appointed over them by our Kings; That they have no reprefentatives in our affembly; That their own confent is neceffary to engage them in war on our fide; That they have the power of life and death, of peace and war in their own councils, without being accountable for their actions to any power on earth; That fubjection is what they are unacquainted with in their own ftate; and, their chiefs being fuch only in virtue of their credit, and not of their power, that there is no fuch thing as coercive power amongst them. All which is neceffary to be well confidered, to account for many particulars in the following proceedings, and their conduct. A.D. 1760. vernor's The governor met them, fome days after their The goarrival, in the council chamber; and, among speech. other things, told them "That he was well acquainted with their depredations or evil practices against the English. That he would foon be in their country, and would there let them know his demands, and the fatisfaction he required; and if they should then refuse it, he would take it; That as they came down to treat with him as friends, he would not yet look upon them as enemies; that they fhould go home in fafety, and not a hair Promifes a of their heads be touched; but, as he had many fe warriors abroad, he could not answer for their fafety, unless they marched with his army.". Occonoftota, the great warrior and chief of this party, began to make a reply; but the governor, refolved that nothing fhould prevent his expedition, fud denly fafe con A. D. 1760. Army marches. Indian chiefs foners. denly quitted his feat, and faid he would hear no thing they had to fay. In a few days his Excellency fet out for the Congarees, 140 miles from Charles-Town, the place of rendezvous for the militia. The Indians marched with the regulars and provincials, and behaved very quietly and orderly to this place. But on their arrival at the Congarees, the governor made pri- being informed, as fuppofed, by the commandant of Fort Prince George, that the Indians were prepared and refolved to fight him, as foon as their head-men in his army fhould get fafe back to their own country; he placed a captain's guard over them, till he arrived with his army to the faid fort, where his Excellency difmiffed the women and children, and the inferior Indians, and detained and confined thirty-two of their principal men, in an apartment belonging to Fort Prince George. The go vernor The governor, in his march, had fent to invite Attakullakulla, or the Little Carpenter, to meet Attakulla- him at this fort, who was, at that juncture, from fends for kulla. His con ference home with a war-party against the French. But upon the receipt of this meffage, at his return, this fenfible and faithful Indian made the best of his way to the English camp, and arrived at Fort Prince George about ten days after their arrival, and prefented Governor Lyttelton with a prifoner he had taken from the French. : His Excellency, at the first conference, which with the was next day, put the Little Carpenter in mind He had alfo fome fcalps, and feveral more prifoners. governor. of of the feveral treaties that had been made between A. D. 1760. Gover the English and Cherokees, of the great kindness of the first to the other, at all times; he likewife nor's informed him of the glorious fucceffes of the Eng-speech. lish, and the madness it would be in the Cherokees, to depend on the French, or any other European power, except the English, for protection or fupport. He then mentioned many of the outrages committed by his countrymen: and added, that he was come there with a large army to get fatisfaction; and that he demanded 24 Cherokees, of those that had been most active against the English, to be delivered up to him, to be put to death, or otherwife to be difpofed of, as his Britannic Majesty should direct, or that they muft expect all the severities of war. kulla's The Little Carpenter, in his answer, faid, that Attakullahe well remembred the treaties, as he had a speech. fhare in making moft of them: he acknowledged the kindness of the English of Carolina; but complained much of the ufage his people had met with from Virginia, which was the first cause of all the troubles: That he had always been a good friend to the English, which his last fatiguing expedition against their enemies, the French, was a fufficient proof of: That he would ftill continue to be their friend, and use all the influence he had with his people, to give the fatisfaction demanded: but, that he believed, it could not be complied with; as they had no coercive power over one another; however, as all the mifchief was done, faid he, by the mad young men of A. D. 1760. Three head men released. Return home. of the lower towns, where he had not much influente, he defired the governor to release fome of the head-men, he had then in confinement in the fort, to affift, and he would at least convince the governor how inclinable he was to fatisfy him. He said he was pleased to hear of the fuccefs of the English; but thought they were harder on his people, than on any other Indians, who had difobliged them. He said, he remembered, that fome years ago, the Chactaws had killed many white men belonging to Carolina, aad that no fatisfaction had been demanded of them. The governor on this released three headmen, Occonoftota, the great warrior of the nation, Tiftoweè, chief man of Keowee, and the head warrior of Eftatoe: and they, in two or three days, delivered up two men to the governor; one of them was the perfon, who had scalped the woman and child before mentioned. This greatly alarmed their nation: all, that fufpected themselves liable to be given up, got out of the way. The Little Carpenter, finding it was impoffible to give any further fatisfaction at present, refolved to go home, and wait the event of things; and Recalled. was actually to miles on his way, when the governor, (December the 25th) fent Lieutenant Coytmore after him, to defire that he would come back to him; which he did, next day about 11 o'clock; and about four it was reported, that a peace was concluded Treaty of peace and friendship concluded by his Excellency William of concluded with the Indians. This treaty was figned, on the part of the Indians, by the Car Treaty penter figned. of his Majefty's province of South Carolina, with Attakulla-' kulla, or The Little Carpenter, Deputy of the whole Cherokee nation, and other Headmen and Warriors thereof, at Fort Prince George, Dec. 26, 1759. Art. I. There fhall be a firm peace and friendship between all his Majefty's fubjects of this province, and the nation of Indians called the Cherokees; and the faid Cherokees fhall preferve peace with all his Majefty's fubjects whatsoever. Art. II. The articles of friendship and commerce, concluded by the lords commiffioners for trade and plantations, with the deputies of the Cherokees, by his Majesty's command, at Whitehall, the 7th of September, 1730, fhall be ftrictly ob served for the time to come. Art. III. Whereas the Cherokee Indians have, at fundry.. times and places, fince the 19th of November 1758, flain I divers of his Majefty's good fubjects of this province, and his excellency the governor having demanded that fatisfaction. fhould be given for the fame, according to the tenor of the faid articles of friendship and commerce aforementioned; in confequence whereof two Cherokee Indians, of the number of those who have been guilty of perpetrating the faid murders, have already been delivered up, to be put to death, or otherwise disposed of, as his excellency the governor shall direct; it is hereby ftipulated and agreed, that 22 other Cherokee Indians, guilty of the faid murders, fhall, as foon as poffible, after the conclufion of this prefent treaty, in like manner be delivered up to fuch perfons as his excellrncy the governor, or the commander in chief of this province for the time being, fhall appoint to receive them, to be put to death, or otherwife difpofed of, as the faid governor and commander in chief fhall direct. Art. IV. The Cherokee Indians, whofe names are herein after mentioned, viz. Chenohe, Oufanatah, Tallichama, Tallitahe, Quarrafattahe, Connaforatah, Kataetoi, Otaflite of |