heard an explanation of what the origin of the tale of the tailor and the goat may be. L. L. K.

BAINES FAMILY (10th S. iv. 69, 330).—John Baines, of Layham, in Suffolk, died in 1776. By his will, made in 1753, he leaves to his eldest son John 18., he having been provided for already; and to his wife property in Layham, Boxford, Little Cornard, and Polding [sic], in Suffolk and Essex, for life, and at her death to his younger children not named. James Johnson, Bishop of Gloucester, his brother-in-law, and Sarah Johnson, his sister-in-law, are trustees should his wife die before the youngest child is twenty four years old. His wife Elizabeth survived him, and proved his will as sole executrix; she was

born in 1711.

A John Baines was born in or about Langham, in Essex, between 1703 and 1707; he was the son of William, the grandson of Robert, and the great nephew of John Baines, all of Langham. By a will made in 1722 his great-uncle John left him property in Great Cornard, Little Cornard, Newton, Copdock, Belstead, and the manor of Heyses, in Suffolk, and 1,2007. in money, all at twenty-one years of age, and made him one of his executors. The same testator, who was for that time a very wealthy man, also left a mortgage on property in Polden and Colchester to another great-nephew.

I think there can be no reasonable doubt that the John Baines born at Langham about 1705 was the John Baines who died at Layham in 1776. I find that John Baines, of Melford, who was mixed up in the rector of Melford's lawsuits, died without issue, in 1729, having been a Fellow of Peterhouse since 1689; he also was an Essex man.

References: Brit. Mus. Davy's MSS. under Babergh and Cosford Hundreds, and pedigrees, Johnson of Melford. Wills: Prerogative Court. John Baines of Melford, 328 Abbott. John Baines of Layham, 53 Bellas. John Baines of Langham, 3 Bolton. -Commissary Robert of London for Essex and Herts. Bains of Langham, 392 Rickett. William Baines of Langham, 251 Backhouse.

Ealing, W.

-

MARK W. BULLEN.

'CHEVY CHASE' (10th S. iv. 89, 155).-Judging from COL. PRIDEAUX'S and MR. E. YARDLEY'S replies, I gather that nothing more is actually known about the date of "the more modern ballad of Chevy Chase" than was known to Percy when he published his 'Reliques of Antique English Poetry 'in 1765. In the introduction to the original poem he said :

"Addison has given an excellent critique on this very popular ballad, but is mistaken with regard to the antiquity of the common received copy; for this, if one may judge from the style, cannot be older than the time of Elizabeth. I flatter myself I have here recovered the genuine antique poem, the true original song...... Whoever considers the style and orthography of this old poem will not be inclined to place it lower than the time of Hen. VI.: as, on the other hand, the mention of James, the Scottish King, with one or two anachronisms, forbids us to assign it an earlier date."

With regard to the "more modern ballad " Percy wrote:

"When I call the present admired ballad modern I only mean that it is comparatively so; for that it could not be writ much later than the time of Queen Elizabeth, I think may be made appear; nor yet does it seem to be older than the beginning of the last [seventeenth] century.......That it could not be much later than that time, appears from the phrase, 'doleful dumps'; which in that age carried no ill sound with it, but to the next generation became

ridiculous."

ALEX. LEEPER.

MELCHIOR GUY DICKENS (10th S. iv. 469).— The spelling of this name should be Guydickens. I have since found the date of his appointment as Ambassador to Russia-1749. He retired at his own request in 1755. He had been Envoy Extraordinary to Sweden in 1742 (Marquis Townshend's MSS.).

Gustavus Guydickens. his son, was appointed "Gentleman Usher of the Privy Chamber to H.M. the Queen, vice Edw. Francis Stanhope, Esq.," 13 Feb., 1783 (Gent.'s Mag., 1783). H. ATHILL-CRUTTWELL.

CHARLES LAMB (10th S. iv. 445, 512).-In the last line but one on p. 512 his should be substituted for "Kenney's," and "Kenney' placed after "Sophy." S. BUTTERWORTH.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &c.

London Vanished and Vanishing. Painted and described by Philip Norman. (A. & C. Black.) Or the handsome and eminently delightful series to which it belongs, we are disposed to regard this as the most attractive volume. Traces of the labours to which it is due have not been wanting in our columns, where the title of " vanishing London has been of sadly frequent occurrence. Here, if anywhere, it is pardonable to regret the past, and to sigh for the London of yesterday in presence of that of to-day and in sight of that of to-morrow. A sorrow such as we once more experience was felt long ago when, for the sake of establishing a precarious throne, picturesque old Paris developed into a city of boulevards down which the guns of authority might rattle. Many another glorious old city of Anjou, Poitou, Normandy, and other places now renamed, has undergone like desecration. We bow to the inevitable, but recall with a sigh how few years ago it seems since the Strand was in some respects the most happily accidented street in any European capital. Mr. Norman says of his own admirably artistic and finely coloured designs: "Of the seventy-five illustrations here given, about sixty represent buildings which have entirely disappeared, a notable number while this book was in progress, and only some half dozen of the subjects remain altogether unchanged." Of the designs included there is but one-that of the "Tabard" Inn in 1810-which we could not have seen; and there are very few which we have not, in fact, contemplated. In many cases our own memories extend back more than half a century before the time at which the spots disappeared or when these views were taken. The interest of the designs is only surpassed by their beauty. Mr. Norman is, too, a trustworthy antiquary as well as a capable writer, and his statements are as accurate as his designs. How far the gaps we find in the work are covered by other volumes of the series we know not, but it appears to us as if there were room for half a dozen similar works from the same graceful brush and facile pen. To us the sight of many of the reproductions brings a sigh, but a sigh not unmixed with tenderness, as when we look upon souvenirs of those who have passed away. A more pleasing and beautiful giftbook is not easily to be conceived. To our readers generally we warmly and unhesitatingly commend it. A few-a very few-of them may feel towards it as we do ourselves. There are some who, amidst the widening spaces of Aldwych and Kingsway, will miss Drury Lane, and think of Portugal Street, or even of poor disreputable Clare Market. All who have a taste for beautiful books will rejoice in

The Clyde Mystery: a Study in Forgeries and Folklore. By Andrew Lang, M.A. (Glasgow, MacLehose & Sons.)

THIS volume shows Mr. Lang at his best. In folklore and anthropology he has long ranked among the masters, and to mystery he has of late inclined his head. The subject with which he deals is moreover controversial, and in this Mr. Lang is keen of fence, and the play of his rapier speaks of his retention of a strong wrist and a cunning hand. His subject is crannog lore. In an old hill fort at Dunbuie, on the Clyde, and in the foundations of two mysterious structures excavated from the mud of that estuary, have been found many curious objects, which are either relics of life many centuries ago or "fakes" as purposeless, apparently, as quaint. Much controversy has already been stirred. Against the views of Dr. Munro, the author of Archæology and False Antiquities,' who is disposed to hold that the unfamiliar relics are "impostures of yesterday's manufacture," Mr. Lang-fortified with his knowledge of Australian designs, coinciding in important respects with those now discussed, and reproduced in illustrationsadvocates, after ten years, a game of further waiting. This cannot well be refused him. Upon the question opened out we have not evidence to justify us in forming an opinion, and we shall not ourselves embark upon the controversy. We may, however, recommend it to those of our readers entitled to form a judgment, and not to those alone, since all who delight in the noble art of self-defence may find subject of contentment and gratification. In a letter to Dr. Munro, about some person whose name is left blank, Mr. Charles Hercules Read says that Mr. is a "merely literary man, who cannot understand that to practised people the antiquities are as readable as print and a good deal more accurate." We will not say that Mr. Lang puts on the cap. He, however, shows up the futility of such a statement in a way that might make his adversary sorry that he spoke, and recurs more than once to the subject. Mr. Lang narrates an experience of his own parallel to one sufficiently discomforting of Jonathan Oldbuck. Ordinarily he is reserved in utterance, and implies more than he states. But there is no uncertain sound when he says: "The archaic patterns of countries now civilized and of savage countries are assuredly parallel. The use of charm stones in civilization and savagery is assuredly parallel. The application to these stones of the archaic patterns, by a rude race in Clydesdale, familiar with the patterns on rocks in the district, has in it nothing à priori impossible."

The Letters of Horace Walpole, fourth Earl of Orford. Edited by Mrs. Paget Toynbee. Vol. XVI. Tables and Indexes. (Oxford, Clarendon Press.)

WITH the appearance of this indispensable volume the important and admirably executed task of Mrs. Paget Toynbee is brought to a conclusion, and the world is the richer for an enlarged and authoritative edition of these admirable letters, from which, rather than from any other source, we judge English (and French) life of the eighteenth century. In

addition to an index of names covering 335 pages, and a second of subjects, we are presented with a series of genealogical tables and an alphabetical list of Horace Walpole's correspondents, with a chronological table of the letters addressed to them. A list of addenda and corregenda is supplied, and the work is rendered worthy in all respects of the proud and popular position it is destined to occupy.

Child Music: a Study of Tunes made up by Irish Young Children. By William Platt. (Obtainable from the Author, 77, St. Martin's Lane.) MR. PLATT has given the musical notation of tunes crooned by children from the age of seventeen months, concluding with elaborated pieces founded entirely upon young children's tunes. For those capable of forming a judgment on such matters (among whom we do not count ourselves) the whole has doubtless much interest. The observations were all made in Mr. Platt's own family.

How to Collect Books. By J. Herbert Slater. (Bell & Sons.)

FEW people have a better practical knowledge of books than Mr. Slater, the editor of Book-Prices Current, who in the present attractive work supplies the book-lover with many valuable hints. Like poets and some others, collectors are born, not made, and it is very likely that the kind of books a collector will purchase will be a matter as much of destiny as of choice. Whatever the nature of his collection, however, Mr. Slater's volume may do for him what that of M. Rouveyre did for his French rival, and supply him with some of the connaissances nécessaires à un bibliophile." It will do more, indeed, and will give him invaluable information as to editions, to bindings, to conditions, and other matters, the importance of which can scarcely be exaggerated. Specially useful is what is said about preserving books from damp, perhaps the commonest cause of decay and ravage. To this we will add, Let not your books be too dry, since heat, and especially the fumes of gas, are destructive to bindings, causing them] to crack at the edges, and making the labels drop off, and indeed crack, like the edges. Curious information is supplied as to how to eradicate grease-stains, ink-marks, and the like; how to preserve leather bindings and to freshen faded or spotted cloth covers. A summary of the Latin names of great printing centres-a kind of information not easily found elsewhere than in the valuable, though rather out-of-date Typographical Gazetteer' of Cotton and in Savage's Dictionary of Printing'-is also furnished. A new edition of Cotton's list brought up to date by Mr. Slater would be a great boon. Among the illustrations are reproductions of the Aldine and Elzevir devices, specimens of fine types and bindings, and other things of the kind. Mr. Slater's volume, indeed, popularizes much precious knowledge at present confined to the few, and may be consulted with pleasure as well as advantage.

The Complete Poetical Works of William Cowper. Edited by H. S. Milford, M.A.-Poems of Robert Browning. (Frowde.)

To the cheap, excellent, and attractive Oxford editions of the poets have been made two noteworthy additions. The first consists of the entire poetical works of Cowper, with the exception of the translations from Homer, which, so far as we recall, have

rarely, if ever, been included with the poems. With the appendix (which contains a few poems, one or two of them recently discovered), notes, table of first lines, &c., the volume runs to near seven hundred pages. For one with limited shelf-room the edition is all that can be desired. For purposes of perusal and reference it is equally convenient.

The one-volume Browning contains the entire contents of the three volume edition of 1863, Pauline' from the first edition (1833), and one or two poems not reprinted by Browning in any collected edition of his poems. For The Ring and the Book' and some other works the reader will have to wait till time permits of a second volume. Virtually no alterations have been made in the text. Besides Paracelsus,' 'Sordello,' 'A Blot in the 'Scutcheon,' and the dramas generally, 'Men and Women,' and others, the edition contains all the Dramatic Lyrics in which the world is now most interested. Quite at the beginning stand 'Kentish Sir Byng,''The Lost Leader,'' How They brought the Good News,' Evelyn Hope,' the divine 'Home Thoughts, from Abroad'-all the poems of which one never wearies.

Both volumes are charming acquisitions, and both keep up the reputation of a unique series. Vivian Grey. By the Earl of Beaconsfield. 2 vols. (De La More Press.) WE were in error in treating (see ante, p. 498) 'The Young Duke' as the first volume of the Centenary Edition of the early novels of Lord Beaconsfield. Not having at that time seen the present work, we supposed The Young Duke' to be the first. We now find that the series begins appropriately with Vivian Grey,' which was the author's earliest, and in some respects his brightest and most characteristic, production. The book is ushered in by a reproduction of Kenneth Macleay's likeness of the writer in the National Portrait Gallery, taken in 1829, and by a long, instructive, helpful, and judicious introduction by Mr. Lucien Wolf. Other illustrations of the first volume present the birthplace of Lord Beaconsfield, No. 22, Theobalds Road, and the house in which Vivian Grey' was written, No. 6, Bloomsbury Square, both from drawings by Mr. Herbert Railton. Vol. ii. has, moreover, a portrait from a bust of Sara Austen. The edition is both handsome and welcome.

A Primer of Classical and English Philology. By the Rev. Walter W. Skeat, Litt.D. (Oxford, Clarendon Press.)

In the present little volume Prof. Skeat adds one more to the excellent series of handbooks with which he has revolutionized the study of English in this country. It deals with the comparative philology of Greek, Latin, and English, and lays emphasis, as its cardinal axiom, on the vowel in its gradations and modifications as the all-important factor in determining the etymological affinity of words. If the consonants are the body of a word, we may say that the vowel is its soul. In one instance we would, with becoming diffidence, suggest a somewhat different provenance of a word from that which he gives. He analyzes "propitius" as pro-pit-ius, i.e., "flying forward," and affording to the augurs a good omen, the central element being pet, to fly, seen in Lat. pet-o. We should propose to analyze it rather as prop(e)-it-ius, from the analogy of words like in-it-ium, ex-it-ium, amb-it-io, trans-it-us, &c., when the middle element is it

from ire, to go. Thus the meaning would be "coming-near-to." In many languages the Deity when favourable is said to draw near (prope ire) to his worshipper, in order to hearken to his prayer or receive his sacrifice. We may instance the use of Heb. qarab, as in Psalm Ixix. 18. and the Assyrian kirubu, propitious, favourable, from karabu, to draw near. Even in the Gothic runes we find "sul giniæra " (= nære) as a prayer for the dead, exactly corresponding to the Latin formula "animæ propitietur (Deus)." See G. Stephens, Handbook of Old Northern Runic Monuments,' p. 250.

We would also query why Prof. Skeat alleges SoApós as the Greek for womb, a rare word only found, we think, in Hesychius, when the ordinary word is δελφύς. Who will have imagined that it is at bottom the same word as our "calf"? The book is crammed with similar suggestive identifications, all brought under the head of law, to the exclusion of mere guesswork. There cannot be found a more trustworthy introduction to a subject of fascinating interest.

Who's Who, 1906.-Who's Who Year-Book, 1906. (A. & C. Black.)

FOR those engaged in literary and journalistic pursuits Who's Who' remains the most trustworthy and important work of personal reference. Its utility has now stood the test of many years' constant use. Interesting features appear for the first time in the present issue, which occupies nearly a hundred pages more than the volume for 1905. Among these are motor and telephone numbers and telegraphic addresses, with, in many cases, records of a man's children of both sexes.

As regards the Year-Book,' containing the tables originally forming part of Who's Who,' but now, to the great gain in convenience and portability, transferred to a separate volume, progress is also perceptible. It is a misfortune to the present as to all annuals that the change in Parliament will follow close upon the appearance of the volumes. The Literary Year-Book and Bookman's Directory, 1906. (Routledge & Sons.)

To a certain extent 'The Literary Year-Book' and Who's Who' are complementary to each other, though each has independent features. In the former the list of writers is hardly extensive, when it is considered that it includes some foreigners. What may be regarded as supplementary informa tion is ample and useful.

An Almanack for 1906. By Joseph Witaker, F.S.A. (Whitaker & Sons.)

E. J. Sage. You may like to have a few lines of mine to his memory. He was an antiquary well versed in Essex lore, and formerly resided at Mark's Gate, Dagenham, and was the chief authority in that district on all historical matters. He was a Commissioner of the Public Library of Stoke Newington, where he resided for years, and was formerly one of the municipal body there. His own library and collections were priceless, and he was a diligent seeker of all documents, prints, or works of a topographical nature. A large circle of friends were privileged to see his library if they took an interest in literature. His know. ledge of Essex pedigrees and heraldry in general was at the disposal of those who search into these intricate subjects, and he had perused hundreds of old wills at Doctors' Commons merely for their antiquarian information. Mr. Sage was also a valued correspondent of N. & Q. His father was for a long period the Deputy-Steward of the manor of Barking in the time of Sir Edward Hulse, Bart., when the number of tenants and the amount of unenfranchised land were considerable."

Notices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notices:

ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate."

E. SMITH ("Dates of Eighteenth-Century Per formances of Shakespeare").-Genest's Account of the English Stage,' 10 vols., gives all information accessible.

C. HESKETH ("Joseph Capper ").—Not suited to our columns.

J. A. B. ("Gashed with honourable scars").— From James Montgomery's 'Battle of Alexandria." GREGORY GRUSELIER ("Greeneville and Tusculum College")-Tusculum Degrees were discussed at great length in 8th S. vi., vii., viii.

MEDICULUS ("Bible appointed to be read in churches").-Fully discussed at 6th S. iv. 24, 72, 130, 171. See especially the late FRANCIS FRY'S remarks at p. 131.

LADY RUSSELL, DR. CLIPPINGDALE, and another.

NOTICE.

Editorial communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries ""-Adver tisements and Business Letters to "The Pub lisher"-at the Offico, Brean's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C.

We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception.

A. on Swedish royal family, 91

A. (E. H.) on quotations wanted, 168

A. (I. W.) on quotations wanted, 334

A. (J. S.) on 'Military Discipline,' 489

A. (P. S.) on "Parva sed apta," 387

A. (P. W.) on prisoner suckled by his daughter, 353
A. (S.) on Lincoln Imp, 530

Spanish lady's love for an Englishman, 107

Abbeys, Premonstratensian, 169, 231, 298

Albigna, place-name, its Arabic equivalent 489
Alchemy, modern, 167

Aldenham (Lord) on quotations wanted, 237

Tinterero, 396

Aldworth (A. E.) on preaching in New England, 329

Aldwych and Kingsway inaugurated, 361, 410, 433, 451

Ales, love, use of the term, 35

Allanbank on Henry Palmer, 288

Alleyn (John), law reporter, c. 1681, 416

Abrahams (A.) on Academy of Muses, 233

'Adventures in Borneo,' 7

Concerts of Antient Music, 393
Copenhagen House, 205, 351
Crown Street, Soho, 326

Dramatic clubs, amateur, 493

Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, 37

Evans: Symonds: Hering: Garden, 397
"Fountain" tavern, 336
Greyfriars burial-ground, 205
Kingsway and Aldwych, 433

Looping the loop: centrifugal railway, 176
Moore (Tom), of Fleet Street, 230
'Morning Star,' 536

Moxhay, Leicester Square showman, 135
Nelson Column, 175

Nelson panoramas, 365

Newlands, Chalfont St. Peter, 148, 457

Pinks's History of Clerkenwell,' 427
Strand Theatre, 385

Almanac, c. 1744, 486

Almansa in Toledo and Madrid,' 248, 315
Almshouses, interesting old, 87

Almsmen, Westminster Abbey, 168, 236, 314
Alvarez (Henry), S.J., and Henry Alway, 126, 374
Alway (Henry) and Henry Alvarez, S.J., 126, 374
America, Jacobite rebels transported to, 66; early
editions of Gibbon's Decline and Fall' in, 405
American Civil War, official history, 527
American Civil War verses, 229, 296, 354

American place-name-, 155

Americus on "Bush and grease," 207

Ancient Concert Society, established 1776, 49, 335, 393
Anders (H. R. D.) on John poisoned by a toad, 256
Anderson (P. J.) on George Colman's 'Man of the
People,' 266

Gray (Principal Gilbert), 307
Swedish royal family, 352

Vaus (John), grammarian, 248

Andrews (H. C.) on Premonstratensian Abbeys, 298

Wenham (Jane), witch of Walkern, 318

Andrews (W.) on custom of Thraves, 350
Anerley on Locke: Lockie, 90

Angerstein (John Julius), his biography, 66
Anonymous Works:-

Adventures in Borneo, 7
Battel of the Catts, 228
Complete Drill Sergeant, 530
Creation :
: a Poem, 67, 137

Doomes Day, tract of 1647, 10, 77
Edward and Ellen, 47
Hugh Trevor, 429,5 3
Les Jumelles,

Lovers, The. 16-3, 47

Military Discipline; or, the Young Artillery

Man, 489

Our Native England, 510