with a religious fear or concern,' ver. 20-23. This language distinctly declares, that St. Jude supposed all Christians, who were edifying one another, should and might keep themselves in the love of God.' They should with a religious concern endeavour to save others- snatching them out of the fire.'

Godly sorrow worketh repentance unto salvation,' 2 Cor. vii. 10. A thorough repentance is a means of salvation.

After St. Paul had set before the Philippians the examples of Christ's obedience even to the death of the cross;' he exhorts them to work out their own salvation-with fear (of offending God) and with trembling' (at his displeasure), Phil. ii. 12. To encourage them in that work, he adds, for God is working in you of his good pleasure;' so do your part, for God is doing his. He is, was, and always will be concurring with you in every good work: and principally in this your good work, viz. in working out your salvation,' by your obedience to his laws even to death, if it should be your lot.

CHAP. XXV.

God a Redeemer, Deliverer, and Saviour. THESE characters are given to Jesus Christ in the New Testament in an inferior sense; but God alone is represented, by the sacred writers, as our Redeemer, our Deliverer, our Saviour, in the first, principal, aud highest sense of those characters: and therefore God alone must be owned and considered as the first, the principal and highest object of our praise and adoration.

How the characters of Redeemer, Deliverer, &c. are used, and to whom applied, will appear from the following view of texts.

ATTPOTHE. This word, which properly signifies Redeemer, is but once used in the New Testament,

where it is applied to Moses, who led Israel forth from their Egyptian bondage.

Acts vii. 35, 'This Moses-did God send by the hands of the angel to be a ruler and deliverer.'

ATTPON. The word is but twice used in both places it is applied to Christ, and is translated a

ransom.'

Mat. xx. 28, and Mark x. 45, The son of man,' i. e. Christ, came not to be ministred unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.'

The meaning of the passage is evidently this, viz. that Christ's disciples should not be ambitious of worldly honours, grandeur, and dignity, which the mother of Zebedee's children had asked for her sons; but they should imitate his example in 'lowliness, and a steady desire and endeavour to do good,' and bring real benefits to mankind; i. e. as he, so they also, should not seek to be ministered unto, but to minister and as he came to free, or set at liberty, many from the power and influences of sin, by preaching to them the gospel of righteousness, and by exhibiting a perfect example of piety and virtue, in laying down his life in the cause of God and goodness; so they also should act with a steady view to the same great end, of promoting true goodness in all its branches among mankind.

ATTPON-OMAI. The word is thrice used, and signifies to redeem, according to our translation: the proper meaning of the word is, to make free, or set at liberty.

We trusted that it had been he that should have redeemed Israel,' Luke xxiv. 21, i. e. made them free, or set them at liberty from the Roman yoke.

Looking for the glorious appearance of Christ, who gave himself for us that he might redeem (set us at liberty, make us free from) all iniquity, Tit. ii. 14. Here the true end of Christ's death is pointed out.

15.

'Be ye holy in all manner of conversation,' 1 Pet. i. 'Pass the time of your sojourning here in fear,'

ver. 17, 'forasmuch as ye know ye were not redeemed' (set at liberty, or made free from the power of sin) with corruptible things-but with the precious blood of Christ,' ver. 18, 19. His death was the highest confirmation he could give of the truth of his divine mission, and of his own persuasion that the doctrines he taught were the doctrines of God: his death, therefore, is the strongest motive and argument for our diligently considering and faithfully regarding the gospel of righteousness which he preached. And as this gospel, so strongly recommended to us by his death, is most excellently calculated to free us from sin, and engage us in the practice of righteousness; so it is with equal propriety that we are said to be redeemed,' or freed from sin, 'by his blood,' or death.

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ATTРOEIE. The word is used thrice, and has much the same signifcation with λυτρόω: i. e. as λυτρόω signifies to make free; arpwas signifies freedom or liberty.

Luke i. 68, Blessed be Jehovah, the God of Israel, for he hath visited and moi'ne Xúrpwov made (or appointed) redemption (freedom or liberty) for his people.'

Luke ii. 38, She [Anna] spake of him [Christ] to all them who looked for redemption in Jerusalem." Heb. ix. 12, Christ once entered into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption,' i. e. eternal freedom from the punishment of sin, which is death; being made the author of eternal life to all who obey the gospel.

AПOATТРNEIZ. This word is used ten times: and its proper signification is deliverance. It is only used thrice with reference to Christ; in the other places it stands to denote deliverance absolutely, without any reference to the cause or means by which it is effected.

1 Cor. i. 30,

Christ is made of God-deliverance for us.' God has appointed him the instrument of his goodness, in conveying to us deliverance from sin and death.

Eph. i. 7, By whom we have redemption [deliverance from death] through his blood [whereby he has sealed to us the favour of God promising] the remission of sins,' to as many as are truly penitent.

Col. i. 14, contains the same words, used in the very same sense.

Note 1. Our translation calls Moses a deliverer; which is a just and true version. But the cognate words are in every other place translated ransom, redemption, redeemed, &c. except in one place, viz. Heb. xi. 35, where it is translated justly deliverance.

2. If λurpurns had been used, in any place, of Je-' sus Christ, our translators would have rendered it redeemer, as appears from their version of its cognate terms when they have any reference to Christ. This word, redeemer, is now grown so common, for Christ, that Redeemer and Christ are become synonymous terms; so that God is not understood by it, but Christ alone. This seems to be a great impropriety; for

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3. That the same God who sent Moses to be a redeemer, Acts vii. 35, also sent Christ to be the Saviour of the world,' 1 John iv. 14, and also made Christ to us,' or for our benefit, wisdom, righteousness, sanctification, and redemption,' or deliverance; so that he who glories should glory in the Lord.” 1 Cor. i. 30, 31.

PTOMAI. This word is uniformly translated deliver. It is used in speaking of God six times certainly; and twice it is certainly used of Christ; in three places it may be either understood of God, or Christ.

The places where it certainly refers to God are these. Mat. vi. 13.

O! our Father who art in heaven, ver. 9, ' deliver us from evil,' (the evil one.)

Luke xi. 4, The same passage.

2 Cor. i. 10, That we should trust in God, ver. 9. Who delivered us from so great a death, and doth deliver; in whom we trust that he will yet deliver.' Col. i. 13, Giving thanks unto the Father, ver. 12,

1

'Who hath delivered us from the power of dark

ness.

2 Pet. ii. 7, God, ver. 4, ' delivered just Lot vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked.'

9, 'The Lord,' i. e. Jehovah the same God mentioned before, knoweth how to deliver the godly out of temptations.'

The places where the word is certainly used of Christ

Rom. xi. 26,

deliverer.'

1 Thes. i. 10,

are these:

'There shall come out of Zion the

And to wait for-Jesus, who deli

vered us from the wrath to come.'

The places where it may be understood either of God or Christ are these:

2 Tim. iii. 11, Bat out of them all (out of all my persecutions and troubles) the Lord delivered me.'

iv. 17, The Lord stood with me--and I was delivered out of the mouth of the lion.'

18, And the Lord shall deliver me from every evil work.'

These three passages may either be understood of God the original deliverer, or of Christ the instrumental deliverer, by whose agency God conveys deliverance, and all other spiritual blessings, to us.

ΑΓΟΡΑΖΩ-ΟΜΑΙ. This word is made use of by the sacred writers. of the New Testament more than thirty times, of which the following texts have a reference to the present subject.

1 Cor. vi. 20, For ye are bought with a price: therefore glorify God.'

Chap. vii. 23, Ye are bought with a price, be not ye the servants of men.'

2 Pet. ii. 1, There shall be false teachers-denying the Lord who bought them.'

Rev. v. 9, When the Lamb had taken the book. out of the hand of him (of Jehovah) who sat upon the throne, the four living creatures,' and the twenty