ties of Kent and Surry: it is not greatly elevated; its objects are the fupply of Croydon with coals, deals, &c. and the country through which it paffes with manures and other articles, and the conveyance of its produce to the London markets, and the export of fire-ftone, flint, and fuller's earth. This company are to have a bafon for their boats to lie in at Rotherhithe, on the fouth-eaft fide of the Grand Surry entrance bason, and another by the high road near Croydon town. There are feven road bridges and 30 accommodation fwing-bridges. The company are empowered to raife 80,000l., which is not now expected to prove fufficient; the fhares are 100 7. each.

70. Croydon and Wandsworth. In September 1800, propofals were made for a canal from the river Thames at Wandf-: worth, to Croydon in Surry; but it was given up in favour of the north Surry iron rail-way.

71. CYFARTHFA CANAL. The general direction of this canal," or water level, is nearly N. W. for about 3 miles in the county of Brecknock; it was conftructed to bring coals and iron-ore from the mines in the mountains, to Cyfarthfa, near Merthyr Tidvil.

72. DARENT RIVER. The courfe of this river (called Dartford creek,) is fouth for near 3 miles in the county of Kent; it terminates near Dartford, for whofe fupply it is principally ufed.

73. DART RIVER. General direction nearly N.W. for about 10 miles in Devonshire; its principal objects feem to be the fupply of Totnefs with coals, and the country with fhell-find manure, and the export of farming produce.

74. Dean-Forest Rail-way. In 1802, it was propofed to construct a rail-way from the river Wye, near English Bichnor, to the fummit of the Foreft of Dean, its object being the carriage of coal and iron. In the preceding year the Severn and Wye rail-way was propofed to pafs nearly the fame track.

75. DEAN RIVER. At 12 Geo. III.---Direction nearly S. for about 2 miles in the county of Nottingham. The works were completed in Jan. 1797. In 1793, the Newark and Bottersford was propofed to join this at Newark.

76. DEARNE AND DOVE CANAL. Acts 33 and 40 Geo. III. General direction about N.W. for 9 miles in the Weft Riding of Yorkshire; its objects are the communication between Sheffield, Wakefield, Halifax, Leeds, Manchefter, Liverpool, &c. and the export of the coals and iron-ftone, &c. fo plentifully found on its courfe. It was completed in 1804; the company were empowered to raife 100,000 l.; the shares 100/. each. In May 1797, earl Fitzwilliam propofed, at his own expenfe, to extend the Cobcar Ing branch to his

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Elficar

Elficar collieries, on being allowed water from the Elficar refervoir.

77. DEBEN RIVER. The courfe of this river is nearly N.W, for about 10 miles in the county of Suffolk; its objects are the imports of coals, deals, &c. and exports of farm pro

duce.

78. DEE RIVER, (Aberdeen.) This river takes its courfe about weft for 2 miles, between Aberdeenfhire and Mearns county in Scotland.

79. DEE RIVER, (Chefter.) The general courfe of this river is nearly S.E. for about 22 miles in the county of Flint, and fkirting the county of Chefter. On the N.W. fide of Chefter the Ellesmere canal connects with this navigation and croffes it; at Chester this river is joined by the Chefter canal.

So. DEE RIVER, (Kirkcudbright.) The courfe of this river is nearly N. for about 6 miles in the county of Kirkcudbright in Scotland; and at the town of Kirkcudbright the Glenkens canal connects with the river.

81. DERRY CANAL. Act 33 Geo. III.-This canal runs nearly N. for about 9 miles in the county of Derby; its objects are the fupply of the town of Derby, and the export of coals and iron. There is a rail-way branch of 4 miles, to Smithey-houfes near Derby, another to Horley collieries, and another of 1 mile to Smalley mills. This canal is 44 feet wide at top, 24 at bottom, and in general 5 feet deep. A little W. of the river Derwent, the canal croffes a brook in a caftiron trough or aqueduct. This canal was finished in 1794; the company were authorised to borrow 90,000l. the value of fhares being 100l. The profits of this concern are not to exceed 8 per cent. but after 4000 7. is accumulated as a stock for contingencies, the tolls are to be reduced.

82. DERWENT RIVER, (Derby.) The courfe of this river is nearly N.W. for about 9 or 10 miles in the county of Derby; its principal object was the fupply of Derby, previous to the making of the Derby canal, when this concern was fold to that company.

83. DERWENT RIVER, (New Malton.) The general course of this river is nearly N. for about 37 miles in the Laft Riding of Yorkshire; its objects are the fapply of New Malton with coals, deals, &c. and the export of farm produce, chalk, &c.

84. DERWENT RIVER, (Workington.) The courfe of this river is nearly E. in Cumberland. In the vicinity of Workington, on the banks of this river, are feveral rail-ways, which bring down coals from the mines for exportation.

85. DEWSBURY AND BIRSTAL RAIL-WAY. The general direction of this rail-way is nearly N. for about 3 miles, in the

Weft

Weft Riding of Yorkshire, and its object is to bring down coals to the veilels in the Calder river; it was completed in October 1805.

86. DON (or Dun) RIVER. Act 12 Geo. II. General direction nearly S.W. for near 40 miles in the West Riding of Yorkshire. The original objects of this navigation were principally the fupply of Sheffield, and the export of the iron-wares and iron from Sheffield, Rotherham, &c. fince which period, the Dearne and Dove canal, which joins at Swinton, and the Stainforth and Keadby, at Fishlake and at Hangman Hill, and the cut to the Ayre river near Snaith, have opened new fources of fupply, and for the export of coals, ftones, iron, and manufactured goods of feveral kinds, which this rich track of country produces. In September 1803, notices were given for a new act for weirs and fide-cuts to this river in Mexborough, Spotborough, and other places, and a new courfe for the river, near the junction of Dearne river. And, in February 1803, there was a defign of extending this navigation to Sheffield by a canal from Tinfley, 4 miles, for which 30,000l. was fubfcribed.

87. DONNINGTON-WOOD CANAL. The general direction of this canal is about N. or N.E. for 7 miles in Shropshire; its object is the conveyance of iron-ftone and lime-stone from the mines to the Donnington-wood iron works in Lilefhal parish, and lime and coals for the fupply of the town of Newport. This canal was cut in 1778 at the joint expenfe of the marquis of Stafford and Meffrs. John and Thomas Gilberts. In June 1797 this was propofed to be joined at Pave-lane by the Newport

and Stone canal.

Acts 36 and 43

88. DORSET AND SOMERSET CANAL. Geo. III. General direction nearly S. for about 40 miles in the counties of Wilts, Somerfet, and Dorfet: its principal objects are the fupply of the manufacturing towns and neighbourhood through which it paffes, with coals from the mines bordering on Mendip, and the opening of an inland communication between the Bristol channel, the Severn, the Thames, and the fouthern coast of the ifland. The company were by the firft act authorifed to raife 225,000 . and a further fum under the fecond, we believe, the amount of fhares being 100%.

89. DOUGLAS RIVER (Lower Navigation). Acts 6 Geo. I. and 10 and 23 Geo. III. (for Leeds and Liverpool.) The courfe of this navigation is nearly fouth; for 9 miles in Lancashire; its objects are the export of common and cannel coals, and farm produce, and the import of lime-ftone. The width of the canal is 24 to 30 feet, and depth of water 5 feet.

90. DRIFFIELD CANAL. Acts 7 and 41 Geo. III; course nearly north for about 11 miles in the Eaft Riding of York

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fhire;

thire; its general objects are the import of coals, deals, &c. and the export of farming produce.

91. DROITWICH CANAL. A&t 8 Geo. III. General direction about N.E. for 5 miles in the county of Worcester; its objects are the export of falt and the import of coals, of which 13,500 tons are annually ufed in the boiling of falt, except what the town of Droitwich confumes. The proprietors were authorised to raife 33,400. the amount of fhares being 100 7. By the act for the Worcester and Birmingham canal (31 Geo. III), the fhares are guaranteed to produce 5 per cent. annually, and are to be made up by that company in cafe of their falling below that fum. Owing to the overflowings of the copious falt fprings near Droitwich, this canal prefents the curious fpectacle of a falt-water canal, in the interior of the country, in which no river-fifh can live.

92. DROMREAGH CANAL (Ireland). Between the years 1768 and 1771, the Irish parliament granted 3000 /, towards carrying on the works.

93. DRUMGLASS CANAL. This canal connects with the Drumglafs collieries in Ireland, towards the works of which canal and collieries, the Irish parliament, between the years 1753 and 1771, granted 117,7141.

94. DUDLEY (and Owen) CANAL. Acts 16, 25, 30, 33, and 36 of Geo. III. General direction nearly N.W. by a crooked courfe of 13 miles in Worcestershire, a detached part of Shropfhire, and Staffordshire; the town of Dudley and the busy and rich country through which this canal paffes, furnish an ample tonnage in the export of coals, iron, and lime, while its communication with the Stourbridge canal, by the Black-Delph branch, and the terminating canals, occafions a very confiderable carrying trade. The depth of water in this canal is 5 feet; the width of the locks on the Black-Delph branch is 7 feet. To near Lapal, or Laplat, this canal paffes through a tunnel 3776 yards long, at Gorfty hill it paffes through another of 623 yards, under a collateral branch of the grand ridge, and at Dudley there is another tunnel of 2926 yards in length on the fummit-level of the canal; the arch of this laft tunnel has a height of 13 feet. The company has been authorised to raise 229,100/. the amount of fhares being 100 l. each originally.

95. Durham and Chefter-le-ftreet. In February 1797, Mr. Robert Whitworth made a report in favour of a propofed canal from the Tyne to Chefter-le-fireet, and thence to Durham; it was estimated to coft 79,000l. and the probable advantage thereon to fubfcribers was ftated to be near 20 per cent.

96. EDEN KIVER. The general direction of this river is nearly S.E. for about 12 or 13 miles in the county of Cumberland; its principal objects feem the export of coals, and the

fupply

fupply of Carlisle. In 1799 a rail-way, from the earl of Carlifle's coal-works, near Brompton, to this river, was opened; and in 1803 another was intended from lord Lowther's coal-works at Warnel, about 11 miles diftant from Carlifle.

97. EDINBURGH AND GLASGOW CANAL. This canal, projected about the year 1796, appears to have nearly a weft direction for about 50 miles in the counties of Edinburgh, Linlithgow, and Lanark in Scotland; its objects are the export of coals and lime from Clydefdale, through which it paffes, and the opening of a direct communication between Edinburgh and Glafgow. This canal was finifhed in 1802; at Glasgow it connects with the Monkland, and in 1803 the Glasgow and Saltcoats was propofed alfo to join it.

98. ELLESMERE CANAL. Acts 33, two of the 36, 41, 42, and 44 Geo. III. General direction nearly fouth for 57 miles, by a crooked courfe through the counties of Chester, Flint, and Denbigh, (North Wales) and Salop; its great object is faid to be the improvement of the agriculture of the extensive and fertile tracts, through which it paffes, for uniting the Mersey, Dee, and Severn rivers, and exporting coals, lime, and flate, from the fkirts of the Welsh hills. The depth of water in this canal is 4 feet, and the canal in general is calculated for boats of 70 feet long and 7 wide. There is a tunnel near Chirk of 775 yards in length, and another at Wefton-Lullingfield of 487 yards in length. At Pont-Cyfylty, this canal, is carried over the river Dee in an immense aqueduct trough, composed of caft-iron plates, 20 feet wide, 6 feet deep, and 320 feet long; this is fupported on 19 pair of conical ftone pillars at 52 feet afunder, and the middle ones 125 feet in height. At Chirk is a very large ftone aqueduct bridge of 10 arches, 200 yards in length and 65 feet high, over the Ceriog river; and over the Allen river there is alfo an aqueduct bridge. The company are authorised to raife 500,000 l., the amount of fhares being 100 l., which it feems were in 1802, at 201. below par. While this canal was projecting, a rival scheme was started, called the Eaftern Grand Trunk from the Severn at Shrewsbury to the Chefter canal at Crow's neft, with cuts to Vable-Cruis, to Bonham-Furnace, Holt, and other places.

99. EREWASH CANAL. Act 17 Geo. III. General direction nearly north for 11 miles along the fkirt of the county of Derby, near to Nottinghamshire; its chief object is the export of coals from the numerous collieries on its banks, and those on the banks of the Nutbrook canal which joins it at Stanton, and the Nottingham canal which joins it near Langley Bridge; the branch of the Derby canal joins it between Sandiacre and

Long