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souls! The gulf of our ruin will be as deep as the elevation we might have attained is high.-How wilt thou fall from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! Our beloved country with ashes for beauty, the golden cord of our union broken, its scattered fragments presenting every form of misrule, from the wildest anarchy to the most ruthless despotism, our soil drenched with fraternal blood,' the life of man stripped of its grace and dignity, the prizes of honour gone, and virtue divorced from half its encouragements and supports-these are gloomy pictures, which I would not invite your imaginations to dwell upon, but only to glance at, for the sake of the warning lessons we may draw from them.

Remember that we can have none of those consolations

which sustain the patriot, who mourns over the misfortunes of his country. Our Rome cannot fall, and we be innocent. No conqueror will chain us to the car of his triumphs; no countless swarms of Huns and Goths will bury the memorials and trophies of civilized life beneath a living tide of barbarism.-Our own selfishness, our own neglect, our own passions, and our own vices, will furnish the elements of our destruction.

'us.

With our own hands we shall tear down the stately edifice of our glory. We shall die by self-inflicted wounds.But we will not talk of things like these. We will not think of failure, dishonour, and despair. On this day we will not admit the possibility of being untrue to our fathers and ourselves. We will elevate our minds to the contemplation of our high duties and the great trust committed to We will resolve to lay the foundation of our prosperity on that rock of private virtue, which cannot be shaken, until the laws of the moral world are reversed. From our own breasts shall flow the salient springs of national increase.Then our success, our happiness, our glory, will be as inevitable as the inferences of mathematics. We may calmly smile at all the croakings of the ravens, whether of native or foreign breed. The whole will not grow weak by the increase of its parts. Our growth will be like that of the mountain oak; which strikes its roots more deeply into the soil, and clings to it, with a closer grasp, as its lofty head is exalted, and its broad arms stretched out.

The loud burst of joy and gratitude, which is on this day breaking from the full hearts of a mighty people, will 'never cease to be heard. No chasm of sullen silence will interrupt its course; no discordant notes of sectional

madness, will mar the general harmony.-Year after year will increase it, by tributes from now unpeopled solitudes. The farthest West shall hear it, and rejoice. The Oregon shall swell with the voice of its waters :-the Rocky mountains shall fling back the glad sound from their snowy

crests.

EXERCISE LIX.-DEATH OF LAFAYETTE.-Edward Everett. From the Eulogy, pronounced at Faneuil Hall, before the Young Men of Boston.

[Funeral orations and eulogies like the following, soften the tone of declamation, lower the pitch of the voice, and render the movement slow. Pathos pervades the utterance; the gesture is subdued.]

On the arrival of Lafayette among you, ten years ago,— when your civil fathers, your military, your children, your whole population, poured itself out, as one throng, to salute him,-when your cannon proclaimed his advent, with joyous salvos, and your acclamations were responded from steeple to steeple, by the voice of festal bells, with what delight did you not listen to his cordial and affectionate words,—' I beg of you all, beloved citizens of Boston, to accept the respectful and warm thanks of a heart, which has, for nearly half a century, been devoted to your illustrious city!'

That noble heart, to which, if any object on earth was dear, that object was the country of his early choice, of his adoption, and his more than regal triumph,-that noble heart will beat no more for your welfare. Cold and motionless, it is already mingling with the dust.-While he lived, you thronged with delight to his presence, you gazed, with admiration, on his placid features and venerable form, not wholly unshaken by the rude storms of his career; and now that he is departed, you have assembled in this cradle of the liberties for which, with your fathers, he risked his life, to pay the last honours to his memory.

You have thrown open these consecrated portals, to admit the lengthened train, which has come to discharge the_last public offices of respect to his name. You have hung these venerable arches, for the second time since their erection, with the sable badges of sorrow. You have thus associated the memory of Lafayette in those distinguished honours, which, but a few years since, you paid to your Adams and Jefferson; and could your wishes and mine have prevailed,

my lips would this day have been mute, and the same illustrious voice which gave utterance to your filial emotions over their illustrious graves, would have spoken also, for you, over him who shared their earthly labours, enjoyed their friendship, and has now gone to share their last repose, and their imperishable remembrance.

There is not throughout the world, a friend of liberty, who has not dropped his head, when he has heard that Lafayette is no more. Poland, Italy, Greece, Spain, Ireland, the South American Republics, every country where man is struggling to recover his birthright, has lost a benefactor, a patron in Lafayette.

But you, young men, at whose command I speak,-for you, a bright and particular lodestar is henceforward fixed in the front of heaven. What young man that reflects on the history of Lafayette, that sees him, in the morning of his days, the associate of sages,-the friend of Washington,but will start with new vigour, on the path of duty and renown?

And what was it, fellow-citizens, which gave to our Lafayette his spotless fame?-The love of liberty. What has consecrated his memory, in the hearts of good men ?—The love of liberty! What nerved his youthful arm with strength, and inspired him, in the morning of his days, with sagacity and counsel ?-The living love of liberty. To what did he sacrifice power, and rank, and country, and freedom itself? To the horror of licentiousness;-to the sanctity of plighted faith, to the love of liberty protected by law. Thus the great principle of your revolutionary fathers, of your pilgrim sires, the great principle of the age, was the rule of his life: The love of Liberty protected by Law.

You have now assembled within these renowned walls, to perform the last duties of respect and love, on the birthday of your benefactor, beneath that roof which has resounded, I of old, with the master voices of American renown. spirit of the departed is in high communion with the spirit of the place; the temple worthy of the new name which we now behold inscribed on its walls.

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Listen, Americans, to the lesson, which seems borne to us very air we breathe, while we perform these dutiful rights.-Ye winds, that wafted the pilgrims to the lands of promise, fan, in their children's hearts, the love of freedom! Blood which our fathers shed, cry from the ground;-echoing arches of this renowned hall, whisper back the voices

of other days;-glorious Washington! break the long silence of that votive canvass ;*-speak, speak, marble lips;*-teach us THE LOVE OF LIBERTY PROTECTED BY LAW!

EXERCISE LX.-MILTON'S LINES TO HIS FATHER.-Translation by Cowper.

[The tones of reverence and of tenderness, pervade the following passage their effect on the voice, is to produce a low or a high note, as either predominates,-to soften and subdue the utterance, and to render it slow in rate.]

No! howsoe'er the semblance thou assume
Of hate, thou hatest not the gentle muse,
My father! For thou never bad'st me tread
The beaten path, and broad, that leads right on
To opulence, nor didst condemn thy son
To the insipid clamours of the bar,
To laws voluminous and ill observed;
But, wishing to enrich me more, to fill
My mind with treasure, ledst me far away
From city din, to deep retreats, to banks
And streams Aonian, and, with free consent,
Didst place me happy at Apollo's side.
I speak not now, on more important themes
Intent, of common benefits, and such
As nature bids, but of thy larger gifts,
My Father! who, when I had opened once
The stores of Roman rhetoric, and learned
The full-toned language of the eloquent Greeks,
Whose lofty music graced the lips of Jove,

Thyself didst counsel me to add the flowers

That Gallia boasts; those, too, with which the smooth

Italian his degenerate speech adorns,

That witnesses his mixture with the Goth;

And Palestine's prophetic songs divine.

To sum the whole, whate'er the heaven contains,

The earth beneath it, and the air between,

The rivers and the restless deep, may

Prove intellectual gain to me, my wish

all

Concurring with thy will; Science herself

All cloud removed, inclines her beauteous head,

Referring to the portrait of Washington, and the bust of Lafayette which adorn the hall.

And offers me the lip, if, dull of heart,
I shrink not, and decline her gracious boon.
Go, now, and gather dross, ye sordid minds
That covet it; what could my Father more?
More eligible gifts than these were not!
I therefore, although last and least, my place
Among the learned in the laurel grove

Will hold, and where the conqueror's ivy twines,
Henceforth exempt from the unlettered throng
Profane, nor even to be seen by such.

Away, then, sleepless Care, Complaint away,
And Envy, with thy jealous leer malign,'
Nor let the monster Calumny shoot forth
Her venomed tongue at me.
Detested foes!

Ye all are impotent against my peace,

For I am privileged, and bear my heart
Safe, and too high for your viperean wound.
But thou, my Father! since to render thanks
Equivalent, and to requite by deeds

Thy liberality, exceeds my power,
Suffice it, that I thus record thy gifts,

And bear them treasured in a grateful mind!

Ye too, the favourite pastime of my youth,
My voluntary numbers! if ye dare

To hope longevity, and to survive

Your master's funeral, not soon absorbed

In the oblivious Lethean gulf,

Shall to futurity perhaps convey

This theme, and by these praises of my sire

Improve the fathers of a distant age!

EXERCISE LXI.-APPEAL FOR THE REFORM BILL.-Lord

Brougham.

[The prevailing tone of appeal in declamation, gives, as in the following instance, increased earnestness and vividness of utterance, a more fervent tone, and a more forcible style of action, than in common declamatory harangues.]

I look upon all the growths of popular dissatisfaction,whether in the press, or in unions, in associations, or leagues against the exchequer, or secret societies,-as monstrous things bred out of the corruption of the present representation of the people. When it has been asked what has given birth to them, the answer is at hand. Trust me, it is no other power than that which called together the volunteers

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