fifth to the octave, and therefore not fufceptible of any partition which does not arife from the triple feries introduced by Pythagoras, and improved by Didymus, who invented the addition and intermixture of the quintuple feries.

Attempts have indeed been made by very refpectable authors to divide the minor third 5:6 or 10: 12 by another prime number (10: 11 and 11: 12) the falfe fourth (or ra ther eleventh) of the trumpet fcale, which offends every cultivated ear, not rendered callous by the vain fpeculations of M. Balliere, Jamard, &c.

These extreme abfurdities are paffing away, and we may thus far congratulate the authors of the prefent work, who, although too fanguine in favour of the triple progreffion, are not blinded by the Ptolemaic advocates of the trumpet fcale; whilft the Encyclopedie Methodique is filled with the articles of the Abbé Feytou, in which that system is carried to the most extraordinary length.

Article x11. Of Measure.

Measure is the partition of duration into many equal parts.

The chief of thefe parts are called times, and every time may be fubdivided.

The times are marked by equal movements of the hand, and thefe being fometimes four, fometimes three, and fometimes two, conftitute the quarternary, ternary, and binary measures.

Our fingle and double bars are termed,

The bar of feparation, and

The bar of termination.

At page 43, under the head of movement, a lift of Italian terms may be found, which is not very accurate, as the words relating to expreffion are improperly intermixed with

thofe of time.

The thirteenth article concludes (p. 43.) with noticing the other mufical figns, viz. the refts, the ligature, (liaifon) by which the fyncopes, both regular and broken (brifée) are formed, the point or paufe, the brace (accolade), the repeat (reprife), the fign (renvoi), the direct, abbreviations, &c. to p. 49.

Thus terminates their great work, in which we have pointed out with juftice and impartiality the capital defects in this claffical compilation of the Parifian mufic masters,

We have alfo, we truft, made good our charges against their precifion, hiftory, and theory. At the fame time it must be allowed that in fome of their practical explications they have been extremely fuccefsful, and the whole is far fuperior to any didactical work upon mufic in their language.

If they fhould continue their theoretic publications, and treat upon harmony and thorough bats, we shall hope to find more reason to commend their labours.

ART. V. Londinium Redivivum; or, an Ancient History and Modern Defeription of London. Compiled from Parochial : Records, Archives of various Foundations, the Harleian MSS. and other authentic Sources. By James Peller Malcolm. 4to. 31. 13s. 6d. Vol. II. and III. Rivingtons. 1805.

OUR account of the first part of this work may be seen

in our twentieth vol. p. 501.

This may indeed be confidered as an original Hiftory of London. The moft valuable manufcripts have been confulted, all our public libraries examined, and the British Museum, which contains more numerous and more important documents illuftrative of London than any other public repofitory, has been explored with the moft careful and moft perfevering diligence.

We congratulate the author that his labours have advanced fo near to a conclufion; and we fincerely hope that he may reap the advantages he has fo induftrioully fought, and fo very well merited. With little variation Mr. Malcolm purfues the alphabetical plan adopted in his former volume.

Of this fecond volume, the most interesting portion is that which defcribes the Inns of Court, and the inexhauftible treafures of the British Museum. We fhall however give, as a specimen of the entertainment to be expected by the reader, the following curious paper, which relates to the Brewer's Company.

In the reign of Henry VIII. a quarter of wheat fold for 6s. 8d. Malt from 4s. to 55. Oats 2s. 8d. 100 weight of the best hops, 6s. 4d.

"Let thofe fums be contrafted with the prices of the fame articles in November, 1803; and the aftonishing difference would hardly gain belief, were the facts lefs firmly established, and accounted for by the heavy duties they now fuftain.

"Wheat 445, 60s. 61s. and 62s, per quarter. Malt 50s. to 58s. Oats 24s. to 29s. In September a bag of Kentish hops

fold for 51. 25.

"So that in Henry the Eighth's time a quarter of wheat, a quarter of malt, another of oats, and one hundred weight of hops, might be purchased for 11. os. 8d.

"In 1803 a quarter of wheat, a quarter of malt, a quarter of oats, and a bag of hops, would cost twelve pounds eleven sbillings; and at this hour one quart of ftrong beer or porter, (probably fo termed from that intended for exportation antiently called port age*) cots as much as four gallons in the days of Edward I.

As the enfuing curious narrative is in fome degree connected with the fubject, and more particularly as it came warm from the heart of the worthy old antiquary John Stowe, I have ventured to introduce it from his own MS,

"Wednesday the 21st of October, anno 1584, furveying the ward of Caftle Baynard, we found in the houfe of Jocelyn Briznan, tipler, his guests to be ferved by unlawful measure: whereupon we gave charge to fuch of the houfe as were then prefent, that they should from henceforth fell no more forts of ale and beer but twain; to wit, double and fingle; the best for a penny the quart, the fmall for a penny the potle, by scale and meafure, and not otherwife. Which charge they promised to obferve, in prefence of a conftable and the beadle.

"On Friday the 9th of July, 1585, again furveying the fame ward of Caftle Baynard, we found in divers places ale to be fold in tone potts and bottles containing the piece not a full ale quart for 1d.; but the offenders promifing reformation, we dealt more favourably with them, as we can fhew by writing when time fhall ferve. Seven bazels of baize we have fent into Chrift's Hofpital; and would ere this have fent as many more,

*Mr. M. is here mistaken. Porter is an abbreviation of Porter's Ale, as it was at firft called. Rev,

had

had not been the late interruption of Jocelyn Briznan, and his unlawful supporters, of the fame Castle Baynard ward.

"Into the house of this Jocelyn Briznan we entered on the day above named, with one John Copley, conftable; where, calling for a bottle of ale, we were promifed it; but the constable perfwading us that there was no bottled ale to be fold, we went further into the house, where Briznan's wife was, and there ufed fuch fpeeches, that the forthwith locked up the door where his bottles were, and said to us she had none, Which speech of her's the conftable affirmed to be true. Then Agafter Symfon requiring her to open the door, which she had locked, the answered the would not; and, we demanding to fpeak with her husband, fhe faid he was not within. Then, without warrant under my Lord Mayor's hand, for he knew no authority we had, and therefore willed us to look we did no more than we might well anfwer for, the good man of the house would put us to it. At length, the faid Jocelyn Briznan being amongst us, and unknown to us, he faid, I am he ye feek for, what would you?' We told him it was reported he fold bottled ale contrary to order. Which he denied not; but faid he did as other men did. Wereupon we anfwered, we had reformed fome, and minded to reform the rest. We told him how his wife had denied to have any bottled ale how the had locked up the door, and denied the opening thereof; which was a refiftance, Said he, I will not anfwer for my wife, nor other than for myfelf; and he had never warning to reform these things ye miflike of. The conftable alfo affirmed the fame, with many ftout words,

"In the end Jocelyn opened the door which his wife had locked, where we found a fifty or fixty pots and bottles filled with ale; whereof we measured one, which the wife faid was three-fourths, and found it not to contain a full pint of fealed measure. We then, taking Jocelyn afide, willed him to reform, and fell no more fuch unlawful meafures; which he promised to obferve; but would grant none amends for the fault paffed: but, quoth he, what your authority will ferve you, and fpare me not, I will not fatisfy you.' Whereupon we departed, with Browne, an officer, to the Lord Mayor, and Payne the beadle; who are witnesses that this was the effect of that day's doings in that place.

"On Monday July 12 we came again to Jocelyn Briznan's, and demanded of him if he yet would be conformable, and what baize he would fend into Chrift's Hofpital for trefpaffes committed; whofe anfwer was, that he had not offended, nor would make fatisfaction; but willed us again to ufe our authority so far as. we would anfwer it, demanding whether the fame were by par liament or by ftatute. Whereunto we arfwered, it was by act of common council: whereat he made a puff. Many words were ufed by us to perfwade him. Copley, the conftable, when called for, came out of the inner part of the house, with a brewer (as was faid). This conftable, with vehement words, charged

us

as with offering wrong to the faid Briznan, for that we had never given him warning; adding, that they lied that faid they had given any warning there; and, telling Synifon that he lied, fhoved him. Whereupon Agafter Eliot, laying his right hand on Copley's left fhoulder, faid to the conftable, "Is that well faid of you, being an officer, to give a man the lie? I had little thought to have heard fuch a word of your mouth. What, quoth Copley, doft thou ftrike me? I ftrike you?' faid Agafter Eliot, Wherefore fhould I ftrike yon? When," quoth Copley, I feel my arm fmart yet. William Lathe," officer to my Lord Mayor, and Payne the beadle, are witnesses to this.".

"The moralift will perceive from this narrative that London remains nearly in ftatu quo; and I believe the tale might be matchedwithout difficulty, if fimilar efforts were made to abolish the abominable licence affumed by retailers by weight and measure, whofe daily occupation it is to bellow their commodities through the streets, with their modeft difcrimination between the pound and full boneft pound." Vol. II. p. 148.

No fubject at all connected with the undertaking feems to have efcaped the author's notice. The work is full of biographical notices, curious anecdotes, local peculiarities, charters, prefentments, &c. &c. and what is not lefs deferving praife, the extracts from registers are so various, that certificates may be obtained, if neceffary, of upwards of a thousand eminent names, exclufive of infcriptions on

monuments.

The third volume commences with an account of St. Paul's Cathedral, which is very full and fatisfactory. We may indeed affirm, without referve, that fo minute and particular a description of every thing involved in the history of that ftructure, is no where else to be found. We have been highly gratified with it ourselves, and recommend it to the general attention of antiquaries. The following very curious paper is printed from the Harleian MSS.

"It must be acknowledged that, when James did undertake, work, he proceeded with alacrity and judgment. As a prelimi. nary, he went on horfeback, in great ftate, on Sunday, March 26, 1620, to the church, attended by a numerous train of courtiers, and the lord mayor, Sir William Cockain. On entering the Weft door, the king kneeled, and pronounced a prayer for the fuccefs of the undertaking. Thence he proceeded under a canopy, held by the dean and three refidentiaries, accompanied by the clergy and others finging, to the choir; which was adorned with fome of his own rich tapestry, or hangings. After an anthem had been fung, his majefty went to St. Paul's cross, where a fermon was preached by Dr. King, bishop of London, from a well-chofen text, the 13th and 14th verses of Domine

exaudi,