CANTO THE TWELFTH.

I.

Of all the barbarous middle ages, that
Which is most barbarous is the middle age
Of man! it is-I really scarce know what;
But when we hover between fool and sage,
And don't know justly what we would be at-
A period something like a printed page,
Black letter upon foolscap, while our hair
Grows grizzled, and we are not what we were ;-

II.

Too old for Youth,-too young, at thirty-five,

To herd with boys, or hoard with good threescore,

I wonder people should be left alive;

But since they are, that epoch is a bore: Love lingers still, although 't were late to wive :

And as for other love, the illusion 's o'er ;

And Money, that most pure imagination,
Gleams only through the dawn of its creation.1

III.

O Gold! Why call we misers miserable? 2
Theirs is the pleasure that can never pall;

1. [See letter to Douglas Kinnaird, dated Genoa, January 18, 1823.] 2. Johnson would not believe that "a complete miser is a happy man. "That," he said, "is flying in the face of all the world, who have called an avaricious man a miser, because he is miserable. No, sir; a man who both spends and saves money is the happiest man, because he has both enjoyments."-Boswell's Life of Johnson, 1876, p.

Theirs is the best bower anchor, the chain cable
Which holds fast other pleasures great and small.
Ye who but see the saving man at table,

And scorn his temperate board, as none at all,
And wonder how the wealthy can be sparing,

Know not what visions spring from each cheese-paring.

IV.

Love or lust makes Man sick, and wine much sicker;
Ambition rends, and gaming gains a loss;
But making money, slowly first, then quicker,
And adding still a little through each cross
(Which will come over things), beats Love or liquor,
The gamester's counter, or the statesman's dross.
O Gold! I still prefer thee unto paper,

Which makes bank credit like a bank of vapour.

V.

Who hold the balance of the World? Who reign
O'er congress, whether royalist or liberal?
Who rouse the shirtless patriots of Spain ?1

(That make old Europe's journals "squeak and gibber ".2 all)

Who keep the World, both old and new, in pain
Or pleasure? Who make politics run glibber all?
The shade of Buonaparte's noble daring ?-
Jew Rothschild,3 and his fellow-Christian, Baring.

VI.

Those, and the truly liberal Lafitte,1

Are the true Lords of Europe. Every loan Is not a merely speculative hit,

But seats a Nation or upsets a Throne.

Republics also get involved a bit;

Columbia's stock hath holders not unknown

1. [The Descamisados, or Sansculottes of the Spanish Revolution of 1820-1823. For Spanish "Liberals," see Quarterly Review, April, 1823, vol. xxix. pp. 270-276.]

2. [Hamlet, act i. sc. 1, line 116.]

3. See The Age of Bronze, line 678, sq., Poetical Works, 1901, v. 573, note 3.]

4. Jacques Laffitte (1767-1844), as Governor of the Bank of France, advanced sums to Parisians to meet their enforced contributions to the allies, and, in 1817, advocated liberal measures as a Deputy.]

On 'Change; and even thy silver soil, Peru,
Must get itself discounted by a Jew.

VII.

Why call the miser miserable? as

I said before the frugal life is his, Which in a saint or cynic ever was

The theme of praise: a hermit would not miss Canonization for the self-same cause,

And wherefore blame gaunt Wealth's austerities? Bécause, you'll say, nought calls for such a trial;— Then there's more merit in his self-denial.

VIII.

He is your only poet ;-Passion, pure

And sparkling on from heap to heap, displays, Possessed, the ore, of which mere hopes allure Nations athwart the deep: the golden rays Flash up in ingots from the mine obscure:

On him the Diamond pours its brilliant blaze, While the mild Emerald's beam shades down the dies Of other stones, to soothe the miser's eyes.

IX.

The lands on either side are his; the ship

From Ceylon, Inde, or far Cathay, unloads For him the fragrant produce of each trip; Beneath his cars of Ceres groan the roads, And the vine blushes like Aurora's lip;

His very cellars might be Kings' abodes; While he, despising every sensual call, Commands—the intellectual Lord of all.

X.

Perhaps he hath great projects in his mind,
To build a college, or to found a race,
A hospital, a church,-and leave behind
Some dome surmounted by his meagre face:
Perhaps he fain would liberate Mankind

Even with the very ore which makes them base;
Perhaps he would be wealthiest of his nation,
Or revel in the joys of calculation.

XI.

But whether all, or each, or none of these
May be the hoarder's principle of action,
The fool will call such mania a disease:-

What is his own? Go-look at each transaction, Wars, revels, loves-do these bring men more ease Than the mere plodding through each "vulgar fraction?"

Or do they benefit Mankind? Lean Miser!

Let spendthrifts' heirs inquire of yours-who 's wiser?

XII.

How beauteous are rouleaus! how charming chests
Containing ingots, bags of dollars, coins

(Not of old victors, all whose heads and crests
Weigh not the thin ore where their visage shines,
But) of fine unclipped gold, where dully rests

Some likeness, which the glittering cirque confines,
Of modern, reigning, sterling, stupid stamp!—
Yes! ready money is Aladdin's lamp.1

XIII.

"Love rules the Camp, the Court, the Grove,-for Love Is Heaven, and Heaven is Love:"2-so sings the

bard;

Which it were rather difficult to prove

(A thing with poetry in general hard).
Perhaps there may be something in "the Grove,"
At least it rhymes to "Love:" but I 'm prepared
To doubt (no less than landlords of their rental)
If "Courts" and "Camps" be quite so sentimental.

XIV.

But if Love don't, Cash does, and Cash alone:
Cash rules the Grove, and fells it too besides;

i. Were not worth one whereon their profile shines.—[MS. erased.]

1. ["They say that Knowledge is Power' ;-I used to think so; but I now know that they meant Money ... every guinea is a philosopher's stone, or at least his touch-stone. You will doubt me the less, when I pronounce my pious belief-that Cash is Virtue."-Letter to Kinnaird, February 6, 1822, Letters, 1901, vi. 11.]

2. [Lay of the Last Minstrel, Canto III, stanza ii. lines 4-6.]

Without cash, camps were thin, and courts were none; Without cash, Malthus tells you-" take no brides." 1 So Cash rules Love the ruler, on his own

High ground, as virgin Cynthia sways the tides: And as for "Heaven being Love," why not say honey Is wax? Heaven is not Love, 't is Matrimony.

XV.

Is not all Love prohibited whatever,

Excepting Marriage? which is Love, no doubt, After a sort; but somehow people never

With the same thought the two words have helped out. Love may exist with Marriage, and should ever,

And Marriage also may exist without;

But Love sans banns is both a sin and shame,
And ought to go by quite another name.

XVI.

Now if the "Court," and "Camp," and "Grove," be not
Recruited all with constant married men,

Who never coveted their neighbour's lot,
I say that line 's a lapsus of the pen ;-
Strange too in my buon camerado Scott,
So celebrated for his morals, when
My Jeffrey held him up as an example 2
To me; of whom these morals are a sample.

XVII.

Well, if I don't succeed, I have succeeded,

i.

And that's enough; succeeded in my youth,

- for his moral pen

Held up to me by Jeffrey as example.

Of which with profit-as you'll soon see by a sample.—[MS. erased.]

1. [See Godwin's Essay Of Population, 1820 (pp. 18, 19, et passim), in which he renews his attack on Malthus's Essay on the Principles of Population.]

2. ["We have no notion that Lord B[yron] had any mischievous intention in these publications-and readily acquit him of any wish to corrupt the morals, or impair the happiness of his readers... but it is our duty... to say, that much of what he has published appears to us to have this tendency. . . . How opposite to this is the system, or the temper, of the great author of Waverley!"-Edinburgh Review, February, 1822, vol. 36, p. 451.]