COMPENDIUM OF COUNTY HISTORY:

DEVONSHIRE.

SITUATION AND EXTENT.

Boundaries. North, Bristol Channel. East, Somerset and Dorset. South, English Channel. West, Cornwall.

Greatest length72; greatest breadth 71; circumference 287 ; square 2552 miles. Province, Canterbury. Diocese, Exeter. Circuit, Western.

ANTIENT STATE AND REMAINS.

British Inhabitants. Danmonii.

Roman Province. Britannia Prima.-Stations. Isca Danmoniorum, Exeter ; Moridunum, Seaton, or Honiton; Tamare, Tamerton.

Saxon Heptarchy. Westsex.

Antiquities. Drew Steignton Cromlech, Kistvaen, and Druidical Circles.
Yealmton Monumental Stone. EXETER CATHEDRAL. Tavistock and

Ford Abbeys. Axminster, Bishop's Teignton, East and West Teign-
mouth, Ottery St. Mary, and Tawstock Churches. Berry Pomeroy,
Compton, Dartmouth, Okehampton, Plimpton, Rougemont at Exeter,
Tiverton, and Totness Castles.

Tawton and Crediton were Episcopal Sees.

Tavistock was a Mitred Abbey, founded in 961, by Orgar, Duke of Devon, father of the beautiful and infamous Elfrida, Queen of Edgar, and completed in 981 by his son Ordulph, who was buried there.

PRESENT STATE AND APPEARANCE.

Rivers. Aven, Axe, Dart, Erme, Exe, Otter, Plym, Tamer, Taw, Teign, Torridge, Yealm-Bovey, Bray, Carey, Coly, Creedy, Culm or Columb, Little Dart, Dawl, Kenn, Leamon, Lyd, Lyn, Mole, Oke, East and West Okements, Sid, Tidal, Tyuhay, Waldon, Wrey, Yeo.

Inland Navigation. Grand Western, Tavistock, Stover, Tamar Manure

Canals. The twelve first-mentioned rivers.

Lakes. Cran meer, Source of the Dart in Dartmoor.

Lea, and Sutton Pools.

Bradford, Slapton

Eminences and Views. Dunkerry Beacon, in Exmoor, 1890 feet above level of the sea; Castle Head, in Parish of High Bray, 1500: Chapman Burrows, 900; Great Hangman Hill, 800; and little Hangman Hill, near Combe Martin, 600; Hoardown Gate, 1000; Slade Hill, 900, and Swindown, 800, near Ilfracomb; Rippon Tor, 1540; High Bellever, Essery, Steeperton, Ham, Mist, Row and Crockern Tors, in Dart moor; Haldown Hill; Piddle Down; Castle Lawrence, on Pen Hill; Belvidere, in Powderham Grounds. Natural Curiosities. Laywell, near Brixham ebbing and flowing spring; Bampton chalybeate spring; Lundy island; Hartland point, Start point, and Bolt head; Dart and Ex moors; Chudleigh rock and cavern, Morwell rock, and Bren tor. Drew Steignton, and Withicomb, or Nut crackers logan stones; Scenery of Lydford bridge and cascades; of Ivy bridge; of Linton, Limmouth, and the Valley of Stones; of Combe Martin, and Ilfracombe.

Public Buildings. Edystone light-house, finished by John Smeaton in 1759; Plymouth breakwater, arsenal, dock-yard, lines; Bideford bridge, 677 feet long; Barnstaple and Exeter bridges.

Seats. Castle Hill, Earl Fortescue, Lord Lieutenant of the County.
Bickham, Sir William Elford, bart.
Bicton, Lord Rolle.

Blatchford, Sir John Lemon Rogers,
bart.

Buckland Monachorum, Sir Francis
Henry Drake, bart.
Clovelly Court, Sir James Williams
Hamlyn.

GENT. MAG. January, 1817.

Collypriest, Thomas Winsloe Philips,

esq.

Creedy, Sir John Davie, bart.
Dartington Manor House, Arthur
Champernowne, esq.

Escott House, Sir John Kennaway,
bart.

Great Fulford, Baldwin Fulford, esq.
Haccombe,

Members to Parliament. For the County, 2; Exeter, 2; Ashburton, 2; Barnstaple, 2; Berealston, 2; Dartmouth, 2; Honiton, 2; Oakhampton, 2; Plymouth, 2; Plympton, 2; Tavistock, 2; Tiverton, 2; Totness, 2; total 26.

Produce. Bovey Coal, Lead, Tio, Copper, Pipe and Potter's Clay, Marble, Limestone, Slate; Cattle, Fish, Cyder, Butter, (Clouted) Cream. Manufactures. Serges, Kerseys, Carpets, Bone Lace, Ship Building.

POPULATION.

Hundreds, 33; Parishes, 454; Market-towns, 38; Houses, 64,793.
Inhabitants. Males, 179,553; Females, 203,755: total 383,308.

Families employed in Agriculture, 33,044; Trade, 30,977; in neither, 15,394 : total, 79,415.

Baptisms. Males, 6,145; Females, 5,665.-Marriages, 2,745. — Burials, Males, 3,741; Females, 3,794.

Towns having not less than 1000 Inhabitants, viz.

Modbury

455 2,387

Newton Abbots, with

400 2,151

Newton Bushel

192

1,049

441

1,934

Lifton.....

141

1,006

HISTORY.

Total, Towns, 36; Houses, 22,404; Inhabitants, 153,111.

A. D. 615, at Bampton, Britons defeated, and 1046 men slain, by Kynegils, King of Westsex.

833, On Hengist Down, Danes defeated by Egbert; and, 876, near Exeter by Alfred.

878, From Kenwith Castle, Oddune, Earl of Devon, in a sally, defeated the Danes, killed Hubba, their Commander, and took the famous Reafen

Standard.

1003, Exeter,

1003, Exeter taken and completely destroyed, by Sueno, King of Denmark, in revenge of Ethelred's inhuman massacre of the Danes in the preceding 1016, Exeter taken by William I.; and, 1135, after a siege of two months, by Stephen.

year.

1357, May 5, At Plymouth, Edward the Black Prince and his prisoner, John, King of France, landed, and proceeded to Exeter, where they were royally entertained.

1498, Exeter successfully defended by the citizens against Perkin Warbeck, and his army of six thousand men.

1501, Oct. 2, At Plymouth, Catherine of Arragon landed.

1549, June 9, at Sempford Courtenay, the insurrection on account of change of religion and abolition of the mass commenced. The insurgents besieged Exeter; but, after several engagements, being completely defeated on Clyst Heath, August 5, by John Lord Russell, the siege was raised the following day.

1643, Sept. 2, Bideford and Barnstaple Parliamentarians routed by Colonel John Digby.

1643, Plymouth successfully defended by the inhabitants, in a siege of three months, against Prince Maurice.

1646, At Bovey Tracey, Lord Wentworth and Royalists surprised by Oliver Cromwell; and at Torrington, Feb. 14, Royalists defeated by Sir William Fairfax.

1688, Nov. 5, at Torbay, the Prince of Orange, afterwards William, III. landed; on the 9th he arrived at Exeter, where he remained twelve days, and then proceeded to London, and accomplished the Revolution.

BIOGRAPHY.

AUDLEY, JAMES, LORD, Hero of Poictiers, Barnstaple (ffor. temp. Ed. III.) Badcock, Samuel, divine and critic, South Molton, 1747.

Baker, George, East Indian benefactor, Tormoham (died 1797.)

Baldwinus (Devonius), Archbishop of Canterbury, Exeter (died in Palestiné, 1190.)

Bampfield, Francis, non-conformist divine, and author, Poltimore, 1622. Bampton, John de, first public reader of Aristotle at Cambridge, Bampton (died 1391.)

Barkham, John, divine and antiquary, Exeter, 1572.

Baron, John, non-conformist divine, and author, Plymouth (died 1683.)
Baskerville, Sir Simon, physician and anatomist, Exeter, 1573.

Bathe, Henry de, Lord Chief Justice (flor. temp. Hen. III.)

Battie, William, physician, 1704.

Blount, John, Latinè Blondus, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1248.)

Blundel, Peter, benefactor, founder of Tiverton school, Tiverton, 1523. BODLEY, SIR THOMAS, founder of the Bodleian library, Exeter, 1544. Boniface, Sir Wenfride, Bishop of Mentz, converter of the Germans, Crediton,

695.

BRACTON, HENRY DE, author of "De Legibus et Consuetudinibus," Bratton, 13th cent.

Brentingham, Thomas, Bishop of Exeter, Lord Treasurer to Rich. II. (died 1394.)

Brice, Andrew, printer, author of "Topographical Dict." Exeter (died 1773.) Bronscombe, Walter, Bp. of Exeter (died 1281.)

Bryant, Jacob, mythologist, Plymouth, about 1725.

Budgell, Eustace, essayist, St. Thomas, near Exeter, 1685.

Burdwood, James, nonconformist divine and author, Yarnacombe, 1620.

Burton, John, divine, author of "Opuscula miscellanea," Wembworth, 1696. Carew, George, Earl of Totness, author of "Pacata Hibernia," 1557.

Carew, Thomas, wit and poet (died 1639.)

Carpenter, Nathaniel, scholar, chaplain to Usher, Hatherleigh (died 1636.)
Cary, James, Bp. of Exeter, Cookington (died 1419.)

Cary, Sir John, Chief Baron, faithful adherent to Richard II. Cookington

(died 1404.)

Cary,

Cary, Robert, chronologer, author of "Palæologia Chronica," Cookington,

1615.

Chichester, Sir Arthur, Lord Deputy of Ireland, Raleigh (died 1625.)
Chichester, Richard, historian, Raleigh (died about 1355.)

Chichester, Robert, Bp. of Exeter, Raleigh (died 1150.)

Chudleigh, Lady Mary, poet, Winslode, 1656.

CHURCHILL, JOHN, Duke of Marlborough, Prince of Mildenheim, Ashe, 1650.

Conant, John, divine, “Conanti nihil difficile,” Yeatenton, 1608.

Conybeare, John, Bp. of Bristol, Defender of Revelation, Pinhoe, 1692.
Corey, John, actor and dramatic writer, Barnstaple (died 1721.)
Courtenay, Peter, Bp. of Winchester, Powderham (died 1491.)
Courtenay, Richard, Bp. of Norwich (died 1415.)

Courtenay, William, Cardinal, Abp. of Canterbury, Exminster (died 1396.)
Cowell, John, civilian, author of “Interpreter," Ernsborough, 1554.
Cowley, Mrs. H. dramatic writer, Tiverton, 1743.

Crane, Thomas, nonconformist divine and author, Plymouth, 1630.

Cutcliff, John, schoolman, Gammage (temp. Edw. III.)

Davis, John, discoverer of Davis straights in South America, in 1585, Sandridge.

Dodderidge, Sir John, Judge (died 1628.)

Duck, Arthur, civilian, biographer of Abp. Chichele, Heavitree, 1580.
Dunning, John, Lord Ashburton, advocate, Ashburton, 1732.

D'Urfey, Thomas, song and dramatic writer, Exeter, 1628.

Edmondes, Sir Thomas, diplomatist and political writer, Plymouth, 1563.
ELFRIDA, Queen of Edgar, Tavistock.

Exeter, Walter of, historian of Guy of Warwick (flor. 13th century.)

Exeter, William of, Defender of Papal Power, Exeter (flourished 1330.)
Fishaker, Richard, schoolman (died 1248,)

Foliot, Gilbert, Bp. of London, adversary of Becket, Tamerton (died 1187.)
Foliot, Robert, Bp. of Hereford, Tamerton (died 1186.)

Ford, John de, Confessor to King John, Ford (died 1215.)

Ford, Thomas, nonconformist divine and author, Brixton, 1598.

FORTESCUE, SIR JOHN, author of "De Laudibus Legum Angliæ," Brent (died 1465.)

Fortescue, Sir John, Tutor to Elizabeth, and Chancellor of the Exchequer. Foster, James, Defender of Christianity, Exeter, 1697.

Gale, Theophilus, author of "Court of the Gentiles," Kingsteignton, 1628.
GAY, JOHN, poet and dramatic writer, Barnstaple, 1688.

Geare, Allan, nonconformist divine and translator, Stoke Fleming, 1622.
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, naval commander, Greenway, (died 1583.)

Glanvil, Sir John, Judge, Tavistock.

Glanvil, Joseph, defender of witchcraft, Plymouth, 1636.

Granville, George, Viscount Lansdowne, poet, 1667.

Granville, Sir Richard, one of the Conquerors of Glamorgan in 1091, Bideford.

Hakewill, George, divine, Exeter, 1579.

Hankford, Sir William, Chief Justice, Amery (died 1422)

Hanmer, Jonathan, nonconformist divine and author, Barnstaple, 1605.

Harding, Thomas, polemical divine, Combe Martin, 1512.

Hawkins, Sir John, Rear Admiral at defeat of the Armada, Plymouth, 1520.

Hawkins, Sir Richard, naval commander, Plymouth, (died 1622.)

Hayman, Francis, painter, 1708.

Henrietta Maria, Duchess of Orleans, daughter of Charles I. Exeter, 1644.

Herle, Sir William, Chief Justice, Ilfracombe (died 1335.)

Hilliard, Nicholas, limner to Elizabeth, Exeter, 1547.

Hooker, John, antiquary, assisted Holinshed, Exeter, 1524.

HOOKER, RICHARD, author of "Ecclesiastical Polity," Heavitree, 1553.
Hopkins, Charles, poet and tragic writer, Exeter, 1664.

Hopkins, Ezekiel, Bp. of Derry, Saudford, about 1635.

Jewel, John, Bp. of Sarum, author of “Apologia Ecclesiæ Anglican," Bur den, 1522.

Iscanus, Bertholomeus, Bp. of Exeter, opponent of Becket, Exeter (died 1185.)

Iscanus,

Iscanus, Josephus, Archbishop of Bordeaux, " a golden poet in a leaden age,” Exeter (flor. 1210.)

Kendal, George, Calvinistic author, Cofton (died 1663.)

Kennicott, Benjamin, Orientalist, editor of Hebrew Bible, Totness, 1718.

King, Peter, Lord Chancellor, Exeter, 1669.

Lye, Edward, author of Saxon Dictionary, Totness, 1704.

Martin, Richard, Recorder of London, author, Exeter (died 1616.)

Martin, William, historian, Exeter (died 1616.)

Mauduit, John, non-conformist divine, and author, Exeter (died 1674.) Maynard, Sir John, old and witty sergeant, Tavistock (died temp. Wm. III.) Mayne, Jasper, poet, divine, and dramatic writer, Hatherleigh, 1604.

Molle, John, confessor, South Molton, 1557.

MONCK, GEORGE, Duke of Albemarle, Restorer of Royalty, Potheridge, 1608. Monck, Nicholas, Bishop of Hereford, Potheridge, 1609.

Newton, George, non-conformist divine, and author, 1602.

Ockley, Simon, Orientalist, Exeter, 1678

Osborne, John, non-conformist divine, and author, Crediton, 1619.

Paik, Thomas, non-conformist divine, and author, Staverton, 1636.

Parsons, James, physician, Barnstaple, 1705.

Pearse, William, non-conformist divine, and author, Ermington, 1625.

Peele, George, dramatic poet (died 1598.)

Petre, Sir William, Secretary of State to four Sovereigns, Exeter, about 1305. Pollard, Sir Lewis, Judge, King's Nismet (died 1540.)

Prideaux, John, Bishop of Worcester, Hartford (died 1650.)

Quicke, John, non-conformist divine, and author, Plymouth, 1636.

Rainolds, John, divine, Pinto, 1549.

RALEIGH, SIR WALTER, discoverer of Virginia; Hayes Farm, Budley, 1552. Raleigh, William de, Bishop of Winchester, Raleigh (died 1249.)

REYNOLDS, SIR JOSHUA, painter, F.R.A. Plympton, 1723.

Roger the Cistercian, writer of legends, near Ford Abbey (flor. 1180.)
Rowe, John, non-conformist divine, and author, Tiverton (died 1677.)

Saunders, Richard, non-conformist divine, and author, Peyhambury (died 1692.)

Shebbeare, John, political writer, author of "Chrysal," Bideford, 1709.
Sprat, Thomas, Bishop of Rochester, poet, Tallaton, 1636.

Stanbery, John, Bishop of Hereford, first Provost of Eton, Bratton (died 1474.)
Stone, Nicholas, statuary, master mason to Charles I. Woodbury, 1586.
Strange, John, philanthropist, Bideford (fell victim to the plague, 1646.)
Strode, William, divine, orator, and poet, Newinham, 1599.

Stuckley, Lewis, non-conformist, divine, and author, Afton (died 1687.)
Stuckley, Thomas, eccentric character, Bideford, 1691.

Tapper, Samuel, non-conformist divine, and author, Exeter, 1636.

Tindal, Matthew, deist, Beer Ferrers, 1657.

Tolley, David, scholar, author of "Themata Homeri," Kingsbridge (ffor. temp. Ed. VI.)

Trope, George, non-conformist divine, and author, Exeter, 1631.

Tucker, William, Dean of Lichfield, defender of the Royal touch (died 1617.)
Upton, Nicholas, author of book on Heraldry, first of its kind (flor. 1440.)
Walker, George, Rev. heroic defender of Londonderry, Exeter (slain 1690.)
Walker, Samuel, divine, Exeler, 1714.

Wilford, William, naval commander, near Plymouth (died 1414.)
Yalden, Thomas, poet, Exeter, 1671.

MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS.

At Exeter, Lent Assizes, 1586, an infectious disorder was communicated by the prisoners, of which the Judge, eight Justices, eleven Jurymen, and several Officers of the Court died.-The great Bell, given by Bishop Courtenay, weighs 12,500-lbs.

At Heavitree, August 25, 1682, were executed three women, natives of Bideford, the last sufferers under the statute against witchcraft.

At Tiverton, April 3, 1598, a fire destroyed thirty-three persons, more than 400 dwellings, and 150,000l. worth of property.-August 5, 1612, a second fire destroyed