30. ed. I beg you to receive this communication in the spirit in which it is written. I love to see the ef forts of Baltimore for internal improvement, and deplore their misdirection. I have no local feelings. RINALDO. That noble specimen of a noble This day I strenuously supported the propriety of a race of animals has returned to Talbot county, in law to authorize a canal on the east side of the this state, the prospect of encouragement in this Susquehanna to tide water. I desire canals, that vicinity not holding out sufficient inducement to our country, all our country, may be improved, and retain him here. Most people will sooner send not that capitals may be swollen. I shall rejoice, if their mares to an old fielder, or to some gangling Baltimore and Philadelphia shall double their popu- brute without a single quality, but flesh and fat, lation as consequences of internal improvements; to recommend him, provided they can get their but I shall rejoice more in the extended wealth and population of those regions in the interior, which will have by those improvements become connected with our cities. Call on me freely for any information in my power. Yours, &c. [Extract from August 7, 1826.] I cannot but think that in your country, )Pennsylvania) rail-ways must be much superior to canals, partly in consequence of the severity of your winters, and the drought of your summers, provided the rail-ways be so constructed as to be immoveable by the frost, which is no difficult matter to accomplish. The rail-way from this city (Liverpool) to Manchester, a distance of about thirty-four miles, is now in progress. services for $5. So they get a colt, they care Rinaldo is a splendid specimen of the Sir Archy [Extract from November 1, 1826.] I have now to inform you that on applying to the agent of a certain rail-way, which has been more extensively used than any other in this part of the country, and who, perhaps, pays more attention to his duties than most other men, informs me thus. "I consider the annual expenditure upon our railway rather high, and particularly in 1825, which was chiefly owing to the increased quantity of trade, a and the great advance in the price of iron rails. The annual expense on six miles, on an average of seven years with a trade of 100,000 tons per annum, 1819, l. st'g. 419 15 94 397 3 0 258 1 21 376 14 3 605 15 10 703 9 4 1355 931/2 1820, 1821, 1822, 1823, 1824, 1825, LIVE STOCK-Beef, good, on the hoof, $5 00 a 5 50— Hogs, good pork, 4 00 a 4 50-Lambs, 2 00-Mutton, 2 00 a 4 50--Veal, 3 00 a 5 00-Chickens, retail, 18 a 25-Eggs, per dozen, 10 a 124 cts. LEWIS SUTTON & Co. P. S.-Owing to Mr. Biscoe's other engagements, he is compelled to withdraw. The connection, however, is equally suitable to serve the public. L. SUTTON. present price. 118.50* PRICES OF STOCKS. do. Commercial and Farmers' Bank, 100 300 228.00† 300 343.00 75 75.50 9 9.12 20 26.00 (div. off,) CITY STOCKS. 100 Corporation 6 per cent. redeema- (none in market, ROAD STOCKS. Annuities, or Ground Rents, Frederick, (div. off,) do. . 100 22220 Baltimore Water Company, (div. off,) 50 CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 105 100 50 30.00 85.00 14.50 133.00 800.00* par and int. U. STATES' STOCK. Gas Stock, * Printed every Friday, at Five Dollars per annum, for JOHN S. SKINNER, Editor, by JOHN D. Tox, corner of St. Paul and Market-sts., where every description of Book and Job Printing is handsomely executed. No. 4.-VOL. 9. AGRICULTURE. AMERICAN FARMER-BALTIMORE, APRIL 13, 1827. SCHOOLS FOR TEACHING AGRICULTURE, J. S. SKINNER, Esq. Dear Sir,-In sending to you for publication in the Farmer, the enclosed letters from Mr. Fellenberg and Mr. Woodbridge, I trust no vanity will be imputed to me, from their frequent application of the terms patriotic and philanthropic, to the views I have suggested relative to new institutions for education in the United States. My chief motives in the suggestions and attempts I have made on this subject, have been, the education of my particular family, and the families of those friends, who are partial to institutions out of the atmosphere of large cities, for the education of their children; I therefore have no claim to the epithets which these gentlemen have bestowed on my feeble efforts. tional character. 25 The great basis of the plan, is agriculture, taught | of Mr. F. has led him to mention my name to you, theoretically and practically, in institutions in the and leads me to remark that I sympathize entirely country, with all the concomitant branches of sci- in the views and feelings expressed in your commu ence, which are useful in its pursuit, as the business nication to Mr. Fellenberg, which he was good of life, as well as all that conduces to make its paths enough to shew me, and that I have resolved to depleasant, to those whose resources are not derived vote the remnant of a constitution, greatly impaired by previous efforts in the promotion of education in solely from their labour and industry. Its further development is reserved for future our country, in such way as Providence may indinumbers. cate on my return. A.M. Your most ob't serv't, I was originally compelled to visit Europe on account of my health, but have lost no opportunity of gaining information on this subject, which my health [Copy of a letter from Emanuel de Fellenberg to and circumstances have allowed me. As you perAnthony Morris, Esq.] ceive, I have passed three months at Hoffwyl, solely with this object in view, and have only to regret that my partial knowledge of the German language rendered my means of observation imperfect, and that this period (the utmost I could devote) was so inadequate to the study of a system so great in extent, and so complete in its minute arrangements. I regret greatly to learn, from your letter of the 25th of October ult., that my reply to your first letter has been lost. I assure you, sir, that I am deeply impressed with the truth and importance of the ob- Should my limited means and health permit, I servations which you have addressed to me, and the design to pass the next summer in Germany, and more so, as the solution of the most interesting the following winter in France and Great Britain, in problem to humanity, appears to me to depend on examining the institutions of education, and it will the manner in which those observations may be re-give me great pleasure if I can promote your noble duced to practice in Pennsylvania. and philanthropic views, either during my residence abroad, or on my return home. Should you favour me with any communications in Europe, I beg you to addres them as indicated below, and I shall, on my return, receive letters through my friends, Professor Hare, of Philadelphia, or Profes sor Silliman, of Yale College. Individual feelings, wishes, and interests, are; however, so necessarily connected with the general effects of a well adapted system of education to the agricultural interests of the union, that it would be impossible to obtain those gratifications and blessIt would afford me peculiar happiness if I could ings which may be of selfish origin, but by the sucsupply, from my institution, the professors and ascess of plans which are of a social, and even a na-sistants which may be requisite there; but I have only attained, by the efforts of thirty years, and the application of my whole fortune, one complete and connected class of associates and assistants, such as was requisite to realize my plans at Hoffwyl; I have also perfectly succeeded in establishing in different parts of Europe thirteen schools for the labouring classes, this success has sufficed to prove that my plans are not Utopian, and that we may expect to realize from them the results to which our views are directed, as soon as the true friends of humanity shall determine to establish institutions proportioned to the importance of the objects of their ef Mr. Fellenberg's system, as conducted at Hoffwy! in Switzerland, has appeared to me, from an actual view of its operations and effects, admirably adapted to the great landed and agricultural interests of our country, and to the views of those who see in the cultivation of their own farms, the real sources of personal and permanent enjoyment, and of truly patriotic pursuits. It would appear to me as much a waste of time, to prove, in detail, that a practical system of education, adapted entirely to rural life, could be most successfully pursued in the country, as that such a system could not be duly developed within the walls of a city or the precincts of a college. The freedom of the fields, seems indispensable to the formation in early life of all the essential habits of the farmer, as well as to his acquisition at that period of those attachments to his paternal acres which are the surest pledge of their preservation to his posterity, and the most solid foundation of his attachment to his country. All the earliest and most durable associations of forts. At this time I am entirely alone in the practice of my theory, notwithstanding the colossal reputation which it has pleased divine Providence that Hoffwyl has obtained. My school for the labouring classes amounts to one hundred and twenty-eight, which, though a large number for my limited fortune, is small, on the scale of utility for which it was designed. I think, sir, that I have expressed to you verbalthe mind, are essentially different when formed by ly the great error I committed in relying too much man, on his own farm, or native fields, from those on the favourable dispositions and aid of my conwhich originate in the habits of city life; even his temporaries, after I should have proved to them the moral principles may be said to be different, in these practicability and efficiency of my plans. The scenes; or to be so differently directed in their pur-proofs have been made and demonstrated, but my suit, as to constitute entirely different characters, contemporaries have possessed so little of really and the best writers on education have insisted practical philanthropy, that they have remained samost on the influence of early associations, in aid of tisfied with the demonstration of the problem, without further attention to it, and consequently without moral principles. giving to it the extensive effect and operation at which I aimed. I am induced, at the request of Fellenberg, to state my views to you, and to suggest that the retired situation of Hoffwyl, is deemed by him essential to the success of his plan, and, therefore, to inquire, whether Bristol is sufficiently secluded from the influence of evil examples, and the corrupting intercourse with village society. I beg you to be assured of my entire devotion to the great objects you have in view, and of my anx ious wishes for your success, &c. Very respectfully, &c. MR. SKINNER, FARMERS. Montgomery county, Md., Feb. 1827. I have lately witnessed a dialogue between two of my neighbours, with which I felt so much interestYet, no education attainable in the United States, ed that I cannot resist the temptation to give you the outlines, for publication, if you think proper.is now adapted to the interests, or the indinations Mr. William C. Woodbridge, one of your coun- It took place between a Mr. Hopeful and a Mr. Cerof those who are the proprietors, or the possessors of the soil. Some of our systems tend to eminence trymen, has been in my institution three months; Itainty, two farmers, as they rode along the road, in the learned professions, others are wel adapted wish you to avail yourself of his information. He and originated from the circumstance of Mr. Hopeto make military men, some also, of late, point to is a gentleman of the most excellent character in ful's horse having fallen down with him, and his improvement in the mechanic arts, and many pro- every essential requisite, and capable of being very rider's narrow escape from a broken neck. fess to prepare for classical and literary attainments, useful in the accomplishment of your views; and while agriculture, the employment of the greatest beg you to be assured, sir, that nothing in my power number of our citizens, has no where found in the will be omitted that may conduce to the advanceUnited States, a place of exclusive, or even of par-ment of intentions so laudable, philanthropic, and patriotic. ticular instruction, where the wealthy mght secure to their children their possessions, by the practical knowledge which is necessary to their preservation, and where they would at the same time acquire the [Copy of a letter from Mr. William C. Woodbridge moral principles and the tastes which are essential to their enjoyment. EMANUEL DE FELLENBERG. to Anthony Morris, Esq.] I SIR, Paris, February 5, 1827. This deficiency in the United States, it is the ob- I have the honour to forward to you, through the ject of what (in honour of its founder) may be call-medium of Mr. Brown, a letter committed to my ed the Fellenberg system, to supply. charge by Mr. Fellenberg of Hoffwyl, the kindness No. 4.-VOL. 9. Mr. Hopeful. Confound the horse. This is the third time he has been near killing me. Mr. Certainty. Well, Mr Hopeful, I am astonished that you should persist in riding him. H. Bless your soul, man, what am I to do? I own six horses, for which I have paid nearly as many hundred dollars; there is only this and one of my carriage horses that can make any headway at travelling, and as for the carriage horse he even blunders in harness. C. Well, sir, what you are to do, I know not; but I can tell you what I would be at pretty quickly. H. Indeed, sir, I would be thankful for any in formation that would be likely to enable me to procure a good saddle horse. That is to say, one that could carry me safely and easily to myself, say fifty or sixty miles in a day upon an emergency, without being distressed. pense. may be, notwithstanding it may seem a little para- I am happy to inform you that my agricultural T. R. machine has been here universally approved of.[* NOTE BY THE EDITOR.-Mark Anthony has The enclosed certificate, which I would thank you And if I could pos- been bought for $1500, and taken on behalf of a to publish, must, I think, cause it to be received sibly procure him, I would cheerfully pay two hun-spirited agricultural society, to New Jersey, where into general use. In Mr Rowand, I have met with dred dollars for another that could lie by the side there are already subscribed to him one hundred a warm and efficient friend. It is to his kind offices of the hounds" for a few hours. Would you ad- mares at $20 each! Rinaldo has been sent back to that I am chiefly indebted for the facilities which vertise for a horse of this description, sir? C. No, sir. In that case you might possibly be im- the Eastern Shore, it appearing, by the best advice have been afforded me of introducing it to the pubwe could get, that in the neighbourhood of Balti-lick notice, and for the favourable reception it has posed upon by some jockey. You say you would give more he would, at $15, stand no chance against the met with. But he is ever ready to patronize any a generous and even a high price. Now, for the pre- $5 old-fielders! Yet, of all things the most difficult thing that may tend to promote the cause of agrisent procure a three or four year old colt or two, to find, and the most ready of sale, for at least $200, culture. From what I have seen on his plantation, that have come of mares that have performed well, is a first rate saddle horse of stoutness and good and learned from others, it may not be saying too and that have for their sires such horses as are cer- action!-such a horse as Rob Roy, or Mark Antho- much to pronounce him one of the most intelligent tainly of the purest "blood" and the best stock. Break these with care, and your present wants are ny, or Rinaldo, would be sure to give by a good and enterprising agriculturists of this state. To mare. Hence it is, that we in Maryland pay thouhim, are we indebted for what he modestly terms supplied at once. Then look out for a young mare sands of dollars every year into the pockets of the the nondescript hedge; but which, in honour of its that as much can be said in favour of, and buy her sensible Jersey farmers for horses-not that we do enlightened inventor, should be transmitted to posat almost any price rather than miss. You will not, on the score of economy, rear horses; but be-terity by the name of "the Rowand hedge." I, for then have an opp rtunity of raising horses of cause under our "penny wise, pound foolish" sys-one, will give it no other. The beauty and value of the very first order, at comparatively a small ex- tem, we send our mares to worthless, cold blood this can only be appreciated by those who have ed, cheap covering horses. Mark Anthony, that seen it. It is now just getting into bloom. Mr. II. I perceive, sir, that your plan is plausible; but Mr. Hopeful never saw, could not get through Phi Rowand has tastefully introduced among it a pecuit strikes me that there are great difficulties in the ladelphia without being gazed at as though he had liar species of yellow jessamine, with which the way. In the first place, there is not a single horse been a lion in the streets; nor without getting in woods abound, and also interspersed here and there in our county of the description you mention the papers. Accordingly, we find the following no- various coloured roses, which, combined with the large white blossom of the nondescript, form altogeC. One thing at a time, sir. You say there is no "Communication.-It must afford the public great As a hedge alone, it is excelled by none. ther the most lovely sight that ever the eye beheld. such horse in the county. Do you mean by that. When that there is none in the state, or none in the coun-pleasure and satisfaction to observe the great exer three years old, neither cow nor horse will attempt ty? Where is Nathan Luff'borough's horse Rab tions that have been lately made in the state of New to pass; and at five, hardly a sparrow can get Roy, Charles Sterett Ridgely's Mark Anthony, and Jersey and the state of Pennsylvania, to improve through. Although but a few years have elapsed the breed of that noble, elegant, and useful animal, H. I have never seen either of them; are they the horse. For many years past, good horses have since the first slip was set out, yet Mr. Rowand has been scarce, and very difficult to be procured; but already many miles of it upon his plantation, and very fine horses, sir? the zeal and exertions lately manifested by a number to have seen a pannel of fence upon the place. he is still adding to it every year. I do not rememH. Where were they raised? Can you tell me? ber of individuals to improve the breed of horses, Even his farm pens are enclosed with it. He showC. Yes, sir. They were all three raised by Mr. will remove the difficulty we have experienced, and ed me, also, the finest growth of oats I ever saw. John Randolph, of Roanoke; and if you will ex- enable our citizens and others, at no distant period, One lot contained fifteen acres, besides two others amine a stud book that Mr. Skinner has in his posto procure fine horses for the saddle and harness; of eight or ten each; all drilled in rows fifteen session, you will find that their stock is equal to and most sincerely do I hope that those persons en- inches apart, and worked entirely with the hoe. I that of any horses in this, or any other country. And here you have lived and rode tumble-down horses, within a few hours' ride of two of them, and and Mr. Skinner's Rinaldo? C. Of the very first order. have never seen either, and, in fact, know nothing about them. Did you never hear of those horses, sir? H. Yes, sir, I have heard something of them, I think; but I always viewed the circumstance of raising a fine horse as a thing pretty much out of my reach. C. Well, now let me ask you a question, sir. Suppose all others had done in this matter precisely as you have-do you think that at this time there would have been a dozen fine horses in the whole state? tice in the National Gazette. understand that this is the only method practised here, the growth of grass and weeds being too rapid to allow its being sowed broad cast. While they have the labour necessary for the drill culture, they need not regret their inability to pursue our slovenly method. gaged in this laudable undertaking, will be remunerated for their praiseworthy exertions and trouble. These remarks were induced by seeing a horse lately arrived in this city from the state of Maryland. He is one of the most beautiful horses that has been seen here for many years; he passed through here on Saturday last on his way to Salem, But what surprises me most, is the little use made New Jersey. He was purchased for the use of the here of the plough. A Virginia planter would Agricultural Society of the County of Salem. He was raised by the honourable John Randolph, of scarcely believe that two are a full complement for a farm working 50 or 100 negroes; and that many Virginia; and for size, action, and perfect symme- extensive plantations have none at all. I am told try, not exceeded by any horse I have ever seen that it is but a few years since they were introduchis neck and head have the beauty of the swan, and when he is in motion, he has all the agility of ed; for I will not speak of that wretched caricature the fox He is a colt from the highly celebrated upon husbandry they call a shovel plough. One horse, Sir Archy-and half brother to all the first great preventive to the use of the plough and harrow, is the slovenly method practised here in clearrate racing horses, such as John Richards, Betsy ing lanc. When a planter undertakes to clear a Richards, Henry and others. As citizens of Phila-field, he thinks he has nothing to do but to fell the delphia, we are much indebted to New Jersey for C. With what, sir, but first rate horses-the very most of the fine carriage horses we have. We trees, chop off the limbs and burn the brush-as to thing we want; and then a really fine horse would may, therefore, look forward in anticipation, a few removing the stumps and trunks, it is what never enters his mind. He knows very well that they will cost no more than you now have to pay for an ordi- years, when our city will be supplied with that most rot, in tine; but before this takes place, the soil is nary one, for this very good reason, that it costs no useful animal from the lower counties of that state; worn out and then more land must be cleared. I more, no not a cent more, to raise such a horse, as you would now be willing to pay $200 for, than such an one as just now went well nigh to cost you A CITIZEN OF PHILADELPHIA." your life. And then, my word for it, you would be willing to stop and rest by the time your horse was N B. The communication from our friend in tired; and more than that, we should not so often Montgomery, was by some accident until now overhear you say that you did not know whether your looked.] dogs took the fox or not. TIGHT-REIN. H. Certainly not. But, sir, suppose you and I, and every one else who has it in his power to raise colts were to put your plan into operation, the whole country would soon be overrun with— and that they will possess more elegance of figure passed several large fields that have been in continued cultivation for twelve or fifteen years, which I might almost have crossed in any direction, by stepping upon the stumps and trunks of trees which had been felled in the clearing. Of course, nothing but the he can be used here. It is to be hoped that the example of such men as Mr. Hume, Mr. Rowand, and some others I could mention, will P. S. Now, Mr. Skinner, (between us two,) I cause a better system to be pursued. There is but think it will not be doubted, but that there is a very one way to make amends for the present low prices large family of the Mr Hopefuls, spread over the [The following letter, not written for publication, of produce, namely, by lessening the expenses of whole state of Maryland; besides a respectable num- contains so much of what is worthy of observation, cultivation. There must be more work, with fewer ber in some other places. I mean to apply the word and a tribute so justly due to the intelligence and negroes. Some of them must give place to the respectable to their numbers only, and not to their publick spirit, and publick usefulness of some gen-nule, which costs less in the first instance, is at less standing as farmers. For, however Hopeful they tiemen named therein, that we will not suppress it.] risk from sickness and casualties, and more cheaply SMITH'S AGRICULTURAL MACHINE. Yours, &c. This species of thistle is not quite so troublesome as the others, being mostly confined to thickets and fence rows, and not so formidably armed: but they are all perfect nuisances on a farm, and ought to be hunted off the premises. The Cnicus arvensis, or Canada thistle, which is so annoying as to have induced legislative enactNOTICES OF PERNICIOUS AND UNPRO-known to us, as yet: but there ought to be a bright ments against it, in New England, is happily un FITABLE PLANTS, Which infest the Farms in Chester county, Penn. No. 7. Diadelphia. Decandria. look-out kept for its approaches. Eupatorium perfoliatum. Thorough stem. Boneset. Indian sage. fed; while at the same time he will do more work [recipe, by the use of which his cows afforded an where it is pretty abundant. It is equally worthless than half a dozen. Therefore, the plough-the equal quantity and quality of milk during the winter with the other species, and requires the same treatplough-the plough. as during the summer:-"Take a bushel of potatoes, ment. F. H. SMITH. break them whilst raw, place them in a barrel stand- Cnicus altissimus. ing up, putting in successively a layer of potatoes Charleston, S. C., March 9, 1827. and a layer of bran, and a small quantity of yeast in We this day witnessed the trial of an agricultu- the middle of the mass, which is thus left to ferment ral implement for planting and cultivating cotton, during a whole week, and when the vinous taste has corn, rice, &c. invented by Mr. Francis H. Smith, pervaded the whole mixture, it is given to the cows of Virginia, of which the following is our opinion. who eat it greedily." Although the land upon which the experiment was made was rather unfavourable for the purpose, it being a hard trodden garden walk, none other being convenient, it nevertheless at one draught, threw up a list or ridge similar in every respect to that made in the usual way by the plough with three furrows. For this operation we consider two horses necessary. The list being thus formed, the proper fixtures were then applied, and at one operation the trench was opened, the seed dropped at regular distances, covered and rolled-and all much better than can be done by hand. It is equally well adapted for either corn or cotton, and may also be used for drilling rice. It was shewn to our satisfaction, that the quantity of seed to be passed at once may be regulated at pleasure. The cultiva tors were then applied so as to clear away the grass and weeds from both sides of the bed at once; and by fixing them again as they were in the first, while forming the list, they are made to hill the plant on both sides at one draught. In planting, one horse is sufficient; but in the operations of weeding and billing, two are requisite to avoid treading down the crop. A cylinder was also shewn, to be used when drilling turnip or other small seeds, which, although we did not see tried, we are convinced will answer the purpose. Being perfectly satisfied with its performance in every respect, we do not hesitate to recommend it as a useful labour-saving machine, simple in its construction, and easily repaired. It is, however, necessary previous to its being used, that the land be flushed, or broken with the plough, and that it be free from stumps or other obstructions. CHARLES E. ROWAND, FRED'K G. FRASER. March 12.-Pursuant to an invitation from Mr. Rowand, we this day attended at his plantation, to witness an experiment with Mr. Smith's agricultural machine. It was put in operation upon a piece of land that was planted in potatoes last year, but unprepared for this occasion. It threw up a list at one draught similar to that made by the plough with three furrows, and planted cotton, corn and rice to our entire satisfaction. JOS. F. OLFEAR, F. TOUCHSTONE. These machines are made only by Sinclair & Moore, Baltimore, who are sole agerts for the patentee--price $27. Those who plant he black seed cotton, should state it in their orders, as in this case a slight alteration is necessary in the construction, to prevent passing too many seed at once; other wise they are always made adapted to the green seed. WINTER FOOD FOR COWS. Trifolium arvense. Stone clover. Welsh clover. but easily deposed by improving the land and inA plant of no value, abundant in poor old fields; troducing other species of clover, or useful grasses. SYNGENESIA. AEQUALIS. Leontodon taxacum.. Dandelion. This foreigner is completely naturalized in all our pastures, and upland meadows. It is of no value to the agriculturist; but is not so much of a nuisance as to have attracted particular attention, or induced any efforts to eradicate it. M. Chabert, the director of the Veterinary school at Alfort, had a number of cows which yielded twelve gallons of milk, every day; in his publication on the subject, he observes that cows fed in the winter upon dry substances, give less milk than those which are kept upon a green diet, and also that their milk loses much of its quality. He published the following Sonchus oleraceus. Sow thistle. A worthless foreigner, frequent in gardens and cultivated lots, and requiring some attention to keep it in subjection. This, and all other useless or in jurious plants, which produce seeds in great num bers, ought to be destroyed before they arrive at maturity. One or two native species of sonchus, of no greater value than the foregoing, are frequent along fence rows, &c.; but they rarely intrude into open grounds, and are not troublesome. Vernonia noviboracensis. Iron weed. This is an obnoxious weed, especially in low meadow grounds, where negligent farmers are too apt to let it flourish. A moderate degree of care in cutting it out by the roots, will suffice to keep it down. The V. præalta, a larger species, but much resembling the foregoing, is also frequent along fences and the borders of thickets, and requires similar treatment. The stems of both plants become almost woody, when mature, and are injurious to scythes. Arctium lappa. Burdock. A well known foreign weed, and quite a nuisance where it is permitted to get ahead; but no heat far mer tolerates it, to any extent, on his premises. It monopolizes much ground, and its burs are very annoying, by adhering to clothing, and matting the manes of horses and fleeces of sheep. It should be carefully cut up by the roots before the fruit is formed. The plant is often put in requisition, in the popular practice of physic; but it is of no value to the agriculturist. Cnicus lanceolatus. Common thistle. A vile foreign intruder, flourishing best on our richest land, where neglected As it produces great quantities of seed, which are widely disseminated by means of the pappus, or seed-down, it ought to be carefully extirpated before it blossoms. The and as they are biennials, they may all be subdued same remark applies to all the species of thistle; by proper attention. The negligence of a single farmer, in this respect, may prove a source of perpetual annoyance to all his neighbours. Cnicus discolor. Cnicus odoratus. This plant possesses valuable medicinal properties; but it has no value in an agricultural point of view, and is often so abundant in low, moist meadow grounds, as to be objectionable. The scythe, instrument for keeping it in due subjection. at the proper season, is perhaps the most eligible (To be continued.) 2. Siliceous Sandy Soil, or Hungry Sand. grains, deprived of moisture, gave of Fine siliceous sand. 355 grains. Carbonate of lime, or chalk Silica, or the pure matter of the Soluble vegetable and saline matters 400 Obs. This soil, which was comparatively barren without the frequent application of large portions of manure, and which had only a transient effect, was permanently fertilized by the application of tenacious clay, (No. 8.) 400 grains, deprived of moisture, gave of 3. Heath Soil, or Black Siliceous Moor Soil. Alumina, or the pure matter of clay Soluble matter, principally vegeta- Loss 65 9 2 OG G 6 1 400 |