the farmer and the government. On the farmer, by introducing, at the lowest duty, that quality of wool which the bulk of them raise; and on the government, by mixing coarse and dirty wool with finer qualities, that it may be entered at the lowest duty. If my views of the subject be correct, I feel no surprise that foreign merchants should send their wool, fraudulently packed; but that any American citizen can be found who would either practise it himself, or connive at the practice in others, is real matter of regret and astonishment, and can only be accounted for on the supposition that thoughtlessness or party feeling, has led them into measures so preg nant with mischief, whether we consider it either in a moral or political view. WOOL AND WOOLLENS. Washington, March 7, 1828. SIR.-In reply to your inquiry as to the effects of the bill reported to the House of Representatives by the committee on manufactures, in reference to wool and woollens, we hand you herewith a statement showing its operation, as contrasted with the provisions of existing laws. We think it proper to remark, that we have calculated the duties on woollen fabrics, only at the minimum points of the proposed bill, deeming the assumption that goods would be imported varying from these points, so as to subject them to double duties, to be founded in error; because all milled eloths, suited to the actual wants and necessities of the people, might as well be imported by paying the lowest rate of duty. It is also proper to remark that the minimum of 50 cents, affords ample protection to the manufacturers of flannel. CLOTH. Second minimum of one dollar per square yard. Present duty on square yard, 361 40 Proposed duty by the bill, Gain by the proposed bill, on the manufactured article, square yard, 33 45 10/1/1 24--341 45 14--59 Third minimum of $2.50—square yard. Present duty on the square yard, Proposed duty, Manufacturer's gain on a square yard of cloth by the proposed bill, WOOL. MAPLE SUGAR. The season has now arrived for manufacturing this important, necessary and useful article, which is a production peculiar to our own state. No state in the union, perhaps, produces so large a quantity of sugar-maple, as Vermont; and considering our inland situation, it may be justly esteemed one of the signal blessings of a beneficent providence. It affords to the farmer an opportunity to obtain, by his own industry, independent of any other portion of the globe, a supply of sugar for his family, for the purchase of which, he would otherwise have to draw from the products of his labour in the field, and which he now acquires without trespassing, to any considerable degree, upon the claims of any of the other branches of his farming business. Besides, many farmers find, in the manufacture of maple sugar, no inconsiderable sources of revenue, in addition to the amount of the article which is required for their own consumption. All their surplus finds a ready market, and at a price which affords a decent profit, thus enabling them to turn their la3 bour, during a season of the year when little else can generally be done upon a farm to advantage, to some good account. This should induce those who have sugar-orchards in our country, to furnish themselves with a sufficient supply of those materials necessary for an advantageous improvement of the sugar season. Much depends on a close 'and seasonable attention to those points, both as to the quality and quantity of the sugar which may be made, and of course as to the value of the manufacture. The buckets should be well cleansed and kept clean through the whole season. Great care should also be taken to keep the sap clear of all manner of dirt and filth. Then, with an ordinary share of skill in reducing the syrup to sugar, it may be made nearly as white as the loaf-sugar, an object surely worthy of the careful attention of all who are engaged in this sweet employment. [Vermont paper. 201 17 91 $1 00 8 90 101 491/2 $1.50 90 33-1 23 27 Fourth minimum of $4.00—square yard. Gain on the square yd. of cloth to the WOOL. do. do. MANUFACTURE OF COTTON IN THE J. S. SKINNER, ESQ. SOUTHERN STATES-NO. XX. March 22d, 1828. Dear Sir,-You have much reason to congratulate yourself on the service you have rendered to your country by your remarks, published at various 83 times, in your useful paper, on the employment of slaves in manufactures in the southern and western states. There are few individuals, even in the 183 northern states, so hardy as to deny to the blacks, the capacity requisite to fabricate all the heavy goods which can be made by machinery, out of cotton. A few years ago, a northern man would have ridiculed the idea of a slave becoming an operative in a cotton factory. Now it is in contemplation to employ great numbers of them in this way, in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and in most 293 of the south western states. In Tennessee and Kentucky, they have been long known as the best hands in the factories where hempen goods, to a great amount, have been manufactured; and it has been correctly remarked, that the owners of establishments who have used that species of labour, have almost uniformly become wealthy. It is with 921 much satisfaction, that I notice, in a Charleston paper, a proposition to establish factories for the pur$2 421 pose of making bagging out of cotton, instead of giving vast sums to Europe for inferior articles made of hemp. The oath of Mr. Marshall, before the committee of Congress, establishes the fact, that cotton can be shipped to Liverpool, in cottonbagging, more safely than in Dundee or Kentucky 43 bagging, and that the cotton spinners would buy 29 the cotton packed in such bales, in preference; and he likewise shews, that the bagging will not cost half as much if made at home, as has usually been paid for it when imported. According to his esti $1 50 49-1 99 14 of that of Alabama, as I had imagined. The letter reaping corn, destined for the mill, is when the On the 20th of the present month, I discovered in my garden, several strawberries in bloom, and some in fruit. I have no doubt, had corn been planted on the first of February last, it would have been not far bebind that stated in the Alabama notice. The harbingers of spring, (the martins,) have this day announced the advent. In the full belief that a statement of facts, which may, when accumulated, assist in directing the judgment on agricultural designs, should not be anonymous, I have the honour to subscribe myself, Yours, very respectfully, POTATOES FOR SEED.-It seems to be a received that Professor Schoen's rule as to grain, should be opinion among the horticulturists of Great Britain, reversed in regard to this root-that these must be ed for the table. It also appears from numerous exgathered in an unripe state for seed, and fully maturperiments, that the upper or seed end of the tuber, will produce roots a fortnight earlier than the lower end, connected with the runner. From the same tained, at intervals of two weeks, the seed being variety of seed, four successive crops may be obplanted at the same time and on similar soil, viz: the first from the upper set of the unripe seed; the second from the bottom set of the same; the third from the top end of the ripe seed; and the fourth from the bottom set of the same. mates, it may be furnished to the planter at about fourteen cents, of a most excellent quality, and forty-two inches in breadth. Having employed an experienced manufacturer to examine Mr Marshall's testimony, be assured me that it could be afforded, safely and certainly, in our cotton growing states, at somewhat less than fourteen cents, and was will ing to engage, (if furnished with $25,000 to procure machines and put up the necessary buildings, which could be got ready in less than twelve months,) that he would manufacture, weekly, 6,000 yards of this article at that price. With cotton at the present price, cheap provisions and cheap slave labour, it is the opinion of every manufacturer, with whom I have conversed, that Mr. Marshall's estimate is a correct one. If the corporate companies now form ing in Virginia, manage their concerns with ordi nary prudence and skill, this business must succeed; and it is easy to calculate, that immense advantages must result. The report of the committee of North Carolina, corroborates all the doctrines which you have published on this subject, and gives great reason to hope, that some of the capital wasted in the purchase of British goods, may be directed to the establishment of manufactures, which are of primary importance to the southern states. It is said that foreign goods have fallen from five to fif- COTTON SPINNING MACHINE-WANTED. teen per cent. within the last month, and yet the MR. SKINNER, Harrisville, Ky, March 17, 1828. people of the south and west are purchasing as Sir, You published some time last year (vol. 9, eagerly as if the market, both of goods and of cot- No. 18, p. 140,) that a Mr. W. R. M'Call, of Illiton, were on the rise. What will be the conse-nois, had constructed a cotton spinning machine for From Worms fed on the common country Mulberry. quence? The cotton, low as it is, must still fall, eight or more spindles, to which would be affixed a Fancy Grove, Sangarno county. Illinois, and merchants must break, and the whole commu- carding frame. That both were intended for famiMR. SKINNER, February 29, 1828. nity suffer incalculable distress and misery. As the ly use; would cost about $12.00; and agents apSir,-Knowing your friendly disposition towards foreign manufacturer is enabled, by the low price of pointed for their sale shortly. Having seen nothing encouraging domestic economy and home manufaccotton, to manufacture goods still cheaper and since in the American Farmer on that subject, and ture, I have ventured to enclose to you a specimen cheaper, the inducement to cultivate that article, such machine, if found to answer a good purpose, of raw silk made from the black mulberry, which must be withdrawn, and the energy of the south be being extremely desirable, with me at least, I should grows in great abundance in this state. completely paralyzed. Instead of wasting our re- be glad to know what has become of the invention; manufactured a quantity of it into sewing silk of sources in cultivating more cotton, let us lay hold of and if it is come to perfection, where the machine different colours, which has been tried by a number that power which machinery will give to those men may be had, its merits, price, &c. of tailors, and pronounced to be of the best quality. who have had sense to employ it. There are no persons here acquainted with silk A VIRGINIAN. raising sufficiently to judge of the difference between this, and such as is made from the white mulberry. JOSEPH E. MUSE. if I would also ask you the favour to inform me, HORTICULTURE. We have We can make any quantity of this kind, and I am fully of opinion, that a family, where there are a number of young boys and girls, with some one to manage the business properly, can clothe themselves with silk, and with less labour than with cotYours, very respectfully, N. B. The loss occasioned by the fall of one cent on cotton, per pound, in the southern states, would purchase all the machinery necessary to fabricate all the bagging and all the negro clothing wanted for the consumption of those states.* Machinery is now imported from England, in great abundance, to New York and Philadelphia. After paying insu- PHILADELPHIA SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING AGRICUL-ton or flax. rance against the risk of seizure, (about fifteen per cent. it is still much cheaper than that which is made in the northern states. The machinists of England are anxious to encourage this market for their machines, and many of them could be induced to come out with them. There will be no difficulty in obtaining them from New England. EARLY VEGETATION. J. S. SKINNER, Esq. Cambridge, March 26, 1828. Dear Sir,-I am pleased to see that your corres pondents occasionally remit to you, for record in the Farmer, indicia of the relative progress of vegetation in the different sections of our extensive country, of various climes and soils. I observed in your last number, a communication dated Cababa, (Alabama,) Feb. 25, 1828, which places the Maryland spring not so much in the rear TURE. Extract from the Minutes of the Philadelphia Society "Resolved, That the society highly approve of S. STILLMAN. [This sample, like all the others we have seen of silk from worms fed on our country mulberry, is su perior to imported silk.] APRICOT-PLUM-PEACH. The Apricot came originally from whence it takes its name of Armeniaca, and was Armenia, introduced into England in 1562. The Plum is generally supposed to be a native of Philadelphia, 3d mo. 4, 1828. [FORSYTH. Preventive against Birds taking Seeds out of the Ground.-If some thin light coloured twine, or white HARVESTING GRAIN-Professor Schoen, of Ger-worsted, be stretched tight across the beds in which * Estimating the crop at 950,000 bales, of 300 pounds many, says, "every description of bread-corn, when seeds are sown, at the distance of about two inches each, the fall of a cent a pound, or three dollars per intended for seed, should attain complete maturity from the surface of the beds, and about 2 or 3 feet bale, will be $2,850,000, which, if invested in machines, before it is reaped; but on the contrary, when corn from string to string, small birds will not touch would soon change the present dependent condition of is to be converted into flour, it should be cut eight or either seeds or the young plants of onions, against the southern people It is obvious, that until the pre-nine days before it be fully ripe" "Experience," sent system in the south is radically changed, it is vain to expect good prices for cotton, either at home or abroad. Should it fall to two cents per pound, it would be a blessing to the south as it would create new reSources, and obviate impending ruin. says he, has proved, that such grains as from ma- which sparrows seem to have a particular spite, as they pull them up by hundreds, and leave them lying upon the surface of the beds, but do not appear to eat them. This is the most effectual method I have ever seen employed, and it is a very old one. No. 3-VOL. 10.] RURAL ECONOMY. FARNHAM'S GRATER CIDER MILL. [It was in the Salem Observer, if we recollect rightly, that we saw the Cider-mill, advertised below, highly spoken.] A full-sized mill of this description, without the horse-power or gearing, can be erected for less than eight dollars, which will embrace all the patent or grinding part. The following certificate, similar to many others published, will show its superiority over all others now in use. It is simple in its construction, and combines cheapness and durability, with the above advantage. For a small farm, a machine to be turned by two men, would answer the purpose. We therefore cheerfully recommend it to the patronage of the public. J. H. SIOAN. SPORTING OLIO. But it is to insure solid comfort, instead of this tution; and the only remedy is the union of the delusive sweetness, this enchantment, which dis-parties. But in allowing the truth of this descriptance spreads over the future, that the acquisitions tion of the effect of disappointment in the tenderof experience are demanded to temper and rein in est of all the passions, I would inquire whence the the fervour of youth. If a female marry before evil proceeds? Is it not the result of an error in twenty--her disposition lively, but temper ardent, female education? Does it not arise from the early and her love of novelty and pleasure still at its impression which every girl receives, that marriage ardent height-what is the consequence? Visit- is the best and most important object of her life, ings, late hours, dancing, and other dissipations, and from the anxiety of every mother to push off into which she probably will enter, will prove most her daughters as soon as they have arrived at that injurious to her health when she is about to become period of life which has been erroneously fixed as Were this altered, and a mother; and more certainly if she have already the marriageable age? acquired that important character, independent of young women impressed with the idea that marriage the hazard which must also endanger, not merely before the age of twenty-four or twenty-five, is both Woodbury, N. J., March 20, 1828. the health but the life of an infant, which is applied injurious to health, and likely to hazard their future We, the subscribers, having inspected Joel Farn- to the breast of a mother, either in such a state of felicity, the passion which is awakened prematurely ham's patent grater Cider-niill, are of opinion that feverish excitement or of exhaustion as is likely to would seldom be indulged before the constitution is it is decidedly to be preferred to the nut or roller be the case in a lady returning from a ball, or a confirmed, and the judgment sufficiently matured mills heretofore in use. It will grind more apples crowded evening party. Women also, under the to make that selection which is more certain of inwith the same power, in the same space of time, period of life at which it is contended marriage suring happiness than the romance and ideality of than the ordinary mill, much finer and more uni ought to take place, as they are more ardent in the majority of early marriages, on the present sysform, the skin of the apple being completely grated their anticipation, and less experienced in the af- tem. At all events, there can be no doubt of the adfine, and the seeds left whole-consequently leav-fairs of life, than those who have attained that age, vantages of the change, in reference to health. ing no part of the apple from which the juice may are also more likely to suffer, if a cloud should pass not be expressed. over the brightness of the scene which they had pictured to themselves from a union with the object of their affections. This produces a slow, corroding grief, which gradually undermines the energy of their nervous system, destroys appetite, and banishes sleep; the pulse becomes languid, weak, and generally unequal; the tone of the heart is, as it were, partially paralyzed, so that the blood is sent feebly through the lungs; the general circulation also being inadequate to carry the vital current through the minute vessels of the skin, the whole body suffers, the complection becomes pale and sallow; for, the depression of the spirits deranging the functions of the liver, disappointment preys equally upon the body and the soul; and, if the individual does not sink entirely, she drags on a life of wretchedness and chagrin. This is a melancholy picture, but it has been too often realized; and many are the love matches, rashly entered into between young people, which have exhibited, in a Hunting is so deeply interesting to the human few years, this sad termination. Diseases of this heart, that it is ardently followed by the savage as description, occur from matrimonial alliances at well as by the civilized man; and no doubt can be every period of life, and are referred to causes very entertained, that the inhabitants of this island, prior foreign to that from which they originate. True, to the invasion of Julius Cæsar, followed the chase, indeed, is it, that disappointment and chagrin may as well for amusement, as for the means of subsisresult from a marriage contracted at any age-yet tence; but as we are ignorant of the means which One of the most common events which follow the experience has proved that they are more frequent- they adopted to accomplish their purpose, we must attainment of adult age, of both sexes, is marriage. ly the result of unions from violent attachments in be content with the slender knowledge we possess Since this sacred compact is a state in full accor the very young and romantic, than in those whose on the subject, and proceed for further information dance with the instinctive nature of man, no disad-judgments have been matured, and their imagina- to periods when the chase was followed under what vantage in reference to health, can result from the tions moderated, by a little more acquaintance with may be called a regular and well-authenticated event itself, if both parties have reached adult age the world, than either a boy or a girl under twenty form. before it occurs; although, the artificial state of soyears of age can possess. ciety, the cares and anxieties attendant on a fami- It is but justice, however, to acknowledge, that it sumed an organized character; and no sooner had ly, especially with narrow means only for its sup- may be contended, and justly, that as much injury the Danes attained the mastery, than they instituted port, are circumstances unfavourable to the preser arises to health from ungratified love as from pre-laws for the protection of game, the increased sevation of that equanimity of temper and gaiety of mature marriage, and that this operates more sud- verity of which marked the imperious sway of the heart which are conducive to the maintenance of denly and violently, and the least capable of being Normans, and fixed an indelible stigma on the methe body. But too often the female has not arriv- controlled. In some constitutions, indeed, it shows mory of William I The Saxons were undoubtedly ed at adult age; and her health and future comfort itself only by its effects: the body wastes; the pulse much attached to hunting-the same remark will are sacrificed either to the inconsiderate vehemence becomes tremulous and irregular; deep sighs break equally apply to the Danes; while the Normans of a girlish passion, or to the baser gratification of from the chest; there is an alternate glow and flush- manifested such an invincible passion for fieldone desirous to unite itself with youth, or to the ing of the cheek, the mind becomes dejected; the sports, that the business of the chase was regarded cupidity of a parent, who is eager to get a daugh-appetite is lost; the speech falters; cold sweats and as one of the most important duties of life, by the ter advantageously settled. The constitution, in watchfulness follow, which gradually terminate in monarch and all the great men of the kingdom. few women, can be regarded as properly or firmly consumption, sometimes in insanity. Yet the pas- Hence it is not surprising, that the science of huntestablished even at twenty years of age; and, in- sion remains latent in the bosom of the sufferering should have made considerable progress under deed it would be advantageous for every woman to such ardent sportsmen; the services of that noblest pass her twenty-fourth or twenty-fifth year before of quadrupeds, the horse,* were called in to ensubjecting herself to the cares and fatigues which hance the pleasures of the chase; and the breeding the duties of a married life necessarily imposes. I of hounds seems, at this period, to have been well am well aware that this is a doctrine completely at understood, and pursued upon systematic princivariance with that romance which too often governs ples. It is true, the hounds used by the Normans, the youthful mind, when the imagination usurps the place of reason and paints the future The dimensions of a full-sized mill of the above description, with grater cylinder, for horse power, is 16 inches in diameter, and from 9 to 104 inches long, which will grind from 90 to 120 bushels per hour. LADIES' DEPARTMENT. MEDICAL REMARKS ON MARRIAGE. (By a Physician) "More sweet than all the landscapes smiling near." 'She never told her love, But let concealment, like a worm i' the bud, And with a green and yellow melancholy, The passion, corroding invariably, like intense (From the Hunting Directory.) HUNTING. When the Saxons visited this country, hunting as *It is doubtful if the horse was used in the chase prior. to the Norman Conquest. time. might be somewhat different from our modern of this animal as far preferable to any other chase, it The pope, in consequence, despatched a stocks; but they were, no doubt, well adapted to is owing almost entirely to the different aspect bull, forbidding such scandalous and oppressive vithe state of the country, and the mode of hunting which the face of the country presents, that it sits in future. then pursued; and were, in all probability, of the stands so deservedly high in the estimation of mo- The monasteries, also, produced their mighty old Talbot kind, whence have sprung, I am inclined dern sportsmen. When the early Normans follow- hunters; and William de Clowne, who is celebrated to think, all the various ramifications of the hounded the chase in this country, the game, it is true, as the most amiable ecclesiastic of his time, and tribe which may be seen in various parts of the was roused and pursued by the hounds, as I have who filled the abbacy of St. Mary, in Leicesterkingdom at the present day. already observed; but it generally received its quie- shire, is no less distinguished for his profound skill Somerville's ideas upon the subject of the hunt- tus from the hand of the sportsman, either by means in the science of the chase, which is numbered ing of our remote ancestors, perfectly agrees with of the arrow, the spear, or other weapon with among his excellent qualities; and that his kennel the opinion above expressed, as will be seen by the which he was prepared for the purpose. Under might always be well supplied with hounds, the king following quotation from his expressive and elegant such a system of the chase, a fox would appear granted him the privilege of holding a fair or marscarcely entitled to attention; nor would he, indeed, ket, for the sole purpose of dealing in dogs. form a mark sufficiently conspicuous for the arrow or the spear; and therefore, upon a transient view he was little, if at all, sought after by the old Norof the subject, it will seem no way surprising, that poem: "Devotion pure, The chase of beasts: though bloody was the deed, Or chance or industry, in after time, coasts Victorious William, to more decent rules That bore the great Pelides through the press Is bred the perfect hound, in scent and speed man sportsmen. A few illustrative observations, from an ancient writer, will show the irresistible propensity of the Normans for the chase, as well as the style and character in which they pursued it: MISCELLANEOUS. QUACK MEDICINES-Often deleterious to health, sometimes dangerous to life. [Although practical agriculture will always be the leading subject of this journal, those who have fa"In these days" says he, "our nobility esteem the voured it with their patronage are aware that we sports of hunting and hawking, as the most ho-go, as it would seem, a little out of our way to glean nourable employments, the most exalted virtues; and preserve here, what may be of real practical and to be continually engaged in these amusements utility in the every day walks of life. Of such a chais, in their opinion, the summit of human happi-racter we regard the expositions of those who exness. They prepare for a hunt with more trouble, amine and denounce such quack medicines as, being anxiety and cost, than they would for a battle, and most popular, are most extensively mischievous. follow the beasts of the forest with more fury than of all these mischievous compounds of universal they do their enemies: by being constantly engageded such a run as Swaim's Panacea. We should not efficacy and perfect harmlessness, few have obtainin this savage sport, they contract habits of barbarity, lose, in a great measure, their feelings of hu- feel justified in circulating an anonymous, as it manity, and become nearly as ferocious as the might not be a disinterested, denunciation of this beasts they pursue. The husbandman is driven, sort; but when the deleterious effect of many of together with his innocent flocks and herds, from these quack medicines is vouched for by physicians his fertile fields, his meadows, and his pastures, of high professional and private character, it seems that beasts may roam there in his stead. Should to be a duty to put the publick on their guard.— one of these potent and merciless sportsmen pass What follows is taken from an article in the last your door, place before him, in a moment, all the refreshment your habitation affords, or that can be purchased or borrowed in your neighbourhood, that you may not be utterly ruined, or perchance, accused of treason." The same writer tells us, "that the fair sex caught the predominant passion; while, we learn from other sources, that the mitre deserted its functions, and the cowl quitted the quiet retirement of the monastery, to join in the transporting pleaIsures of the chase." North American Medical and Surgical Journal, edited by five eminent physicians and surgeons of Philadelphia, and published by Messrs. Carey, Lea & Carey. The whole article is well worthy of perusal; we have room only for what follows:] "The committee, appointed by the Medical Society of Philadelphia, to inquire into the medical value of the more prominent species now sold under the assumed names of Panacea, Catholicon, Minerva Pill, &c. submit the following report: "In obedience to the requisition of the society, they have lost no time in despatching circulars to the practitioners of medicine in this city, and to a large number of physicians in various parts of the United States, from some of whom they have received in return much valuable information. "The questions growing out of this inquiry refer chiefly to the most widely known of these pretended specifics, viz. Swaim's Panacea." After giving in detail a number of cases, the committee thus state the result: Walterus, archdeacon of Canterbury, who was promoted to the see of Rochester, in 1147, totally neglected the duties of his sacred profession, and devoted his time entirely to hunting. At the age of 80, he is said to have been a keen sportsman, and Brian, Bishop of Worcester, in 1852, was distinhe died at a very advanced period. Reginaldus guished for his attention to field-sports; and in an epistle of his (now extant) to the Bishop of St. David's, he reminds him of a promise he had made to send him six couple of excellent hunting dogs. He declares his heart languishes for their arrival, "The committee, on a review of all the testimoand observes: "Let them come, then, oh! reverend ny presented to them, and a portion of which they father! without delay; let my woods re-echo with have placed before the society, find, that the claims the music of their cry, and the cheerful notes of set forth by Swaim in favour of his Panacea, as a the horn; and let the walls of my palace be decora- surpassing remedy for scrofula, and on its success ted with the trophies of the chase!" Some of these in which disease he rests so much of its merits, are clerical sportsmen, however, contrived to blend not only without support in fact, but are entirely amusement and business, as it were; and in their set at nought by the result of numerous cases, and visitations through their dioceses, they were attend- the experience of our most cautious and celebrated ed with such numbers of horses, hounds, hunts- surgeons and physicians. The opinions deduced The stag, the wolf, and the wild boar, constitut- men, and falconers, that the religious houses were from extensive observation and very many facts, ed the principal objects of pursuit; and though frequently very much distressed to provide for so during several years, by Drs. Physick, Gibson, Ranthere was no scarcity of foxes, yet these animals, numerous a retinue. About the year 1200, the dolph, and Emlen, are conclusive of the comparawhich, at present, afford a species of diversion prior and canons of Bridlington, in Yorkshire, pre- tive inefficacy of the remedy in scrofula.” which leaves all other field-sports at an immeasure- sented a formal complaint to the pope (Innocent III.) They then proceed to consider its pretended and able distance, were little attended to by the sports- against the archdeacon of Richmond, who, when boasted virtues in cancer, syphilis, mercurial disease, men of the remote period now under contempla- he made his visitations, brought such a prodigious rheumatism, ulcers in the throat, cutaneous eruptions, tion: the reason is evident-the chase of the fox number of attendants, that the complainants decla- and dyspeptic complaints, and pronounce it to be of was not understood, nor yet adapted to the state of red, that his suite consumed more provision in one no value in either. Having done so, they say: the country; and though we now regard the pursuit hour than would serve the whole community a long| "It would be a source of great gratification to The Normans went to the field, or rather, perhaps, to the forest, on horseback, armed with bows and arrows, and other weapons, and attended by a great retinue. The game was roused by the dogs, and shot at by the sportsmen, as often as opportunity offered; a considerable space was, on some occasions, encircled by toils or nets, and a sort of indiscriminate slaughter ensued, of the various animals thus enclosed. Signed by W. E. HORNER, Chairman, MIGRATION OF BUTTERFLIES. Committee. [From the January (1828) number of the Paris "Journal des Connaissances Usuelles et Pratiques.] the committee, if they could, in imitation of the but all ought to be viewed with equal mistrust, and CHINESE PAPER, BACON. ing. He that cannot look into his own estate at all, had need both choose well those whom he employeth, and change them often; for new are more timerous and less subtile. He that can look into his estate but seldom, it behoveth him to turn all to certainties. A man had need, if he be plentiful in some kind of expense, to be as saving again in some other: as, if he be plentiful in diet, to be saving in apparel; if he be plentiful in the hall, to be saving in the stable and the like-for he that is plentiful in expenses of all kinds, will hardly be preserved from decay. In clearing of a man's estate, he may as well hurt himself in being too sudden, as in letting it run too long; for hasty selling is often disadvantravel immense distances in the air, without stop-he will revert to his customs: but he that cleareth We are surprised that birds should cross seas and tageable as interest. Besides, he that clears out once will relapse; for, finding himself out of straits, ping to rest: and, indeed, it is difficult to undermals can sustain an exertion so prolonged and in-ly who hath a state to repair, may not despise small stand how the muscular strength of those little ani- by degrees induceth a habit of frugality, and gaineth as well upon his mind as upon his estate. Certaincessant. But it is, perhaps, still more astonishing, things; and commonly, it is less dishonourable to to find so feeble an insect as the butterfly transport-abridge petty charges, as stoop to petty gettings. ing itself on its wings to the greatest distances. We A man ought warily to begin charges, which once ourselves have witnessed the fact. On a voyage begun will continue-but in matters that return not which we made along the coast of Italy, there came, he may be more magnificent. when we were about thirty miles from the gulf of Salerno, a butterfly, (of the species Papilio brassica Fab.) which perched upon the mast of our vessel, and, after remaining there five or six seconds, re- Of which so much use is now made in Europe. sumed its flight towards the shore. chiefly for copper-plate impressions, is distinguishIt appears, from an account given by M. P. Hu-ed by its homogeneous texture, its smooth and silky bert, in the Bibliotheque Universelle, of August, 1826, surface, its softness and extreme fineness. It is sold that some kinds of butterflies do, in effect, migrate in very large sheets, some of which are four or five "In an evil hour, the plan of mixing corrosive like birds. It is not probable, however, that they yards long, and a yard wide. The Chinese fabrisublimate with, at least, certain parcels of his Pana-continue equally long on the wing without repose. cate their paper from different materials. In the cea was adopted; and ignorance, vexatious before, Many credible witnesses relate, that on the 10th of province of Se-Tachuen, it is made of hempen was then armed with an instrument of mischief and June, in the canton of Vaud, in Switzerland, they rags, like the paper of Europe; that of Fo-Kiew is saw an immense flock of butterflies passing over a made of the young shoots of the bambo, that of The Panacea of Swaim is on the same footing garden. They were all of that kind (Papilion belle- the northern provinces, of the inner bark of a tree, with the quack medicines that have so often pre-direction of their flight was from south to north; (morus papyrifera.) It is this paper which is most dame,) which feeds chiefly upon the thistle. The called ku-tachu, which is only the paper mulberry ceded its introduction. Imperfect admixture and suspension of the corrosive sublimate, and of course, commonly employed in China. They resort to chycomparative correctness of one portion of the syrup, mical solvents, and especially to the ley of ashes, and the most deleterious and poisonous effects of the They occupied more than two hours in passing to bring it to a soft pulp or paste; and they make other, are some of the evils attendant on its secret over the place. The column was ten or fifteen feet use of rice-water and other infusions, to render it manufacture. If to these be added the indiscrimi-wide, and its extremities reached out of sight. The properly consistent, and sufficiently moist and nate recommendation of the Panacea for every form butterflies did not alight upon the flowers, nor linof disease, to persons ignorant of what they are ger about them; but kept on their course, near the swallowing, and totally unable to foresee, and of ground, at a rapid and uniform rate. What is not course unprepared to prevent or mitigate its delete-less surprising, this same species of butterfly was nian Horticultural Society, in September, the Earl rious effects, or to avail themselves in time of the seen in Piedmont towards the close of March in the of Roxbury presiding, the following was given as counsel and assistance of their medical adviser, a same year. It is true that they tarried, here and faint idea may be entertained of the mischief which there, in the countries over which they passed; but a leading toast: "The staple exports of Scotland, Gardeners, Doctors and [other] Black Cattle." has ensued on the use of this much and so fatally always advanced from south to north. It is likely [Cal. Mer. Sept. 8. that these insects, after living on the early flowers of the south, while they last, emigrate to colder regions, to find the same plants, less precocious, still in the blossom. The want of more abundant or agreeable food, or the desire of a climate more It is intended before, or certainly by the 1st of congenial to its nature, produces in the butterfly May next, in a pamphlet, with other statistical matthat instinct or inclination that leads it from one re-ters, to notice all the Newspapers and Periodicals gion to another. were perfectly harmless." destruction." lauded nostrum." Having mentioned two particular instances in which Swaim has wholly failed in his attempts of promised cure of cancers with his Panacea, the committee thus speak of the third. from which the presence of men, though very near them, did not make them deviate. OF EXPENSE. white. SCOTCH EXPORTS.-At a dinner of the Caledo To THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPERS AND PERIODICAL WORKS THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES. in the United States, and the city or town where published, by whom, and the conditions of publication, &c. A copy, containing the above, shall be faithfully forwarded to each of you who will insert this notice once, and forward a paper or copy of the work you publish, directed to "THE TRAVELLER." Philadelphia, Feb. 28, 1828. "The third case was of a lady of Maryland, who, notwithstanding the advice of her distinguished medical attendant to avoid harsh measures for her disease, a cancer of the breast, had recourse to Swaim to cure her. He was entrusted to do that, which he never could do, on the strength of what Riches are for spending, and spending for honour he never had done. After many months of acute and good actions; therefore extraordinary expense suffering from his applications, and her disease ag- must be limited by the worth of the occasion: but gravated, she has abandoned the Panacea man, and ordinary expense ought to be limited by a man's is now under the care of Drs. Physick and Horne. estate, and governed with such regard as to be Facts of this nature are pregnant with instruction." within his compass, and not subject to deceit and "The information obtained by the committee, in abuse of servants; and ordered to the best shew, VEGETABLE LIFE.-A rather uncommon instance reply to the circular of the Medical Society, has that the bills may be less than the estimation abroad. of the tenacity of life in the vegetable kingdom, ocbeen chiefly on the subject of the Panacea of Swaim: Certainly, if a man will keep of even hand, his or-curred in the royal park at Rushby. Some small but, as far as facts have come to their knowledge, dinary expenses ought to be but to the half of his portion of it was broken up for the purpose of orthere is every reason to believe that the other Pa-receipts; and if he think to wax rich, but to the namental culture, when immediately several flowers naceas, and the Catholicon and Columbian Syrup, third part. It is no baseness for the greatest to de- sprang up, of the kinds which are ordinarily cultiare, in composition and general effects, similar to, if scend and look into their own estate. Some forbear vated in gardens. This led to an investigation, and not identical with the nostrum of Swaim. The it, not upon negligence alone, but doubting to bring it was ascertained that this identical spot had been proprietors and venders of all of them, publish ac-themselves into melancholy, in respect they find it used as a garden not later than the time of Oliver counts of wonderful cures, performed by their use; broken: but wounds cannot be cured without search Cromwell, more than 150 years before. |